Effect of impact force on tensile properties and fiber splitting of splittable bicomponent hydroentangled fabrics

The effect of impact force when using inclined water jets on splittable bicomponents hydroentangled fabrics are investigated focusing on changes in tensile properties and fiber splitting. The results indicated that with increase of impact force, the tensile strength was increased in both machine direction (MD) and crosswise direction (CD). On changing of water jet inclination angle, the tensile strength was the highest at 10 degree followed by 20 degree and the last 0 degree. The highest fiber splitting were observed in pie segment (PA6/PET) followed by island in sea (PA6/COPET) fiber but no fiber splitting was observed for island in sea (PET/COPET) fiber. The impact force in inclined mode of impact, played a great role in improving fiber splitting and tensile properties of hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photos were used for investigation of fiber splitting by comparing fiber diameter before and after hydroentanglement.     

大豆品种(系)间耐光氧化的差异及其与产量的关系

在人工光氧化筛选压下,测定了242份大豆品种(系)间耐光氧化程度的差异.结果表明,大豆品种(系)间耐光氧化程度存在明显差异,其R3、R5、R6期耐光氧化变异系数,分别为31%、30%、27%,全距为4级.大豆品种(系)耐光氧化程度与其产量呈明显正相关;同时筛选出哈03-4113、哈04-3208等8个耐光氧化品系.     

不同供水条件下冬小麦冠气温差、叶片水势和水分亏缺指数的变化及其相互关系

为了给以作物高效灌溉制度提供理论依据,对不同供水条件下冬小麦冠层温度进行了多年田间观测,模拟了以土壤水分条件为主导的冠气温差、叶水势、水分亏缺指数等的变化规律及其对影响因素的响应。结果表明,冬小麦各生育阶段不同供水处理冠层温度(T c)受土壤水分影响明显,处理间冠气温差(ΔT)差异极显著。叶水势(LW P)与ΔT、作物水分胁迫指数(CW S I)相关显著。LW P=-1.8M Pa,CW S I=0.40是指示冬小麦发生水分胁迫的关键性指标。综合各指标,为了达到节水目的,使ΔT维持在0~-4℃,可获得冬小麦产量最优值,此时冬小麦灌溉量下限应使土壤相对含水量达到58.7%。     

杂交水稻直播栽培示范效果及高产技术

连续3 a在同一地点进行杂交水稻协优9308、两优培九、丰优香占的直播与移栽对比示范表明,直播增产显著,增效明显,且有省工、省力、省秧田、节约成本等优点.水稻直播栽培技术关键是控制草害和防止倒伏.     

花生种间杂交及其胚营救技术研究

花生野生种Arachiscardenasii与栽培品种以常规方法杂交，其杂交成功率和杂种生活力均较低。利用胚营救技术将杂交获得的未成熟胚珠和胚进行离体培养，可诱导幼胚分化发育或使胚成熟萌发。离体培养杂种小苗的带腋芽茎段，用MS＋BA4ms／L＋CH600mg／L培养基诱导产生了愈伤组织和芽原基。通过继代增殖培养，平均每个愈伤组织获得22．6和24．6个芽原基以及6．1和7．2个无根小苗。经诱根培养（MS＋NAA0．2mg／L），再生苗即生长成为完整植株。     

SPAD值与杂交狼尾草施氮水平和农艺性状的关系

采用盆栽试验探讨利用叶绿素计(Chlorophyll Meter SPAD-502)预测杂交狼尾草粗蛋白含量和牧草的施氮水平.试验设5个氮肥水平(纯氮量0,100,200,300,400k9/hm2)和3次重复,利用叶绿素计读取不同氮水平不同时期杂交狼尾草倒数第3片叶子的SPAD值,同时测定部分农艺性状和茎叶粗蛋白含量.结果表明,杂交狼尾草的SPAD值和粗蛋白含量是随着牧草的生长而逐渐降低,分蘖数、株高和生物产量随着牧草的生长而提高;杂交狼尾草的SPAD值与其施氮水平、分蘖数、株高、产量和茎叶粗蛋白含量都成正相关,与牧草的株高相关性最小且都不显著;与牧草的分蘖数和产量相关性大,接近或达显著水平:与牧草的茎叶粗蛋白含量相关性最大,均达显著或极显著水平.因此,利用SPAD值可用来预测杂交狼尾草茎叶粗蛋白含量,进而诊断杂交狼尾草的氮素营养水平,为牧草的合理施肥提供依据.     

