Control of introduced mammalian predators improves kaka Nestor meridionalis breeding success: reversing the decline of a threatened New Zealand parrot

The kaka (Nestor meridionalis) is a threatened, endemic New Zealand parrot that is declining primarily because of predation by introduced mammals. Numbers of female kaka surviving to sexual maturity more than compensated for adult female mortality at three sites with predator control but not at three unmanaged sites. Nesting success at the sites with predator control was significantly greater (?80%) than at unmanaged sites (?38%) while predation on adult females was significantly less (5% c.f. 65%). Predation was the most common cause of nesting failure at all sites. Stoats (Mustela erminea) appeared to be the main predator, although evidence of possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) predation on eggs, nestlings and nesting females was also found. These results suggest that control of stoats and possums can potentially reverse the decline of the kaka on the main islands of New Zealand.     

Influence of Pre-Drying Treatments on Physico-Chemical and Phytochemical Potential of Dried mahua Flowers

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) flowers are boon for the local tribes of India and have been successfully utilized traditionally for the value addition, and are very...     

Monitoring long‐term changes in UK grey seal pup production

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Modelling the population size and dynamics of the British grey seal

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几种菊科植物杀菌活性的初步研究

以小麦赤霉病菌 (Gibberella zeae (schw.) Petch)、番茄灰霉病菌 (Botrytis cirerea Pers et Tris)、辣椒疫霉病菌 (Phytophthora capsici L eon)、苹果炭疽病菌 (Glomerella cingulata )、玉米大斑病菌 (Exserohilum turci-cum L eonard) 5种病原真菌为供试菌种 ,对菊科 15属 2 5种植物的丙酮提取液进行抑菌活性筛选。结果表明 ,除蒙山莴苣和千里光 2种植物外 ,其他 2 3种植物的提取液对至少 1种供试菌种有 6 0 %以上的抑制作用。臭蒿、大花金挖耳、猪毛蒿 3种植物提取液对 5种供试菌种的菌丝生长抑制率大于 70 %;大花金挖耳、猪毛蒿、天明精、苍耳、蓼子朴等 5种植物样品对 5种供试菌种的孢子萌发抑制率大于 93%;尤其是大花金挖耳、猪毛蒿 2种植物样品的提取液对 5种供试菌种的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制率均大于 70 %,值得进一步研究开发。     

用低KOH溶解度加拿大双低菜粕部分替代TMR日粮中豆粕对泌乳早期奶牛产奶量和奶成分的影响

中国是世界上最大的油菜籽生产国，近几年来每年的生产量在1100万～1200万t（Huang等，2005；Deng，2005等）。这就意味着每年有600万～700万t的菜粕和菜饼产量。普通菜粕常常被作为水产饲料的原料（10％～40％添加），但是在猪、鸡、肉牛和奶牛日粮中常常被限制利用。这主要是由于普通菜粕中高含量的硫代葡糖苷（40～180μmol／g）及其衍生产物（异硫氰酸酯和恶唑烷硫酮）影响适口性所导致。     

LysM-type mycorrhizal receptor recruited for rhizobium symbiosis in nonlegume Parasponia

Rhizobium-root nodule symbiosis is generally considered to be unique for legumes. However, there is one exception, and that is Parasponia. In this nonlegume, the rhizobial nodule symbiosis evolved independently and is, as in legumes, induced by rhizobium Nod factors. We used Parasponia andersonii to identify genetic constraints underlying evolution of Nod factor signaling. Part of the signaling cascade, downstream of Nod factor perception, has been recruited from the more-ancient arbuscular endomycorrhizal symbiosis. However, legume Nod factor receptors that activate this common signaling pathway are not essential for arbuscular endomycorrhizae. Here, we show that in Parasponia a single Nod factor-like receptor is indispensable for both symbiotic interactions. Therefore, we conclude that the Nod factor perception mechanism also is recruited from the widespread endomycorrhizal symbiosis.