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71.
Juvenile rainbow trout, held at 12°C on a 12 h light :12 h dark photocycle, were fed a constant ration (1 % of body wt day ?1) of isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets that varied in either arginine content (3.6-56.1 g kg?1 dry matter; experiment 1), or glycine (3.3–118 g kg?1 dry matter) and alanine (5.0-42.3 g kg?1 dry matter) content (experiment 2). In experiment 1, the lowest dietary level of arginine depressed growth, feed efficiency, plasma l -thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3′-triiodo-l -thyronine (T3) levels and hepatic T4 5’monodeiodinase (5'D) activity responsible for T4-to-T3 conversion. Over the dietary range of 7.1–56.1 g arginine kg?1, there was no change in 5'D activity, despite an arginine stimulation of growth. The optimum level of arginine for growth was within the range of 14.1–28.1 g kg?1 of the diet or 32–63 g kg?1 of dietary protein. In experiment 2, an increase in dietary glycine level, at the expense of glutamic acid, increased 5'D activity without attendant elevation of the plasma T3 level. The latter finding suggests that glycine also induced a compensatory increase in T3 degradation rate. This may explain why the glycine-induced increase in 5'D activity was unaccompanied by any changes in growth indices. Alteration of dietary alanine content did not affect growth or thyroid function. We conclude that of the various dietary amino acids tested, only glycine led to a progressive stimulation of hepatic T4 5'D activity. However, because glycine likely enhanced T3 degradation, no increases in plasma T3 or growth indices were found. Glycine may serve as an advance signal that activates thyroid function immediately preceding or coincident with energy and nutrient (especially protein) intake. This, in turn, may improve the efficiency of nutrient absorption and/or post-absorptive anabolic events. 相似文献
72.
Abstract. Four bacteria commonly associated with diseases of fish ( Aeromonas hydrophila complex, Aeromonas salmonicida, Flexibacter columnaris -like organisms and Pseudomonas fluorescens ) were evaluated in a serial dilution system for susceptibility to four antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of bacterial fish diseases (chloramphenicol, erythromycin, furpyrinol and oxytetracycline). Findings were expressed as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Furpyrinol was found to have the lowest MIC and MBC against A. hydrophila complex, A. salmonicida and F. columnaris-like organisms. MIC and MBC's for oxytetracycline were complicated by the presenceof R-plasmids, but were less than 4.0 mcg/ml for those without plasmids. Pseudomonas fluorescens was susceptible only to oxytetracycline. MIC for all groups of organisms using chloramphenicol was generally less than 16.0 mcg/ml. Susceptibility to erythromycin by these groups of organisms was greater than 16 mcg/ml. 相似文献
73.
Abstract. Five fish cell lines (CHSE-214, STE-137, RTG-2, EPC and FHM) were compared for sensitivity to infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) from samples obtained from naturally-infected fish. Infectious ovarian fluids were obtained from steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, at the Round Butte Hatchery in central Oregon and tissue homogenates were prepared from chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), alevins during an IHN virus epizootic at the Elk River Hatchery in coastal Oregon. The only lines to show characteristic viral cytopathology by plaque or end-point dilution assay for the steelhead trout virus isolate were the EPC and FHM cell lines. The chinook salmon isolates produced CPE in CHSE-214, STE-137, FHM and EPC cells. The titre of the salmon virus isolate was 10-50-fold higher on FHM and EPC cells by both assay methods. Neither by end-point nor plaque assay did the Round Butte or Elk River isolates produce CPE on RTG-2 cells. With both virus isolants both cell lines showed that greater sensitivity was obtained with plaque assay than with end-point titration. Pre-treatment of the cells with the polycation, polybrene, did not increase the virus titre in either assay. However, a transient enhancement in virus titre was observed in polybrene-treated STE-137 and CHSE-214 cells. 相似文献
74.
Resection and anastomosis of the small colon was performed on 4 horses with vascular lesions (strangulating lipoma, mesenteric tear, dissecting haematoma) or functional obstruction (stricture) of this area of the bowel. The anastomoses were performed using a variety of suture materials in 2 layers. An appositional, full-thickness, simple, interrupted pattern was used in the first layer in all cases and oversewn with either a Cushing pattern (3 cases) or a Utrecht pattern (1 case). Post-operative complications associated with suture material and surgical technique were not seen. All horses were discharged from the hospital and all were alive more than one year after discharge. 相似文献
75.
Robert B. Duncan JR DVM PHD Jeryl C. Jones DVM PHD H. David Moll DVM MS Martha M. Moon DVM MS Dennis J. Blodgett DVM PHD Michael R. Vaughan PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(1):31-36
Congenital hyperplastic goiter and cretinism were documented in a 16 month-old male North American black bear (Ursus americanus). The cub was captured at approximately 8 months of age and maintained for an additional 8 months in captivity. Clinical signs included growth retardation, clumsiness, and facial dysmorphism. Hypothyroidism was documented by determining serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels. Lysosomal storage disease was ruled out by measuring various lysosomal enzyme activities. Serologic, radiographic, computed tomographic, necropsy, and histopathologic findings were consistent with congenital hypothyroidism and cretinism. 相似文献
76.
