ESR法在五种植物类辐照食品检测中应用

本文以辣椒粉、干蘑菇、干红枣、核桃和螺旋藻等5种植物类食品为对象,研究了γ辐照诱导产生的ESR波谱特征,以此作为辐照产品鉴别的检测依据,并用此方法对南京辐照中心日常辐照产品进行了3年跟踪检测。结果表明:利用辐照前后ESR波谱的差异可以检测产品辐照与否。常规辐照剂量下,辣椒粉、干蘑菇、红枣辐照的正判率为100%,核桃粉和螺旋藻粉的正判率分别为80%～88%和85%～92%。ESR法在辐照产品快速鉴别和质量控制中有广泛的应用前景。     

促进区域经济发展深化图书馆信息服务

以哈尔滨市图书馆为例,通过图书馆为企业用户提供信息服务的实践,分析了图书馆为区域经济服务的现状,以及为区域经济服务过程中公共图书馆所起到的作用;提出今后图书馆促进区域经济发展、深化信息服务工作的几点举措。     

内蒙古马铃薯疮痂病发生与防治途径

2011～2012年对内蒙古自治区18个种薯生产单位和11个马铃薯县(旗、市)进行了马铃薯疮痂病(Streptomyces spp.)实地访问和调查。结果被调查的18个种薯生产单位有疮痂病率83.0%,病薯率0.0%～100.0%,11个县(旗、市)商品薯有疮痂病率100.0%,病薯率0.1%～38.0%。重复使用蛭石生产种薯、商品薯生产田轮作少、发病重。种薯较商品薯疮痂病问题更为严重。品种感病、条件适宜、重复使用蛭石、轮作少和缺乏有效杀菌剂是病害严重的主要因素。分析认为,使用效果显著的蛭石消毒剂或种薯处理剂是内蒙古马铃薯疮痂病防治的最佳途径。     

Measurement of respiratory system compliance and respiratory system resistance in healthy dogs undergoing general anaesthesia for elective orthopaedic procedures

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate normal values for the dynamic compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) and respiratory system resistance (Rrs) in mechanically ventilated anaesthetized dogs.Study design Prospective clinical study.Animals Forty healthy dogs undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. Body weight was (mean ± SD) 26.8 ± 10.7 kg (range: 1.9–45.0 kg), age 4.7 ± 2.9 years (range: 0.1–10.6 years).Methods Dogs were premedicated with acepromazine and methadone administered intramuscularly and anaesthesia induced with propofol intravenously. After endotracheal intubation the dog's lungs were connected to an appropriate breathing system depending on body weight and isoflurane in oxygen administered for maintenance of anaesthesia. The lungs were ventilated mechanically with variables set to maintain normocapnia (end‐tidal carbon dioxide concentration 4.7–6.0 kPa). Peak inspiratory pressure, Crs, Rrs, tidal volume, respiratory rate and positive end‐expiratory pressure were recorded at 5, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after start of mechanical ventilation. Cardiovascular variables were recorded at time of collection of respiratory data.Results General additive modeling revealed the following relationships: Crs = [0.895 × body weight (kg)] + 8.845 and Rrs = [?0.0966 × body weight (kg)] + 6.965. Body weight and endotracheal tube diameter were associated with Crs (p <0.001 and p =0.002 respectively) and Rrs (p = 0.017 and p =0.002 respectively), body weight being linearly related to Crs and inversely to Rrs.Conclusion and clinical relevance Body weight was linearly related to Crs while Rrs has an inverse linear relationship with body weight in mechanically ventilated dogs. The derived values of Crs and Rrs may be used for monitoring of lung function and ventilation in healthy dogs under anaesthesia.     

辐照对黄原胶分子量、结构及流变性能的影响

 【目的】探讨辐照剂量对黄原胶分子量、分子量分布、结构、流变性能的影响,为辐照技术在黄原胶及其它多糖分子修饰上的应用提供理论依据。【方法】以60Co-γ射线对固态黄原胶进行不同剂量 (0—400 kGy) 的辐照,采用凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）、X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外扫描(FTIR)、紫外-可见光扫描(UV-vis)以及流变仪等对样品的分子量、分子量分布、结构以及流变性能进行表征和测定。【结果】低于10 kGy剂量的辐照使黄原胶分子量增大,分子量分布变窄;辐照剂量高于10 kGy后,分子量随剂量增大而降低,而分子量分布先变宽,在50 kGy时达到最大后,又趋于变窄。X-射线衍射、红外及紫外分析表明,辐照造成黄原胶分子上的部分糖苷键发生断裂,引起结晶度的变化,并在链端产生少量羰基,但其基本化学结构和晶体结构保持稳定。辐照处理后,黄原胶溶液的表观黏度与剪切速率、剪切时间和温度之间的关系均发生了显著变化。【结论】γ射线可同时作用于黄原胶的结晶区和无定形区,引发聚合和降解两种辐照效应,并对其分子量、分子量分布造成显著影响,进而使其流变性能发生改变。     

