A comparison of the duration and quality of recovery from isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane anaesthesia in dogs undergoing magnetic resonance imaging

ObjectiveTo compare the recovery after anaesthesia with isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane in dogs undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain.Study designProspective, randomized clinical trial.AnimalsThirty‐eight dogs weighing 23.7 ± 12.6 kg.MethodsFollowing pre‐medication with meperidine, 3 mg kg^?1 administered intramuscularly, anaesthesia was induced intravenously with propofol (mean dose 4.26 ± 1.3 mg kg^?1), the trachea was intubated, and an inhalational anaesthetic agent was administered in oxygen. The dogs were randomly allocated to one of three groups: group I (n = 13) received isoflurane, group S (n = 12) received sevoflurane and group D (n = 13) received desflurane. Parameters recorded included cardiopulmonary data, body temperature, end‐tidal anaesthetic concentration, duration of anaesthesia, and recovery times and quality. Qualitative data were compared using chi‐squared and Fisher's exact tests and quantitative data with anova and Kruskal–Wallis test. Post‐hoc comparisons for quantitative data were undertaken with the Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsThe duration of anaesthesia [mean and standard deviation (SD)] in group I was: 105.3 (27.48) minutes, group S: 120.67 (19.4) minutes, and group D: 113.69 (26.68) minutes (p = 0.32). Times to extubation [group I: 8 minutes, (interquartile range 6–9.5), group S: 7 minutes (IQR 5–7), group D: 5 minutes (IQR 3.5–7), p = 0.017] and to sternal recumbency [group I: 11 minutes (IQR 9.5–13.5), group S: 9.5 minutes (IQR 7.25–11.75), group D: 7 minutes (range 3.5–11.5), p = 0.048] were significantly different, as were times to standing. One dog, following sevoflurane, had an unacceptable quality of recovery, but most other recoveries were calm, with no significant difference between groups.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAll three agents appeared suitable for use. Dogs’ tracheas were extubated and the dogs recovered to sternal recumbency most rapidly after desflurane. This may be advantageous for animals with some neurological diseases and for day case procedures.     

Characterization of Functional Properties of Gluten Proteins in Spelt Cultivars Using Rheological and Quality Factor Measurements

Wet glutens of 27 European spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta (L.) Thell.) cultivars were examined using fundamental rheological methods (oscillatory and creep tests) in conjunction with the determination of moisture contents of these glutens and the wet gluten contents of the flours. Furthermore, SDS sedimentation volumes were determined. A special baking test for spelt was developed that encompassed the characteristic elements used in the production of traditional German spelt speciality breads. Various significant correlations between gluten properties and baking results were found for three sets of spelt cultivars obtained from different demographic locations and years of harvest. Furthermore, the relationship between baking results (response) and gluten properties (predictors) could be modeled quite well with the help of multiple linear regression analysis. Radar charts used to profile the gluten properties of a particular cultivar showed a great amount of diversity within the spelt material, but there were also similarities between several cultivars. The differences between spelt cultivars should be taken into account when characterizing spelt in general terms or when comparing spelt and modern wheat.