生物絮团养殖模式下益生菌添加对异育银鲫生长、消化酶活性及肠道组织结构的影响

前期研究表明,生物絮团技术(biofloc technology,BFT)适于异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)养殖。为进一步优化BFT养殖模式,本研究设置3个实验组:BFT模式下EM菌添加组(BB组)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)添加组(BI组)和BFT对照组(B组),以均体重(1.60±0.50)g的异育银鲫为研究对象,探讨BFT模式下外源添加益生菌对养殖动物生长、消化酶活性及肠道组织结构的影响。结果表明:(1)益生菌添加组异育银鲫增重率和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P0.05),BB和BI组的增重率分别提高了216.70%和184.04%,特定生长率分别提高了141.18%和125.49%,BB和BI组间差异不显著(P0.05);(2)益生菌添加组(BB组和BI组)的消化酶(淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶)活性均显著高于对照组(B组)(P0.05)。益生菌添加组间,BB组淀粉酶活性显著高于BI组(P0.05),脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶活性亦高于BI组,但差异不显著(P0.05);(3)益生菌添加组肠道肌层厚度和黏膜下层厚度显著高于对照组(B组)(P0.05),BB组异育银鲫肠道黏膜皱襞高度和皱襞间质宽度与BI和对照组相比,均无显著差异(P0.05)。研究表明,BFT养殖模式下外源添加益生菌可以更好地促进异育银鲫生长。     

牡蛎疱疹病毒(OsHV-1)间接原位杂交PCR检测方法的建立与初步应用

为建立实现牡蛎疱疹病毒(OsHV-1)在贝类宿主组织中的精确定位方法,基于原位杂交PCR (ISPCR)技术建立了OsHV-1的间接原位杂交PCR (indirect ISPCR)检测方法,并利用该方法对OsHV-1在魁蚶主要器官的分布情况进行了检测和分析。首先选择适合原位杂交PCR的引物,在载玻片上实现对原位固定靶组织内病毒DNA的稳定、特异扩增,然后与使用相同引物制作的地高辛标记核酸探针进行原位杂交,最后通过免疫酶标技术显示样本内OsHV-1的组织分布。为了达到最佳检测效果,对间接ISPCR的扩增循环数以及组织消化的蛋白酶K浓度进行优化。结果显示,最适PCR扩增循环数为20,蛋白酶K浓度为20μg/mL。利用经优化的间接ISPCR检测方法,对OsHV-1在魁蚶外套膜、鳃、肝胰腺、斧足和闭壳肌5个样本中的组织分布情况和亲嗜性进行检测和分析。病毒阳性信号主要分布于魁蚶外套膜结缔组织中浸润的血细胞和成纤维细胞、肝胰腺和鳃浸润的血细胞、斧足和闭壳肌中坏死肌肉细胞的细胞核中。本研究建立的间接ISPCR检测方法具有灵敏、特异和精确定位的优点,通过组织切片上显示的病毒核酸阳性信号,能判别OsHV-1在不同组织部位的分布特点和受感染的细胞类型;适用于OsHV-1感染的确诊、病毒对不同组织器官的亲嗜性、病毒侵染途径和致病机理等相关研究。     

Habitat configuration for an obligate shallow‐water delphinid: The Indo‐Pacific humpback dolphin,Sousa chinensis,in the Beibu Gulf (Gulf of Tonkin)

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Effects of antimicrobial peptides on growth,morphology of foregut villi and related genes mRNA expression in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

A 60‐day feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of different levels (0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) of antimicrobial peptides on growth, protease activity of foregut, the morphology of foregut villi and related genes mRNA expression level in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The results showed that the feed of antimicrobial peptides promote common carp growth, and the optimal dosage of antimicrobial peptides is 200–333 mg/kg in the common carp feed. The protease activity of 200 and 400 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control and other groups (p < 0.05). The foregut villus height with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide groups were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). The crypt depth of 200 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide groups were significantly lower than control group (p < 0.05). The ratio of villus height and crypt depth of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide groups were significantly higher than control group (p < 0.05). The ratio with 600 mg/kg group was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The IGF‐I gene expression level of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control group and 600 mg/kg group (p < 0.05). The IL‐1β gene expression level of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). These results indicated up‐regulation of growth and immune related genes in antimicrobial peptides fed common carp. Correlation analysis showed that IGF‐I mRNA and IL‐1β mRNA were positively correlated with SGR. IL‐1β mRNA and FCR were significantly negative correlated. It indicated that growth and immune gene common regulated the growth of the carp under antimicrobial peptides intervention. In conclusion, antimicrobial peptides can improve growth and related genes mRNA expression in the common carp. Further studies using molecular biological technique or immunologic methods are required to conclude that antimicrobial peptides are beneficial in common carp.