那曲成年母牦牛的体重与体尺指标的相关与回归分析

[目的]指导西藏那曲成年母牦牛的实际生产及选育工作。[方法]以西藏那曲县测量的32组成年母牦牛相关数据为基础,分析了体重与体高、体长、胸围、管围的相关性,并建立了估测那曲成年母牦牛体重的回归模型。[结果]那曲成年母牦牛体重与体高、体长、胸围、管围相关系数分别为0.906、0.612、0.047、0.977,经检验,体高、管围与体重的相关系数达到极显著水平（P〈0.01）,体长与体重的相关系数达到显著水平（0.010.05）。得到了2个估测那曲成年母牦牛体重的回归模型,估测值与实测值之间的相关程度分别为0.989和0.977,达到极显著水平（P〈0.01）。[结论]那曲成年母牦牛体重与体高、体长、胸围、管围存在明显的线性相关。     

基于RS和GIS对龙凤湿地自然保护区景观格局变化特征定量分析

在RS和GIS技术支持下,选取了1979、1989、2001、2008年4个不同时期的遥感影像作为基本信息源,选取斑块数量(Np)、斑块总面积(CA)、斑块面积比(PL.A.N.D)、斑块密度(PD)、边界密度(ED)、最大斑块指数(LP.I)、景观形状指数(LS.I)、多样性指数(SH.D.I)、优势度(DI)、面积...     

短尾鮠细胞和精子的超微结构研究

用透射电镜观察了短尾鮠精子细胞和精子的形态以及细胞核、拟染色体和线粒体等的结构变化规律。结果表明，随着精子细胞的发育，核质凝聚程度逐渐增强。精子细胞时期细胞器较丰富，到精子细胞后期，细胞器的形态和数量发生了较大变化。短尾鮠的精子具有椭圆的头部和复杂的中片；近侧中心粒和远侧中心粒靠近核的中央；鞭毛呈9＋2轴丝结构，并具有由外膜折迭形成的波浪形的鳍状结构。     

牛结合珠蛋白α链单克隆抗体制备及辣根过氧化物酶标记

为了制备牛结合珠蛋白主要抗原区重组蛋白(pir Bo Hp)单克隆抗体及对其进行辣根过氧化物标记。试验利用纯化的pir Bo Hp作为免疫原,免疫雌性BALB/c小鼠,然后利用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,制备Bo Hp单克隆抗体。通过Western blot试验分析制备的Bo Hp单克隆抗体的免疫反应性;利用抗体亚型鉴定试剂盒,分析鉴定Bo Hp单克隆抗体的亚型和轻链型。利用改良过碘酸钠标记法,对制备的Bo Hp单克隆抗体进行辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记。结果显示,试验成功制备了4株Bo Hp单克隆抗体,分别命名为1B3、6D6、6D3和6B7。Western blot结果显示,制备的4株Bo Hp单克隆抗体1B3、6D6、6D3和6B7能识别牛血浆中天然Bo Hp的α链。进一步抗体亚型鉴定结果表明,1B3、6D6、6D3和6B7抗体亚型均为Ig G1,轻链型为kappa链。利用改良过碘酸钠标记法,对纯化的Bo Hp单克隆抗体1B3、6D6、6D3和6B7成功进行了HRP标记。Bo Hpα链单克隆抗体的制备及其HRP标记为Bo Hp特异性诊断方法的建立奠定了基础。     

人参皂苷Rd的理化性质及降解研究

采用RP-HPLC法和摇瓶法测定了人参皂苷Rd在水和不同pH介质中的平衡溶解度及其在正辛醇-水及各pH介质组成的体系中的表观油水分配系数(P_(app)),并考察了人参皂苷Rd在4个强降解条件下的降解情况。结果表明:在25℃时,人参皂苷Rd在水(pH 7.0)和不同pH(1.0,2.0,4.0,5.8,6.8,7.4)介质中的平衡溶解度依次为0.224,0.015,0.050,0.116,0.136,0.439,0.201 g/L;人参皂苷Rd在水中的Papp=32.45(lg Papp=1.51),在不同pH介质中的油水分配系数均接近或大于1;人参皂苷Rd在0.1 mol/L Na OH、0.1 mol/L HCl、70℃、0.3%H2O24个强降解条件下,放置7 d后的降解率分别为20.02%、88.53%、28.15%、69.81%。上述研究结果表明:人参皂苷Rd极微溶于水,脂溶性好,且不同的pH对其溶解度和Papp均具有较大影响,在碱和高温条件下较稳定,在酸和氧化条件下降解较快。     

