野败型不育系水稻畸形籽粒形成原因的探讨

 野败型不育系水稻的开闭颖时间长，不闭颖率高，由不闭颖颖花发育而成的颖果由于受到阳光的直接照射，果皮的生长和胚乳细胞的分裂都受到抑制，籽粒含水量过早降低，引起早衰。这不仅使粒重降低，空瘪率增加，而且使这些颖果都长成畸形的尖头米。如给不闭颖颖花套上锡箔纸袋遮光保湿，能使颖果发育良好，米粒长出颖壳，粒重增加一倍。     

里岔黑猪保种及利用现状

详细介绍了里岔黑猪的基本特征,通过对里岔黑猪的保种措施、开发利用和保护对策等方面的阐述,了解了该猪的保种以及分析了当前的利用现状,使人们认识到里岔黑猪是优秀的地方品种,以期加强对我国优良地方品种资源的保护意识,并付诸于实践。     

阿散酸和洛克沙生对猪的促生长效果试验

为验证阿散酸和洛克沙生用于生长猪的效果,于1995年4月18日至5月4日在开封进行试验.试验分3组,对照组喂基础日粮,试一组加入阿散酸70mg/kg,试二组加入洛克沙生30mg/kg.选择日龄相近的健康杜长大三元杂交猪42头,随机分为3组,每组14头.每组一栏.不限量饲喂,自由饮水.预试1周后进入试验,正试17d.结果表明,阿散酸和洛克沙生组日增重分别比对照组提高14.2%和11.5%,每千克增重分别少耗料0.79kg和0.48kg.     

异育银鲫细菌性败血病病原体的微生物学诊断及毒力、药敏实验

对合肥市某养殖基地发病的10余只异育银鲫的临床观察,经病原体分离培养与生理生化鉴定,结果初步表明,该病病原体为嗜水气单胞菌.分离菌对多种抗菌素有敏感性.毒力实验证实,分离菌对小白鼠具有致病性.     

小麦耐旱品种籽粒灌浆特性的研究

本文研究了旱地条件下不同小麦品种籽粒灌浆进程模型及灌浆特性与粒重、籽粒饱满度的关系。结果表明，小麦灌浆期间籽粒干物质积累以ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ曲线递增，籽粒含水量呈直线下降，灌浆速度的变化为单峰曲线。旱地条件下的籽粒灌浆速度较水浇地上升得快、高峰期提前。灌浆中前期灌浆速度的快慢在很大程度上决定了粒重的高低，开花后８～１７ｄ灌浆速度快的品种千粒重高。在粒重相近的情况下，平均灌浆速度快的品种籽粒饱满度好。灌浆中后期品种间籽粒含水量差异较大，籽粒含水量高者其饱满度差。因此，选育小麦耐旱品种，应以选择灌浆中前期灌浆速度快、后期脱水较迅速的材料力宜。     

Polyhydroxy p-Terphenyls from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus candidus LDJ-5

Six undescribed polyhydroxy p-terphenyls, namely asperterphenyllins A–F, were isolated from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus candidus LDJ-5. Their structures were determined by NMR and MS data. Differing from the previously reported p-terphenyls, asperterphenyllin A represents the first p-terphenyl dimer connected by a C-C bond. Asperterphenyllin A displayed anti-influenza virus A (H1N1) activity and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 53 μM and 21 μM, respectively. The anti-influenza virus A (H1N1) activity and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity of p-terphenyls are reported for the first time. Asperterphenyllin G exhibited cytotoxicity against nine cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.4 to 1.7 μM. Asperterphenyllin C showed antimicrobial activity against Proteus species with a MIC value of 19 μg/mL.     

东北三省和浙江木耳稳定同位素特征与产地溯源

为探究稳定同位素在黑木耳产地溯源中的可行性,本研究从东北(黑龙江、吉林、辽宁)、浙江产地采集74份代表性黑木耳样品,从新疆采集11份代表性黑木耳样品作为外部验证,采用元素分析-稳定同位素比率质谱仪测定δ¹³C、δ¹⁵N、δ²H、δ¹⁸O值,结合化学计量学方法进行产地溯源判定。结果表明,东北黑木耳δ¹³C、δ¹⁵N、δ²H、δ¹⁸O值分别为-24.5‰～-22.7‰、-0.9‰～3.1‰、-62.2‰～-34.6‰、15.9‰～19.4‰;浙江黑木耳δ¹³C、δ¹⁵N、δ²H、δ¹⁸O值分别为-26.2‰～-24.5‰、-0.9‰～1.2‰、-24.9‰～-9.0‰、19.9‰～22.2‰,两产地黑木耳δ¹⁵N值差异不显著(P>0.05),δ¹³C、δ²H和...     

Salt Stress Induces Accumulation of γ–Aminobutyric Acid in Germinated Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.)

Effects of NaCl treatments on sprout length, the contents of soluble protein, free amino acids, and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and on glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity in germinated foxtail millet were investigated, and the regulating effects of exogenous Ca²⁺, along with lanthanum chloride (LaCl₃, a specific inhibitor of the Ca²⁺ pathway) and ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA, a chelator of Ca²⁺) under salt stress, on GABA accumulation in germinated millet were examined in this paper. The results showed that NaCl treatments caused a decrease in sprout length of millet. Low concentration of NaCl treatments increased soluble protein content, but high concentration decreased soluble protein content. The level of free amino acids, GAD activity, and GABA content increased significantly under NaCl stress. Exogenous Ca²⁺ application under NaCl stress further increased GAD activity and GABA content; the optimal concentration of Ca²⁺ for GAD activity and GABA accumulation was 5.0mM under 100mM NaCl for 48 hr, at which GABA content was 31.92 mg/100 g, a 1.41‐fold increase as compared with that in seeds under NaCl stress (22.64 mg/100 g). GAD activity and GABA accumulation in germinated millet decreased when treated with LaCl₃ or EGTA under NaCl stress. Our results suggest that salt stress combined with Ca²⁺ treatment may be used for preparation of millet with higher GABA content, which can be used as a natural resource for functional foods.     

大豆蛋白质含量遗传变异特点及早世代选择效果的研究

利用５个亲本配制了３个杂交组合，研究其杂种后代Ｆ２－Ｆ４代蛋白质含量遗传变异的特点及早世代分组选择的效果。结果表明：（１）大豆蛋白质含量以基因的加性效应为主；但也存在一定的显性效应。（２）相关分析显示，中亲与后代的相关值比父本或母本与后代的相关值高，世代间的相关显著，相关值以邻近世代间较高；（３）蛋白质含量总的变异趋势是：组合间＞家系间＞家系内单株间；（４）在大豆杂交组合的早世代对单株蛋白质含量进行选择是有效的，而在Ｆ２的选择较在以后世代中选择更为有效。     

白鸡腰子温带野生果树植物资源

白鸡腰子屑温带气候，在低地落叶阔叶树混交林带和红松混交林带中具有种类繁多的野生果树植物资源。作者研究了25种果实可以鲜食的主要温带野生果树，包括其生活型、果实风味、大小，形态和花期、果期等。指出了部分果树可以栽培并在温带地区推广，同时，还简述了主要野生果树的民间利用方式；指出了由于清林、种参和森林减少，使资源正受到威胁，建议加强驯化研究和保护。