LUISITO S. PABLO DVM MS Diplomate ACVA ALISTAIR I. WEBB BVSC PhD FRCVS Diplomate ACVA WALTER T. McNICHOLAS JR DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(6):531-534
The effects of intravenously administered atropine (0.2 mg/kg) and glycopyrrolate (0.01 mg/kg) on heart rate were studied in 10 conscious mature goats. In a drug cross-over fashion, either atropine, glycopyrrolate, or 0.9% saline solution was administered using the same volume (0.05 mL/kg). Atropine and glycopyrrolate caused a significant increase in heart rate ( P <.05), whereas saline solution (0.09%) did not. The mean percent changes in heart rate from baseline were similar for atropine and glycopyrrolate up to 14 minutes after administration. Thereafter, glycopyrrolate had a significantly greater mean change in heart rate than atropine, ie, up to 29 minutes ( P <.05). Within the atropine group, the mean percentage changes in heart rate became significantly lower compared with the initial increase (1 minute) starting at 11 minutes. For the glycopyrrolate group, the mean percent changes became significantly lower starting at 27 minutes. Glycopyrrolate and atropine had a mean percentage change in heart rate of greater than 1.0%, up to 31 and 22 minutes, respectively. At the doses used, glycopyrrolate had longer duration of action than atropine but the magnitude of increase was similar. 相似文献
77.
Sudden blindness associated with protothecosis in a dog 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
78.
DANNY W. SCOTT WILLARD J. GOULD SUZANNE M. CAYATTE HOWARD J. LAWRENCE WILLIAM H. MILLER JR. 《Veterinary dermatology》1994,5(3):111-115
Resumen— Describimos un caso de alopecia simétrica bilateral en un hurón hembra esterilizada de 3 años. El cuadro resultó estar asociado con un adenocarcinoma adrenocortical y con concentraciones séricas elevadas de estradiol. Además el animal presentaba eritema figurado en la zona dorsolateral, lumbosacra y en la cola con caracteristicas clinicas e histopatológicas parecidas al eritema annulare centrifugum de la especie humana. El eritema figurado se trató con éxito con un producto comercial que contiene el ácido graso omega-3/omega-6. [Scott D. W., Gould, J. W., Cayatte, S. M., Lawrence, H. J., Miller, W. H., Jr. Figurate erythema resembling erythema annulare centrifugum in a ferret with adrenocortical adenocar-cinoma-associated alopecia (Eritema figurado parecido a eritema anulare centrifugum en un hurón con alopecia asociada a un adenocarcinoma adrenocortical).
Abstract— Bilaterally symmetric alopecia and vulvar enlargement is reported in a 3-year-old, spayed female ferret. The condition was ultimately shown to be associated with an adrenocortical adenocarcinoma and elevated serum estradiol concentrations. In addition, the ferret had a figurate erythema over the dorsolateral lumbosacral region and tail that was clinically and histopathologically similar to erythema annulare centrifugum in humans. The figurate erythema was successfully treated with a commercial omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid-containing product. 相似文献
Abstract— Bilaterally symmetric alopecia and vulvar enlargement is reported in a 3-year-old, spayed female ferret. The condition was ultimately shown to be associated with an adrenocortical adenocarcinoma and elevated serum estradiol concentrations. In addition, the ferret had a figurate erythema over the dorsolateral lumbosacral region and tail that was clinically and histopathologically similar to erythema annulare centrifugum in humans. The figurate erythema was successfully treated with a commercial omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid-containing product. 相似文献
79.
CL SCHWARTZKOFF JR EGERTON† DJ STEWART‡ PR LEHRBACH§ TC ELLEMAN¶ PA HOYNE¶ 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(4):123-126
SUMMARY A multivalent footrot vaccine has been developed, containing pilus antigens produced in recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and representing all nine serogroups of Dichelobacter (Bacteroides) nodosus commonly recognised in the field. The responses of sheep to the multivalent vaccine have been compared with those to monovalent vaccines representing only a single serogroup. Antigenie competition between serogroups occurred in sheep immunised with the multivalent formulation, but high levels of protection were still achieved. The study showed that in multivalent footrot vaccines, antigenic competition is predominantly due to the presence of a family of immunologically-related pilus antigens rather than to interference by extraneous proteins. 相似文献
80.
Pharmacokinetics of cephalexin in cats after oral administration of the antibiotic in tablet and paste preparations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Objective To determine the bioequivalence of a paste formulation of cephalexin with that of the tablet form.
Design A two-way cross-over study.
Animals Ten adult cats of mixed breed.
Procedure The cats, randomly allocated to two groups, received either the paste preparation or the tablet orally at 12-hour intervals for 48 h before a 12-hour blood collection period. Two weeks later the treatments were reversed and the blood sampling repeated. The serum concentrations of the antibiotic were determined. The pharmacokinetic factors were analysed using a computer.
Results There were no significant differences between the peak concentration of cephalexin, or the other pharmacokinetic factors obtained from the tablet and paste formulations. The serum profiles of cephalexin following four 12-hourly doses of each formulation were similar with the peak serum values occurring at approximately 2 h after administration.
Conclusion The paste formulation and the tablet form are bioequivalent. 相似文献
Design A two-way cross-over study.
Animals Ten adult cats of mixed breed.
Procedure The cats, randomly allocated to two groups, received either the paste preparation or the tablet orally at 12-hour intervals for 48 h before a 12-hour blood collection period. Two weeks later the treatments were reversed and the blood sampling repeated. The serum concentrations of the antibiotic were determined. The pharmacokinetic factors were analysed using a computer.
Results There were no significant differences between the peak concentration of cephalexin, or the other pharmacokinetic factors obtained from the tablet and paste formulations. The serum profiles of cephalexin following four 12-hourly doses of each formulation were similar with the peak serum values occurring at approximately 2 h after administration.
Conclusion The paste formulation and the tablet form are bioequivalent. 相似文献