中草药验方对乏情母猪繁殖性能的影响

试验选择由卵巢机能失调、子宫炎、阴道炎为主要原因引起的乏情母猪,通过中草药制剂和西药促性腺激素进行催情治疗的效果比较。证实了中草药验方对乏情母猪具有较好的提高繁殖性能的作用。     

小麦TaPYL8基因的克隆与抗旱功能分析

脱落酸(ABA)信号通路在植物对干旱胁迫的响应中扮演着至关重要的角色;作为ABA受体,PYL家族蛋白在ABA信号转导中发挥核心作用。小麦TaPYL8是PYL家族的成员。为了明确TaPYL8是否参与小麦干旱胁迫响应,本研究分析了TaPYL8的表达模式,创建过表达TaPYL8拟南芥,并探讨了干旱对拟南芥生理生化及胁迫相关基因表达的影响。结果表明,TaPYL8表达量在干旱胁迫、外源ABA及PEG6000处理后上调。干旱胁迫下,过表达TaPYL8增强了拟南芥的存活率,降低了叶片失水率和MDA含量,提高了SOD、POD和CAT等抗氧化酶活性及AtSOD、AtP5CS1、AtABF3等胁迫相关基因的表达量。推测TaPYL8通过促进胁迫相关基因表达增强植物抗旱能力。     

Haemodynamic changes during sedation in ponies

The cardiovascular changes induced by several sedatives were investigated in five ponies with a subcutaneously transposed carotid artery by means of cardiac output determinations (thermodilution technique), systemic and pulmonary artery pressure measurements (direct intravascular method) and arterial blood analysis (blood gases and packed cell volume). The cardiovascular depression (decrease in systemic blood pressure and cardiac output) was long lasting (greater than 90 min) after administration of propionylpromazine (0.08 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.)) together with promethazine (0.08 mg/kg i.v.). The phenothiazine-induced sedation was not optimal. alpha 2-Agonists (xylazine (0.60 mg/kg i.v.) and detomidine (20 micrograms/kg i.v.)) induced initial but transient cardiovascular effects with an increase in systemic blood pressure and a decrease in cardiac output for about 15 min. Second degree atrioventricular blocks and bradycardia were seen during this period. The cardiovascular depression was more pronounced during detomidine sedation. Atropine (0.01 mg/kg i.v.) induced a tachycardia with a decrease in stroke volume but did not alter the cardiac output or other cardiovascular parameters. It prevented the occurrence of the bradycardia and heart blocks normally induced by xylazine or detomidine. Atropine potentiated the initial hypertension induced by the alpha 2-agonistic sedatives (especially detomidine). The decrease in cardiac output induced by xylazine, and to a lesser extent by detomidine, was partially counteracted when atropine was given in advance. The atropine-xylazine combination seemed the best premedication protocol before general anaesthesia as it only resulted in minor and transient cardiovascular changes.     

Brazilian foot and mouth disease status and meat exportation to the European Union

The aim of this study was to define the differences between the Brazilian states that export and do not export meat to the European Union (EU) and to identify the variables that are important to meet the export requirements. Infrastructure and computerization of the control of animal transit in Brazil that impact on regional health status were evaluated and linked to other variables such as status for foot and mouth disease (FMD) and qualification to export meat to EU. Variables related to transit control of bovines implemented by the state agencies of animal health and inspection in each Brazilian state were evaluated. Using a discriminant analysis, four variables were selected that explained the variation between Brazilian states that were “free” and “not free” of FMD while another four were selected to explain the variation between the zones “approved” and “not approved” to export meat to the EU, including number of official veterinarians, total transit of bovines and buffaloes, total number of animal transit certificates issued for bovine and buffaloes at the state or zone level, and total number of municipalities in the state or zone. It was possible to correctly discriminate between “free” and “not free” FMD states or zones. Variables related to animal transit are important in assessing the state for the classification of animal health situation and for EU approval for the exportation of meat.     

Short-wave solar radiation level willingly tolerated by lactating Holstein cows in an equatorial semi-arid environment

The amount of short-wave solar radiation willingly tolerated by lactating Holstein cows on pasture was determined in an equatorial semi-arid environment. The study was carried out on a dairy farm located in Limoeiro do Norte, CE, northeastern Brazil. The observed behaviours were as follows: grazing, under the sun, under the shade, standing, lying, ruminating, idling and wallowing in the water. The behaviours were recorded using instantaneous scan sampling at regular intervals of 15 min from 0600 to 1800 hours over 5 days. On all sampling days, the meteorological variables, including local short-wave solar radiation (R _S-W, W m^?2), were recorded. The R _S-W data were divided into five levels. The sun exposure was more frequent under low (100 %) and moderately low (97 %) levels, when R _S-W remained below 500 W m^?2. The grazing was more intense under low (100 %) and moderately low (93 %) levels. Above 500 W m^?2, the grazing time significantly decreased (11 %). The cows avoided grazing under high (0 %) and very high (0 %) levels, when R _S-W exceeded 700 W m^?2. The ruminating behaviour was more frequent under high (33 %) and very high (37 %) levels, in which the highest averages of R _S-W were recorded (815 and 958 W m^?2, respectively). The standing posture was more frequent under low (100 %) and moderately low (97 %) levels. Therefore, the critical R _S-W level that motivates cows to stop grazing and seek shade was in the interval between 500 and 700 W m^?2.     