景观规划控制构建城市特色研究

通过对欧美和日本等国景观规划控制的总结和我国景观规划控制现状的分析,促使在借鉴他国先进经验的基础上,结合我国实际情况,提出相应的手段与方法以提升我国景观规划控制水平,并展望新的目标,以有效保护和构建有特色的城市形象。     

拟垫跗螋生物学特性的研究

拟垫跗螋是为害造纸原料荻和芦的害虫（蚜虫、蓟马、螨等）的重要捕食性天敌。在湖南洞庭湖区一年发生２代，以成虫和若虫在残杆、渣叶和土缝中越冬。成虫寿命第１代约４个月，第２代连越冬达１０个月。雌雄性比约５４。雌雄均可多次交尾，有的雌虫产卵后又可交尾。每头雌虫的产卵量平均３９．３粒。卵期平均６．５天。若虫期第１代近４个月，第２代连越冬约９个月。大田消长主要受地势高低、洪水、农药、食物等因素影响。并对保护利用跗螋控制害虫的措施进行了讨论     

Effects of percutaneous liver biopsy in alpacas and llamas

OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in results of selected serum biochemical tests after a single percutaneous liver biopsy and changes in results of hematologic and selected serum biochemical tests after multiple percutaneous liver biopsies in alpacas and llamas. ANIMALS: 5 llamas and 10 alpacas. PROCEDURE: A single percutaneous liver biopsy was performed in 5 llamas and 6 alpacas. Blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, and 3 days after liver biopsy, and submitted for serum biochemical analysis. In the other 4 alpacas, liver biopsy was performed on day 0 and then weekly for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected at the time of each biopsy, and CBC and serum biochemical analyses were performed. Attitude and appetite of all animals were evaluated daily. RESULTS: None of the animals developed clinically apparent adverse effects. A mild decrease in sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was detected in animals that underwent a single liver biopsy, and mild decreases in plasma protein and albumin concentrations were detected in animals that underwent multiple biopsies. Other significant changes were not detected. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggest that liver biopsy is safe in healthy llamas and alpacas and that, if necessary, multiple weekly liver biopsies can be performed safely in healthy alpacas.     

磷肥用量对甜玉米磷素吸收利用的影响

Understanding the phosphorus (P) absorption mechanism is the premise for high P utilization and high crop yield. In this study, the effects of different P rates (0, 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 kg hm^-2, expressed as P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively) on sweet corn yield, biomass and P accumulation and tissue distribution, P transportation and P utilization were studied using a two-year P gradient positioning field experiment. Our results showed that P application significantly increased the fresh ear yield of sweet corn, but the yield difference among different P application rates (P1-P4) was not significant from 2018 to 2019 compared with P0 treatment. P application significantly increased the biomass and P accumulation of sweet corn plants at jointing, silking and fresh eating stages, respectively. In addition, P accumulation in grain was not significant different, which accounting for 42% of plant P accumulation. With P application, the contribution rate of P assimilation to the ear P accumulation was 57.3%-93.0% after anthesis, while the fresh ear yield per P accumulation, P physiological efficiency, agronomic efficiency, recovery efficiency and partial productivity decreased with P rates. Considering the yield and utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer, the supply of 37.5 kg hm^-2 of phosphate fertilizer can meet the needs of high yield and efficient utilization of phosphate fertilizer in sweet corn in this experiment.     

Characterization of a plasmid-encoded adhesin of an avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain isolated from a case of swollen head syndrome (SHS)

An avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain designated SHS4, isolated from a chicken with clinical signs of swollen head syndrome (SHS), adhered to but did not invade Hep-2 and tracheal epithelial cells. The PCR amplified fimA, csgA and tsh gene sequences. It produced Ia, Ib, E1, E3, K, and B colicins, but not colicin V and aerobactin. It harboured two plasmids of 60 and 98MDa and was resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline. Conjugation with a nalidixic acid (Na) resistant K-12 recipient strain (MS101) showed that the 98MDa plasmid did not transfer, whereas transfer of the 60MDa plasmid resulted in concomitant transfer of adhesion to Hep-2 and tracheal epithelial cells, production of the colicins Ia, E1, E3, and K, and the tsh-related DNA sequence. Transposon (TnphoA) mutagenesis of strain TR4 gave rise to strain Mut23, which lost its adhesive capacities, but was still able to express the same colicins as did strain TR4. PCR was able to amplify the tsh-related DNA sequence in this strain and a molecular probe based on transposon TnphoA indicated that the transposon was inserted in the 60MDa plasmid. Based on these results, we suggest that the 60MDa plasmid have adhesion genes, which may be responsible for the initial colonization of the upper respiratory tract of chickens.