ADSORPTION OF PHOSPHATE BY VARIOUS OXIDES: THEORETICAL TREATMENT OF THE ADSORPTION ENVELOPE

An explanation is put forward for the shape of adsorption envelopes found for phosphate adsorption by various metallic oxides. The equation x_m= C₁ (μH₃PO⁴⁺μ∑anions) is proposed, where μH₃pO₄ is the chemical potential of undissociated H₃PO₄; μ∑anions is the chemical potential of all phosphate anions considered as one. component; C₁ is a constant that includes influences of surface charge, chemical affinity of the metal for phosphate, specific surface area, etc., and x_mis the calculated Langmuir maximum adsorption of P at each pH. The dependence of C₁ on the metal present in the oxide is shown.     

A Case of Bovine Linear Keratosis

Résumé— Cet article décrit un cas de nevus épidermique linéaire unilatéral chez un veau de six mois. Histologiquement, les lésions consistaient en une alternance de zones d'hiper et de parakératose avec une inflammation dermique distincte. Le diagnostic de nevus linéaire inflammatoire a été posé sur la base des lésions macro et microscopiques. [Deprez, P., De Coole, H., Sustronk, B., Muille, E., Ducatelle, R. A case of bovine linear keratosis (A propos d'un cas de kératose linéaire chez un bovin).
Resumen— En este artículo se describe un caso de nevos epidérmicos lineares unilaterales en un bo vino de seis meses de edad. Las lesiones histológicas consistian zonas donde se alternaba hiper i paraqueratosis, mientras que la dermis presentaba una marcada inflamación. Se diagnosticó un nevo epidérmico verrucoso linear e inflamatorio a partir de las lesiones clinicas e histopatológicas [A case of bovine linear keratosis (Un caso de queratosis linear bovina).
Abstract— This report describes a case of unilateral linear epidermal nevi in a 6-month-old bovine. Histologicalli, the lesions consisted of alternating areas of hiper- and parakeratosis with a distinct dermal inflammation. A diagnosis of inflammatori linear verrucous epidermal nevus was made based on the clinical and histopathological lesions.     

Prostatic adenocarcinoma in a cat

Prostatic adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in an 11-year-old neutered cat. Clinical signs of the disease included hematuria and a mass in the caudal portion of the abdomen. Prostatectomy was performed. Doxorubicin was administered IV at a dosage of 30 mg/m2 of body surface, followed by cyclophosphamide (300 mg/m2, IV). After 4 treatments, low urine specific gravity and proteinuria developed, and treatment was discontinued. The cat was euthanatized 10 months after surgery because of recurrence of the neoplasm. Necropsy revealed metastasis to the lungs and pancreas.     

A genetic description of two selected strains of rabbits

Two strains of rabbits (strains 1077 and 2066) have been selected since 1974 for increased litter size. Each strain is split into a fixed number of reproduction groups. The mating scheme is similar to random non-sib herd mating. The number of animals per generation is higher in strain 1077 (28 mated bucks and 104 mated does) than in strain 2066 (17 and 59, respectively). The increase of the inbreeding coefficient is higher in strain 2066 than in strain 1077 (27 and 21%, respectively, at generation 20). The mean standard deviation of the individual inbreeding coefficients per generation is low (less than 4%) in both strains. Short-term inbreeding is stable over generations. The observed inbreeding effective size Ne _f and the observed familial structure effective size Ne _h converge to the same value. The number of founder genomes still present in the genetic pool of the generation decreases regularly: from 5.6 to 2.4 between G6 and G20 for strain 1077. It is a bit lower over time for strain 2066 (from 5.7 to 1.9 between G6 and G20). The effective number of founders is nearly twice as small as the total number: 30 for strain 1077 and 15 for strain 2066. The effective number of major ancestors decreases slightly in strain 1077 (13.6 in G6 and 12.9 in G20) and regularly in strain 2066 (13.8 in G6 and 9.4 in G20).     

Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone in the cow

Phenylbutazone was administered orally and intravenously at a dose of 5 mg/kg to healthy cows and to cows positive for bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). Pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were investigated. No differences were seen in the parameters between the healthy and BLV positive animals. The biological half-lives ranged from 31.4 to 82.1 h after intravenous administration and from 38.6 to 78.2 h after oral administration. The mean value of the apparent volume of distribution was 0.09 litres/kg. Total body clearance ranged from 0.78 to 1.94 ml/kg/h. The average systemic availability was 67.5% with a wide variation among the animals (range 41.9–95.5%). Based on the disposition kinetics and on the therapeutic concentration range suggested in man, an oral loading dose ranging from 10 to 20 mg/kg and a daily maintenance dose ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg/kg can be proposed.     

Fiber Types Distribution in the Digastric Muscle of Tufted Capuchin Monkey (Cebus apella)

Fiber types distribution in the diagastric muscle of tufted capuchin monkey was studied by means of NADH-TR, myosin-ATPase, after alkaline and acid preincubations and SDH histochemical reactions. Three different types of fibers were found presenting an equal distribution. The percentage and types of fibers were as follow: 18.2 % SO (Slow Oxydative), 38.4 % FOG (Fast Oxydative Glycolytic) and 43.4 % FG (Fast Glycolytic). FG fibers revealed the largest area. The relatively high concentration of fast twitch (81.2 %) seems to indicate this muscle is involved with the acceleration and fast speed of jaw movements. Aerobic metabolism represented by SO + FOG fibers (56.6 %) suggestes that this muscle possesses an additional role than that related to the lowering of the jaw.     

Influence of inflammation on serum concentration, molecular heterogeneity and drug binding properties of canine alpha–1–acid glycoprotein

The concentration and the heterogeneity of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (alpha-1-AGP) and oxprenolol binding were determined in serum of healthy dogs and dogs with inflammatory disease. In inflammation, an increase in the mean alpha-1-AGP concentration from 0.47 to 2.85 g/l was accompanied by a reduction in the mean free oxprenolol fraction from 25% to 6%. alpha-1-AGP concentration and oxprenolol binding were inversely correlated. The heterogeneity of canine alpha-1-AGP remained essentially unchanged in dogs with inflammation and, in both these dogs and the controls, between five and seven forms with different isoelectric points and one single concanavalin A-reactive form were detected. It is concluded that in dogs, as in humans, oxprenolol binds to serum alpha-1-AGP. Changes in serum binding of oxprenolol during inflammation result from a change in the serum concentration of alpha-1-AGP rather than a change of molecular heterogeneity.     

Toxicosis in newborn pigs associated with cutaneous application of an aerosol spray containing chlorpyrifos

Weakness, lethargy, ataxia, lateral recumbency, limb paddling, tremors, salivation, and diarrhea were observed in newborn pigs on a commercial swine farm. Many pigs became moribund and died. All had been treated with an aerosol wound spray containing 2.5% chlorpyrifos. A controlled study was undertaken to determine whether the aerosol spray was the cause of these clinical signs. Pigs exposed to aerosol spray containing 2.5% chlorpyrifos at 3 hours (n = 4) and 6 hours (n = 3) after birth developed clinical signs similar to those on the farm; none survived. Pigs exposed at 24 hours (n = 5) after birth developed clinical signs consistent with those that had developed in pigs on the farm; 3 died and 2 survived. Of 3 pigs exposed to the same spray at 36 hours after birth, 1 developed tremors 7.5 hours later and diarrhea 9 hours later, then returned to normal.