基于GWAS后分析策略研究TRAPPC9基因对奶牛产奶性状的遗传效应

本研究基于课题组前期对北京地区中国荷斯坦牛群体产奶性状全基因组关联分析结果,在新的中国荷斯坦牛群中将转运蛋白颗粒复合体9(TRAPPC9)基因作为产奶性状的候选基因进行遗传效应验证。研究利用混池测序寻找SNPs位点,结合前期GWAS结果筛选到的SNPs位点,进而分析这些多态性位点与中国荷斯坦牛产奶性状的相关性。结果发现,SNP1、SNP2位点对乳蛋白率和乳糖率效应均显著(P0.05);SNP3位点对乳脂率和乳蛋白率的效应均极显著(P0.01);SNP4位点对乳脂率有极显著影响(P0.01);SNP5位点对乳脂率和乳糖率的效应显著(P0.05)。同时发现TRAPPC9基因的表达量对产奶性状也有显著影响(P0.05),而TRAPPC9基因启动子区DNA甲基化对产奶性状无直接显著影响。该结果进一步表明,TRAPPC9基因可以考虑作为分子遗传标记应用于中国荷斯坦牛产奶性状的标记辅助选择。     

观赏植物菌根真菌多样性研究进展

菌根真菌具有丰富遗传多样性、形态多样性、物种多样性、生态系统多样性和功能多样性。而观赏植物是重要的依赖菌根真菌的植物类群,对于美化环境、改善生态条件、促进经济发展等方面均具有重要价值,人们给予了众多研究,其中,观赏植物菌根真菌多样性研究表明观赏植物菌根真菌具有丰富的形态、物种和功能多样性。本文系统总结了国内外观赏植物菌根真菌多样性研究所取得的成果、存在的问题,并探讨了今后研究方向,旨在为进一步开展观赏植物菌根研究与应用提供依据。     

不同稻作方式下武运粳30号的高产栽培技术

武运粳30号是江苏(武进)水稻研究所育成的一个早熟晚粳新品种,该品种具有高产、优质、抗病、抗倒性强等优点。本文介绍了武运粳30号的特征特性,并详细阐述了该品种在两种不同稻作方式下的栽培技术措施,望对农户生产有所帮助。     

加强综合管理 提高仔兔成活率

仔兔的适应能力和抵抗力都较差,饲养管理稍有不慎,都会造成仔兔的死亡,从而降低养兔的经济效益。综述了母兔产前准备及产后的管理,认为加强母兔的饲养管理是养好仔兔的基础以及提高仔兔成活率的保障。     

Association analysis for detecting significant single nucleotide polymorphisms for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance at the seedling stage in soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.]

Tolerance to low-phosphorus soil is a desirable trait in soybean cultivars. Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance were mainly derived from bi-parental segregating populations and few reports from natural population. The objective of this study was to detect QTLs that regulate phosphorus-deficiency tolerance in soybean using association mapping approach. Phosphorus-deficiency tolerance was evaluated according to five traits (plant shoot height, shoot dry weight, phosphorus concentration, phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency) comprising a conditional phenotype at the seedling stage. Association mapping of the conditional phenotype detected 19 SNPs including 13 SNPs that were significantly associated with the five traits across two years. A novel cluster of SNPs, including three SNPs that consistently showed significant effects over two years, that associated with more than one trait was detected on chromosome 3. All favorable alleles, which were determined based on the mean of conditional phenotypic values of each trait over the two years, could be pyramided into one cultivar through parental cross combination. The best three cross combinations were predicted with the aim of simultaneously improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency. These results will provide a thorough understanding of the genetic basis of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in soybean.     

基于EST-SSR和SNP标记的大麦麦芽纯度检测

大麦麦芽作为啤酒酿造的主要原料之一,其纯度决定了麦芽原料的均一性,进而影响加工工艺和啤酒品质。为高效准确地鉴定麦芽纯度,在啤酒企业进行麦芽原料采购和质量监测时提供参考依据。本研究分别利用EST-SSR和SNP标记定性检测了按比例预混的麦芽样品纯度,并利用SNP标记定量检测了4份送检的麦芽盲样纯度。结果表明,EST-SSR标记能定性检测混杂度高于10%的麦芽样品,而SNP标记能够有效鉴定混杂度低至5%的麦芽样品。SNP标记对纯度定量检测的单次抽样的测定值与真实值之间的误差在3%以内。比较发现,本研究所用的两类分子标记均可用于麦芽样品的纯度检测,但基于KASP技术的SNP标记可以满足麦芽纯度的快速定量检测需要。     

Identification and Molecular Characteristics Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Variants

To ascertain a diarrhea case in a pig farm in Shandong province,the pathological changes of dead piglets were observed and nested RT-PCR test was carried out on 7 diarrhea samples for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV).Pathological examination revealed that intestine was detected as enlargement,hyperemia and edema.After histological examination,the typical microscopic lesions of intestine were disappearance of epithelial cells,villus shrinkage and shortening.The result of nested RT-PCR showed that all of the 7 samples could amplify a specific target band of PEDV.Molecular characteristics of two field strains showed that they had an amino acid homology of 92.3% to 92.4% with vaccine CV777 and 96.6% to 98.6% with other previous field strains which sequences were downloaded from GenBank.Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that all of PEDV strains could be mainly divided into two clusters of G1 and G2. G2 consisted of the field strains of our study and other field strains from USA,China and so on,which had the same sequence characteristics of two insertions and one deletion,while G1 consisted of all vaccines of CV777 and several older field strains from China and Korea.These results indicated that our field strains were the dominant strains in recent epidemic diarrhea occurrence.Moreover,its molecular characteristics might be a characterization of differentiating the field and vaccine strains.     

新时期农业生产中计算机信息技术的应用

计算机信息技术在农业生产范畴的应用,极大程度上催生了农业生产模式的变更,使得农业生产现代化规模持续扩大,更加吻合经济市场实际需求,是新时期农业发展的重要创新。立足于新时期计算机信息技术应用于农业生产范畴的背景轨迹,探讨了农业生产范畴应用计算机信息技术的实际优势,剖析了计算机信息技术的农业应用层次,以期进一步优化农业生产效率,推进农业科技创新,助推我国农业持续稳定健康发展。     

PEG模拟干旱胁迫下3种鄂尔多斯常见植物萌发期抗旱性评价

以聚乙二醇溶液(PEG-6000)为渗透介质模拟干旱条件,在12个水势梯度下,研究了干旱胁迫对木地肤、狭叶锦鸡儿和白沙蒿3种植物种子萌发的影响。结果表明,随着PEG-6000浓度的增大,3种植物的发芽率均呈现出明显的下降趋势;而较低浓度的PEG溶液可以对种子萌发产生促进和"刺激"的效果,加快种子萌发的速度,刺激初生根的生长,从而对发芽指数和萌发抗旱指数产生一定的影响。利用隶属函数综合评价3种植物在种子萌发期间的抗旱性,结果为木地肤>白沙蒿>狭叶锦鸡儿。