渭南市渭北黄土高原沟壑区侧柏造林试验

在渭南市渭北黄土高原沟壑区进行了侧柏不同苗木类型、不同苗龄的造林效果对比试验研究,试验结果表明:在黄土高原干旱沟壑区造林宜选用定植培育1a、苗高0.8~1.0m的侧柏容器苗,较裸根苗可提高成活率37.3个百分点;选用定植培育2a、苗高1.8~2.0m的侧柏苗,要带直径和高度不小于20cm的土球,较不带土球苗提高成活率40个百分点;栽后截除苗木顶梢和茎干枝叶的一部分,较不截可提高栽植成活率26.8个百分点。     

CO2 elevation and soil warming reduce cold hardiness of jack pine under photoperiods of seed origin and latitudes of potential migration

New Forests - Climate change is predicted to cause northward migration of boreal tree species. However, the success of such a migration will be determined by trees’ ability to acclimate to...     

职业院校学生管理工作研究

随着职业教育的发展,职业院校的学生管理工作面临新的困难与挑战。本文客观分析当前形势下学生的现状、特点,指出陈旧管理观念、传统管理模式存在的问题,指明学生管理工作改革的必要性,提出了更新管理理念、加强队伍建设、改善管理方式等新思路、新措施,对新时期做好学生管理工作具有一定的指导意义。     

Molecular epidemiology of Newcastle disease viruses in Vietnam

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry in Southeast Asia. In the present study, 12 field isolates of NDV were recovered from dead village chickens in Vietnam between 2007 and 2012, and were characterized. All the field isolates were classified as velogenic. Based on the sequence analysis of the F variable region, two distinct genetic groups (Vietnam genetic groups G1 and G2) were recognized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the 12 field isolates fell into the class II genotype VII cluster. Ten of the field isolates, classified as Vietnam genetic group G1, were closely related to VIIh viruses that had been isolated from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Cambodia since the mid-2000s, while the other two field isolates, of Vietnam genetic group G2, clustered with VIId viruses, which were predominantly circulating in China and Far East Asia. Our results indicate that genotype VII viruses, especially VIIh viruses, are predominantly responsible for the recent epizootic of the disease in Vietnam.     

玉米不同生育期不同施氮量试验效果初报

针对百色市玉米氮肥施用不够合理,氮肥利用率偏低的问题,进行玉米不同生育期施用不同用量氮肥试验研究,考察施肥比例与产量的关系。试验设苗肥与穗肥施氮量比例分别为A(7:3)、B(6:4)、C(5:5)、D(4:6)、E(3:7)、CK(10:0)共6个处理。结果表明,处理B产量最高,即苗肥与穗肥施氮量比例为6:4产量最高,适宜百色市推广。     

Interface behavior of quaternized chitosan on cellulosic substrates

Quaternized chitosan (QCS) was prepared and its interface behavior on cellulosic substrates was investigated. FT-IR result indicated that quaternary ammonium groups were connected to -NH₂ in chitosan, and the highest degree of substitution (DS) of QCS was 80.0 %. The adsorption behavior of QCS was well performed on cellulosic substrates. The initial critical concentrations of QCS were between 10 mg/l and 20 mg/l, which were related to its DS and the weight average molecular weight (M _w ): the critical concentration decreased with the increasing DS of QCS, and the concentration increased when M _w increased. The results from SEM and particle size revealed that the flocculation took place mainly because the electrostatic interaction between cellulosic substrates and QCS, which can be accelerated by forming a charge patch. At last, QCS displayed high efficiency as a retention and drainage-aid agent through a Schopper-Riegler beating degrees tester.     

1989—2019年库布齐沙漠植被覆盖度的时空变化

[目的]探究库布齐沙漠近1989—2019年植被覆盖度的时空动态变化规律,为库布齐沙漠植被恢复及生态建设提供理论参考和基础数据。[方法]以1989—2019年每5 a为1期(共7期)的Landsat影像为数据源,结合归一化植被指数(NDVI)像元二分法模型,利用ENVI 5.3和ArcGIS 10.2分析库布齐沙漠1989—2019年植被覆盖度(FVC)时空动态变化特征。[结果](1)在时间变化上,近30 a间库布齐沙漠植被覆盖度整体呈增长趋势,平均植被覆盖度由0.104增长到0.243。在空间分布上,库布齐沙漠植被覆盖度呈现由西向东、向北增加的特征。(2)库布齐沙漠植被覆盖在1999—2004年和2009—2014年均呈现退化趋势,平均植被覆盖度分别减少0.053和0.054,退化面积分别为3 870.22和6 093.59 km~2,退化程度均以植被覆盖度减少10%～30%为主。[结论] 1989—2019年库布齐沙漠植被覆盖度总体有所改善,未来该区生态修复重点关注低植被覆盖区域。     

基于风洞试验的风沙区光伏阵列近地表形态变化规律研究

[目的] 研究库布齐沙漠中段沙区光伏阵列扰动下地表形态变化规律及其与风环境的关系,为科学制定沙区光伏电站次生风沙危害防治技术方案提供理论依据。[方法] 运用风洞试验方法,分析光伏阵列与风向之间夹角为0°,45°,90°,135°和180°时光伏阵列地表蚀积空间分布规律和地表形态剖面特征。[结果] 夹角为±90°时,迎风侧前两排电板区域地表蚀积变化表现为风蚀以中度和重度为主,堆积以轻度为主。第3—5排电板区域在前两排电板的遮蔽作用下风沙活动强度大幅降低。夹角为±45°时所有电板区域蚀积变化规律较为相似;45°时蚀积变化表现为风蚀以中度和重度为主,堆积以中度和轻度为主,小范围出现重度堆积现象;-45°时风蚀和堆积均表现为以轻度和中度为主。以8 m/s风速条件为例,不同夹角条件光伏阵列地表蚀积强度表现为：45°>90°>-45°>-90°>0°。夹角为0°时最小,蚀积变化极差仅为1.265 cm。夹角为45°时最大,蚀积变化极差可达5.429 cm。夹角绝对值相等符号相反风况条件下,夹角为正值相较负值时光伏阵列地表风沙活动更为强烈。夹角为45°时蚀积强度是夹角为-45°时的1.566倍,夹角为90°时则是夹角为-90°时的1.269倍。[结论] 沙区光伏阵列次生风沙危害的防治技术方案设计应充分考虑区域主害风向条件。     

新疆南疆一起猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的诊断

为了明确新疆南疆某猪场猪一起疫情发病原因,本研究采用发病情况调查、临床症状检查、病理学剖检、病理组织学观察和RT-PCR方法进行系统分析。结果诊断为该猪场猪感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒,且初步鉴定为高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征。该诊断结果为该场乃至新疆南疆猪病的诊断和防制提供一定的方法和指导意义。     

天津农业生态环境与经济增长关系的实证研究

基于Wackernagel提出的生态足迹方法,测算了1990～2011年间的天津农业生态足迹和农业生态承载力,建立了农业生态环境与经济增长间的回归模型,发现两者之间的关系与库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)形式相吻合.在此基础上,还探究了当前天津市经济发展与农业生态环境的阶段性特征,总结出相关结论.