Genome-wide Association Study on Alive Litter Size Trait in Bama Xiang Pigs

In order to identify the molecular markers related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs,the genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to map and screen the candidate genes affecting the alive litter size trait.Ear tissue samples of 297 Bama Xiang pigs with multiple parity records were collected,and DNA was extracted and genotyped by porcine 50K SNP beadchip.After quality control and genotype imputation,the alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were GWAS by Tassel.The results showed that the average number born alive per litter of Bama Xiang pigs increased gradually with the increasing of parity in the range of 1-9 parities.A total of 32 816 SNPs were obtained after quality control and filtration.8 SNPs related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were screened by genome-wide association analysis,which were significant at genome or chromosome level.Based on the enrichment analysis of the coding genes in the region between 500 kb upstream and downstream of the associated significant SNP loci,and the QTL regions and gene functions related to porcine reproductive traits,4 genes (CAPZB,MSH3,CITED2 and HSD17B7) were finally identified to be candidate genes related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs.     

藏鸡NSTN基因克隆与mRNA组织表达谱分析

肌肉生长抑制素(MSTN)是骨骼肌发育的负性调控因子,本研究用RT-PCR方法克隆藏鸡MSTN编码基因,用半定量RT-PCR方法检测MSTN mRNA在藏鸡腿肌等10个组织的表达情况.结果显示,藏鸡MSTN DNA长1128 bp,编码375个氨基酸.藏鸡与原鸡氨基酸序列一致率为99.7％,有6个同义突变和1个非同义突变的氨基酸差异.MSTN mRNA在腿肌、胸肌、心脏、肾脏、睾丸、卵巢、胃中均检测到表达,脂肪、肝脏、肺中未检测到MSTN mRNA表达.MSTN mRNA表达水平由高到低的顺序为:腿肌、胸肌、心脏、肾脏、睾丸、卵巢和胃.     

中华按蚊几丁质酶基因家族的全基因组鉴定与分析

本研究基于生物信息方法对中华按蚊的几丁质酶基因家族进行全基因组鉴定与分析.利用BLAST、HMM及Softberry网站中的基因预测程序进行序列鉴定、检验及补充,筛选出23个中华按蚊几丁质酶基因及类似基因,并进行系统发生分析,将中华按蚊几丁质酶基因分为八大家族,其外显子数为2～13个,跨度较大;基因分布分析结果表明As...     

豌豆ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立和优化

以豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)DNA为材料,对影响其ISSR-PCR反应体系中的5种主要因素(模板DNA量、引物浓度、dNTPs浓度、Taq酶量、退火温度)进行优化,最终确定了豌豆ISSR-PCR反应的最佳体系(20 μL)为:15 ng模板DNA,0.15 mmol·L 1dNTP,0.5 μmol·L-1 ISSR引物,1 UTaq DNA聚合酶,引物842号的最适退火温度为50℃.该体系的建立为今后利用ISSR技术进行豌豆属种质资源的遗传多样性分析、遗传图谱构建和基因定位奠定了技术基础.     

实验动物运输中的福利保障

运输动物可能发生在各个动物生产或使用单位的内部,也可能发生在动物供应商与用户之间,对于野生动物,还可能会发生在捕捉地点与饲养设施之间。动物的运输过程中,许多的方面可能对动物福利产生直接的影响。包括搬运,从熟悉的同种中隔离及可能的单独饲养,被装载在不熟悉的运输容器中,装卸,运输途中的运动、震动、包括加速和减速,为保证平衡导致的紧张(特别是大动物),不熟悉的信息、声音和气味,温度和湿度的波动及极端温度,黑暗(避光设置),被停止供食或无采食和饮水意愿,最终用户提供的新环境和程序,不熟悉的人和可能社会等级竞争重构健等均是潜在造成动物应激的因素。认真评估和组织运输中的各个方面,人道对待所运输的动物对保障研究的质量和动物福利是必须的。本文简单论述了运输对实验动物福利的影响及造成这些影响的潜在因素、评价指标。推荐了一个人道运输实验动物的通行准则,以及一些有价值的文献数据。更加详细的内容可以阅读参考文献的原文。     