不同育苗措施对烟苗素质的影响

研究了烤烟阳光板大棚育苗的播种期与增温措施组合对烟苗素质的影响,结果表明,3月20日为富锦烟区最适宜的播芽种期,并于4月11日(小十字期)假植,采用离地床、地上铺砖坑作保温层(20 cm)、上垫5 cm表土的育苗措施。移栽前烟苗素质表现为苗床期60 d,茎高10.5 cm,茎粗0.61 cm,真叶数9.2,单株鲜重7.78 g,单株干重0.38 g。     

Pharmacokinetics of Idazoxan in Deers Following Intramuscular Administration

The aim of this experiment was to determine the pharmacokinetics of hydrochloric idazoxan in deers plasma alter intramuscular （IM） dosing. Six clinical healthy Cervus nippon Temmincks were injected with the idazoxan solution at the dose of 0.44 mg·kg-1. Eight mL blood sample was taken from a jugular vein and plasma was separated for drug determination by using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Idazoxan pharmacokinetic parameters were simulated by noncompartmental analyses. The results showed that the absorption and elimination of hydrochloric idazoxan in plasma was quick by route of administration, the half-lives of absorption （t1/2Ka） and elimination （t1/2Kc） were （0.2094 ± 0.0341） min, and （13.1842±0.2353） min, respectively, the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve from 0 to ∞ （AUC） was （0.0700±0.0035） （mg·mL-1）. min the maximum concentration in the plasma （Cmax） was （0,0047±0.0005） mg.mL ＇, peaking at （12.4618±0.1198） rain after dosing. In conclusion, these data indicated that the kinetics of hydrochloric idazoxan were fitted to one compartment model with first order absorption, which was characterized by rapid drug action, and fast metabolism with few residue in the blood.     

辐照控制菲律宾蛤仔中治病菌及其在贮藏期的生长情况

研究了菲律宾蛤仔经60Coγ射线辐照后,其中的菌落总数、大肠肝菌和副溶血性的D₁₀值及辐照后在贮藏期的变化。结果表明,经60Coγ射线辐照后菲律宾蛤仔中的菌落总数、大肠肝菌、副溶血性的D₁₀值分别为：0.70、0.56和0.20kGy;真空包装的菲律宾蛤仔在0°C~4°C贮藏条件下,3kGy剂量辐照贮藏28d后菌落总数为4.46log(CFU/g),符合水产品卫生要求;而0.4kGy剂量辐照贮藏7d后大厂肝菌、副溶血性弧菌后检测未检出。由此可见,3kGy以上剂量辐照处理菲律宾蛤仔,能有效杀灭其中的微生物,且其贮藏期可达28d,用辐照方法保鲜菲律宾蛤仔具有一定实际意义。     

不同作物种植模式对新垦农田土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响

利用Biolog-ECO技术对新垦农田不同作物种植模式下土壤微生物群落功能多样性进行了研究。结果表明:不同作物种植模式对新垦农田土壤微生物群落功能多样性均有很大影响。与6年连作小麦相比较,头3年连种大蒜再轮作小麦的土壤微生物对全部碳源的利用能力最强,生理代谢活性最高,在0~144h内其平均颜色变化率(AWCD)变化最显著,土壤微生物群落优势度、多样性指数及均匀度也相对较高,说明该种作物种植模式对土壤微生物群落结构和功能多样性影响最大,可有效改善土壤贫瘠状况。     

基于6-BA／NAA的黑树莓不定芽再生的研究

为了快速繁殖优良种黑树莓,进行了不同激素、不同外植体的组织培养和再生研究。结果显示：在不同6．BA浓度培养下,均为茎段的不定芽的再生率最高,叶柄次之,叶片最低。并且,随着培养基6．BA浓度的增加,各外植体的芽分化率具有相同的变化趋势,均呈抛物线型变化。各外植体均在4．0mg．L～6-BA和0．1mg．L-1 NAA时芽的分化率最高,其中黑树莓茎段的不定芽的再生率高达87．50％。