Preputial fibroma in a gelding

An 11‐year‐old gelding presented with a large mass located in the dermis of his preputium that surrounded the penis completely. This mass was first noted years ago but did not increase in size. Histological examination diagnosed a fibroma. No treatment was initiated since no signs of discomfort were noticed and the gelding was performing at a high level in competitive showjumping. Next to skin tumours, tumours of the penis and preputium are most common. Most frequently, squamous cell carcinomas and sarcomas are diagnosed. Although fibromas can develop anywhere in connective tissue, a preputial location of a fibroma in a gelding is rare. Differential diagnosis and possible treatment options are discussed.     

Isolation,proliferation and characterization of endometrial canine stem cells

In the last decade, progenitor cells isolated from dissociated endometrial tissue have been the subject of many studies in several animal species. Recently, endometrial cells showing characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been demonstrated in human, pig and cow uterine tissue samples. The aim of this study was the isolation and characterization of stromal cells from the endometrium of healthy bitches, a tissue that after elective surgery is routinely discarded. Multipotent stromal cells could be isolated from all bitches enrolled in the study (n = 7). The multipotency of cells was demonstrated by their capacity to differentiate into adipocytic, osteocytic and chondrocytic lineages. Clonogenicity and cell proliferation ability were also tested. Furthermore, gene expression analysis by RT‐PCR was used to compare the expression of a set of genes (CD44, CD29, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD13, CD133, CD73, CD31 CD105, Oct4) with adipose tissue‐derived MSC. Stromal cells isolated from uterine endometrium showed similar morphology, ability of subculture and plasticity, and also expressed a panel of genes comparable with adipose tissue‐derived MSC. These data suggest that endometrial stromal cells fulfil the basic criteria proposed by the “Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy” for the identification of mesenchymal stem cells. Although endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSC) showed a lower replicative ability in comparison with adipose tissue‐derived MSC, they could be considered a cell therapeutic agent alternative to adipose tissue or bone marrow‐derived MSC in dog.     

鸡毒霉形体HS株pMGA多基因族序列分析

用限制性核酸内切酶对鸡毒霉形体(MG)HS株基因文库中经初步估测可能含有的4个鸡毒霉形体粘附蛋白(protein of Mycoplasma gallisepticum adhesin,pMGA)基因的MgW17重组质粒进行了不同组合的酶消化,根据消化片段的大小及酶切位点绘制了7.5kb外源片段的物理图谱;然后根据所得的物理图谱,选用Pst I和EcoR I将MgW17外源片段酶解成1.3、2.0、4.2 kb 3个部分,将它们分别亚克隆到SK(十)质粒上,得到了3个亚克隆子SGp100、SGp200、SGp300.使用核酸外切酶Ⅲ缺失法构建缺失子系列,经序列分析后得到MgW17外源片段的全部序列.序列全长7 434 bp,中间含有2个完整的pMGA基因和另2个不完整的pMGA基因的首部和尾部,分别将它们顺次命名为H-pMGA1.1、H-pMGA1.2、H-pMGA1.3和H pMGA1.4.2个完整的pMGA基因的阅读框长度分别为1 967 bp(1.2)和2039 bp(1.3);H-pMGA1.1首部不完整的阅读框的长度为720 bp,尾部不完整的H-pMGA1.4的长度为1 752 bp.将H-pMGA基因与已报道的MG.S6株、F株的pMGA基因进行了比较,探讨了pMGA基因在不同MG菌株中的相似性、基因启动子结构的差异、间隔区内GAA重复序列对转录调控的影响等.     

猪红细胞CD58分子协同NDⅣ疫苗免疫的佐剂效应

用从木瓜酶修饰的猪红细胞提取的 CD5 8分子 ,协同 ND 疫苗免疫 8日龄雏鸡 (分为试验 A组、对照 B组 ) ;用从正常猪红细胞提取的 CD5 8分子 ,协同 ND 疫苗免疫 18日龄雏鸡 (分为试验 C组、对照 D组 ) ,以β-微量法测定ND抗体效价 ,以 α-醋酸萘酯酶染色法检测鸡外周血 T细胞的变化 ,并分别用 NDV F4 8E9强毒株在免疫后 2 4 d攻击 A组和 B组鸡、39d攻击 C组和 D组鸡。结果表明 ,免疫前 ,8日龄雏鸡的 ND抗体效价为 2 5.8,18日龄雏鸡的 ND抗体均为阴性 ;免疫后 ,与对照 D组比较 ,试验 C组的 ND抗体提前 4 d达到 2 4 .8,并且试验 C组 ND抗体效价显著高于对照 D组 ( P<0 .0 1) ,保护期延长 ;试验 A组雏鸡体内 ND抗体变化和对照 B组相似 ,但试验 A组雏鸡外周血 T细胞数量显著高于对照 B组 ( P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 )。攻毒试验结果显示 ,试验 A组鸡死亡率为 33% ,对照 B组鸡死亡率为6 3% ;试验 C组鸡死亡率为 17% ,对照 D组鸡死亡率为 5 3%。本研究结果表明 ,猪红细胞 CD5 8分子具有较好的疫苗佐剂效应