山东省动物检疫电子出证系统的建设与展望

动物检疫证明的手写出证方式已不能适应新形势下动物疫病防控和动物源性食品安全监管的需要,成为制约动物追溯体系建设的瓶颈。山东省将动物检疫与信息技术相结合,经过积极研发、试点过渡、完善制度和加强培训指导等4步稳步推进动物检疫电子出证系统建设,建成了省级动物检疫数据中心,搭建了省级出证平台,开发了7个功能模块,制定了电子出证数据地方标准,最终实现了规范出具检疫证明、便捷统计分析和快速追踪溯源等管理目标,有力提升了动物疫病防控能力和畜产品质量安全保障能力。     

利用微卫星标记对宁强矮马和蒙古马遗传多样性的研究

通过8个微卫星位点的多态性检测对宁强矮马和蒙古马共83个个体进行了遗传多样性分析。计算各微卫星位点的等位基因频率、有效等位基因数(Ne)、多态信息含量(PIC)、杂合度(H)和F统计量。结果表明:8个微卫星座位中HMS2变异最大,HTG6变异最小;蒙古马的Ne、PIC、H的平均值均高于宁强马;总群体的平均遗传分化系数Fst为0.017(P<0.01),群体内近交系数Fis为0.171(P<0.01)。说明蒙古马和宁强矮马虽外形和性能上有很大差异,但在品种形成和进化上有着较近的遗传关系。     

一起饲料未落实留样观察制度案的查处

2019年7月,A市农业综合执法支队执法人员在执法检查中发现,×宠物饲料有限公司涉嫌未落实留样观察制度而从事饲料生产。经立案调查,认定当事人违法事实存在,证据确凿。根据《饲料和饲料添加剂管理条例》规定,依法给予了行政处罚。本文重点介绍了案件的发生、查处经过、法律适用及处理情况等执法内容,讨论了饲料留样目的和意义、调查取证注意事项、违法物品的处理以及责令改正的正确适用等问题,指出了办理此类案件时的取证依据、处罚前置条件,以期为行政执法人员办理同类案件提供参考。     

脂肪酸调控奶牛乳腺microRNAs研究进展

脂类是一种可以为动物体储存和提供能量的物质,大量研究证实,日粮中脂类的改变可以改变microRNAs（miRNAs）的表达从而影响机体生命活动。本综述主要概括了脂肪酸对奶牛乳腺miRNAs的调控作用,从奶牛乳腺miRNAs表达特征、调控乳脂合成的miRNAs及外源添加脂肪酸对乳腺miRNAs的调控三个方面进行概述,旨在从转录后调控角度,建立营养物质与乳腺功能的联系,为未来相关研究提供参考。     

Protective influence of rosiglitazone against time‐dependent deterioration of boar spermatozoa preserved at 17°C

Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells, and energy metabolism plays an important role in modulating sperm viability and function. Rosiglitazone is an antidiabetic drug in the thiazolidinedione class that regulates metabolic flexibility and glucose uptake in various cell types, but its effects on boar sperm metabolism are unknown. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of rosiglitazone against time‐dependent deterioration of boar spermatozoa during liquid preservation at 17°C. Freshly ejaculated semen was diluted with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) containing different concentrations of rosiglitazone, and the motility, membrane and acrosome integrity of sperm were detected. Besides, we measured glucose uptake capacity, l ‐lactate production level, mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production of sperm after boar semen had been incubated with or without rosiglitazone, iodoacetate (glycolysis inhibitor) and rotenone (electron transport chain inhibitor) for 5 days. The addition of rosiglitazone significantly enhanced sperm quality and had a strong protective effect on the sperm membrane and acrosome integrity during storage. BTS containing 50 μM rosiglitazone maintained the total motility of liquid‐preserved sperm above 60% for 7 days. Rosiglitazone improved sperm quality by regulating energy metabolism manner of preserved sperm, protected the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced sperm ATP production and in the meanwhile reduced mROS through enhancing glycolysis but not oxidative phosphorylation. The data suggested the practical feasibility of using rosiglitazone for improving boar spermatozoa quality during semen preservation.