Genetic parameters for somatic cell count (SCC) and milk production traits of Guzerá cows using data normalized by different procedures

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for somatic cell count (SCC) and the genetic association between SCC and milk production traits using two...     

Genetic parameters for milk,growth, and reproductive traits in Guzerá cattle under tropical conditions

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of milk (305-day milk yield (MY305)), growth (weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW), and weight at...     

Review of kinematic analysis in dogs

Objective gait analysis techniques aid investigators in the study of motion. Kinematic gait analysis techniques that objectively quantitate motion are valuable tools used to understand normal and abnormal motion in domestic animals. Recent advances in video technology have made the study of motion more readily accessible. Available systems can document gait in two or three dimensions (2D or 3D, respectively). Knowledge of fundamental gait analysis concepts is critical to generating meaningful data. The objective of this report is to review principles of kinematic data collection and analyses, with a focus on differences between 2D and 3D systems.     

小熊猫源铜绿假单胞菌耐药性和耐药基因的研究

为了鉴定小熊猫(Ailurus fulgens)肺源致病菌并研究其耐药性和耐药基因,从死亡小熊猫肺部组织中无菌分离培养致病菌,进行革兰氏染色及16S rDNA测序鉴定。采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行细菌药敏试验和小鼠致病性试验,应用PCR法检测分离株的28种β-内酰胺酶相关基因、6种氨基糖苷类修饰酶基因(AMEs)、外膜蛋白D2基因(oprD2)、磺胺耐药基因(qacE△1-sul1)、3种整合子基因(intⅠ1、2、3)和主动外排泵调节基因(mexR)等共40种耐药基因。肺组织样品中分离培养的1株菌鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌,革兰氏染色阴性,药敏试验对氯霉素敏感,对β-内酰胺类、头孢类、氨基糖甙类、大环内酯类、硝基咪唑类、喹诺酮类和利福霉素等均具有耐药性,小鼠表现与小熊猫相似的症状而死亡。5种耐药基因TEM、aac(3)-Ⅱ、ant(3″)-Ⅰ、qacE△1-sul1、intⅠ1为阳性,其他35种为阴性。该小熊猫肺源铜绿假单胞菌具有较强的致病性和多药耐药性,其耐药机制与5种耐药基因有关。     

酵母β-葡聚糖对仔猪生产性能影响的研究

选用72头28日龄断奶,体重均一的健康三元杂交仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每重复6头猪。对照不添加,饲喂基础日粮;添加0.025%β-葡聚糖组;0.05%β-葡聚糖组;0.1%β-葡聚糖组;试验期28d。实验结果表明,与对照组相比:添加0.025%β-葡聚糖可通过提高日采食量提高试验期内的仔猪日增重10.8%(P>0.05),对降低腹泻率的影响差异不显著(P>0.05);添加0.05%β-葡聚糖可显著降低仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05),可提高日增重7.6%(P>0.05);添加0.1%β-葡糖对日增重和腹泻率都无显著影响(P>0.05)。本研究认为添加0.025%和0.05%β-葡聚糖都可在一定程度上提高断奶仔猪的生产性能。     

Histology of Palate and Soft Palate Tonsil of Collared Peccary (Tayassu tajacu)

Peccaries are characterized by a prominent skin gland, known as scent gland, which is located in the middle of the rump. These animals are able to survive in a great variety of habitats, from humid tropical forests to semi‐arid areas. They are omnivorous animals, and their diet includes fibrous material, vegetables, fruits, small vertebrates and insects. Collared peccary hard palate and soft palate tonsils were studied, macroscopic morphometric data were collected and tissue samples were paraffin‐embedded. Sections were stained with HE, Gomori′s trichrome and von Kossa; the first two were used to study general organization and the latter to detect calcium deposits. The hard palate showed one incisive papilla followed by several rugae united by a distinct raphe. The hard palate is lined by a keratinised squamous epithelium resting on a dense connective, whereas in the soft palate, the epithelium is parakeratinised and showed lymphocyte infiltration. The palate showed several pacinian corpuscles in the propria‐submucosa. Two ovoid‐shaped tonsils were found in the soft palate, and several crypts were observed on its surface. The epithelium was highly infiltrated by lymphocytes, and within the crypts, tonsilloliths were frequently observed. The study showed that the general organization of collared peccary palate is similar to other species, but in its oropharynx, only the soft palate tonsil was present and the pacinian corpuscles formed small aggregates.     

Detection of the Matrix Metalloproteinases MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 in Llama (Lama glama) Oviduct

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) are involved in several reproductive events like oocyte–spermatozoa interaction and semen liquefaction. In order to study their role in the llama oviductal reproductive process, MMP activity in oviductal fluid (OF) was assayed. Considering that llama genome sequences are partially known, a strategy to procure cDNA sequences of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 was designed. Afterwards, their expression patterns in the different llama oviductal segments were assayed. Gelatine zymograms detected 62 and 94 kDa protease activities that matched MMP‐2 and pro‐MMP‐9, respectively. Expression pattern analysis showed that MMP and TIMP mRNAs were present in ampulla, isthmus, utero‐tubal junction (UTJ) and papilla. Altogether, these findings support the argument that MMPs/TIMPs are produced in the oviduct and secreted into the oviductal lumen. Our results encourage further studies to elucidate the role of these proteins in reproductive oviductal events.     

葡萄糖氧化酶和酵母硒复合添加剂对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能及肉品质的影响

本文旨在研究以葡萄糖氧化酶和酵母硒为主要成分的复合添加剂对规模化养殖白羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能和肉品质的影响.选择6 000只1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为2个组,每组设4个重复,每个重复750只鸡.对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+0.2％复合添加剂(葡萄糖氧化酶+酵母硒).试验期为42 d.结果表明:1)在不同日龄阶段(1 ～21、22～42、1～ 42日龄),试验组肉鸡平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),ADG分别提高了1.92％、1.42％、1.53％,ADFI分别提高了3.35％、6.64％、5.58％;试验组料重比(F/G)显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),分别降低了0.70％、4.46％、3.85％.1～42日龄试验组肉鸡死淘率显著低于对照组32.41％(P＜0.05).21、42日龄试验组肉鸡盲肠食糜pH显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).2)21日龄,试验组肉鸡血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)比对照组分别显著提高了2.01％、8.90％、8.89％ (P＜0.05).42日龄,试验组肉鸡SOD、GSH-Px活性和T-AOC比对照组分别显著提高了7.96％、13.23％和19.01％ (P＜0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量比对照组显著降低34.93％ (P＜0.05).3)21、42日龄,试验组肉鸡胸肌肉色a值显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),肉色b值显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).综上,饲喂添加葡萄糖氧化酶和酵母硒的复合添加剂的饲粮可提高肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能,改善肉品质.     

遥控自动立木整枝机电源控制系统

便携式遥控自动立木整枝机控制系统电源的使用效率是整个系统的一个重要指标及可靠工作的前提.该文在分析控制逻辑的基础上,从节能的观点出发,合理地研制了自动立木整枝机发射与接收系统电源控制电路.电源供电能力测试的结果证明:该电源控制电路可以有效地提高整个系统电源的效率,能够很好地满足自动立木整枝机的工作需要.