新疆杏属植物过氧化物酶儿茶酚氧化酶同工酶分析

根据酶谱及其分布率、扫描图的异同分析表明,杏不同种间的两种酶谱均有明显的差异,而种内品种间的差异较小,如西伯利亚杏(A.sibirica(L) lam)的酶谱较特别,与普通杏(A.vulgarislam)、辽杏(A.mandshurica(Maxim) Skvortz)、紫杏(A.dasycarpa Ehrh)有较大差异;紫杏有6条共同酶带,而普通杏中的白新那尔、阿克牙格勒克等与之相近;辽杏与紫杏有明显差异,但与栽培杏中的墨玉001、卡拉胡安娜等品种的酶谱较接近;普通杏中的野生杏明显地较栽培杏多一条强带.杏属植物有4条共同酶带,这4条酶带在各品种的分布率为98.7%～100%,2种酶活性均以CⅡ区最强,酶活性占60%～90%;其次为CⅠ区,酶活性占10%～30%,PⅢ、CⅢ区活性最弱,小于10%,两种酶有共同的趋势,但儿茶酚氧化酶的弱带有广泛的变异.     

狐狸早期妊娠诊断初步研究

利用玫瑰花抑制实验,检测蓝狐妊娠前后免疫机能变化。以确定蓝狐孕血清中是否也存在早孕因子现象。为进一步研究狐狸的早孕检测方法提供基础资料。通过检测雌狐配种前后花抑滴度（ＲＩＴｓ）值。结果表明：怀孕动物与发情期、非妊娠动物的ＲＩＴｓ是有区别的。在实验中所检测发情期雌狐与未孕雌狐血清ＲＩＴｓ值均小于或等于１２,而妊娠雌狐血清ＲＩＴｓ值一般都在１８以上。据此,可以进行雌狐早期妊娠诊断。     

不同干燥方式对白萝卜干制品品质的影响

为了解不同干燥方式对白萝卜干制品品质和微观结构的影响及变化情况,以新鲜白萝卜为原料,采用振动远红外干燥方式和传统远红外干燥方式对白萝卜进行干燥,研究其对营养成分、复水比、干燥时间、脱水速率、感官品质以及微观结构的影响。结果表明:振动远红外干燥方式干制的白萝卜样品中蛋白质、维生素C、芥子油苷、总糖、脂肪和复水比明显高于传统远红外干燥方式制得的样品;相比于传统远红外干燥方式,干燥时间缩短了0.67 h,脱水速率提高了40.58%;干制品感官品质和微观结构均优于传统远红外干燥方式。研究为远红外干燥方式在白萝卜方面的应用提供理论依据与技术参考。     

水稻不同氮肥量水平下铜肥肥效的研究

本文研究了微量元素铜在同样的氮肥量水平下对水稻生育的影响。结果表明,在氮、磷、钾配合施用的基础上,适量施用铜肥,可提高氮肥利用率,增加有效分蘖率,减少空秕率,提高抗稻瘟病、抗倒伏能力和产量。铜肥不仅促进水稻的氮素吸收,还促进氮素同化利用,氮肥量水平高时更为明显。     

原条量材设计有向图及其解的研究

原条量材设计是在原条造材前对原条各部位用途进行优化设计的过程。本文在国内外有关专家的研究基础上,提出用图论中的有向图理论,解决原条量材设计中的优化问题。用锯口线为点x_d,两个锯口线间的木段为弧y_n,描绘出由点集X和弧集Y组成的原条量材设计有向图T=(X,Y)。由于弧的权ω_(ij)是由木段的售价赋给,且保证ω_(ij)≥0,故用Dij kstra算法,求出最佳木材利用率下原条售价最高的路。     

Intestinal histological alterations in farmed red-bellied pacu Piaractus brachypomus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) heavily infected by roundworms

The farmed red-bellied pacu Piaractus brachypomus is a valuative commercial fish widely exploited in fish farming. Histopathologic alterations in small intestine of this fish were associated with heavy roundworms infection. Of a total of thirty-five fish examined, all were parasitized with a prevalence of 100%, intensity of 290–6403, and mean intensity of infection of 4467.5 parasites per fish. According to the morphological features of whole nematodes examined using light and electronic microscopy, the parasite was identified as Rondonia rondoni Travassos. Rev Vet e Zoot 10, 59–70; 1920. The fish intestinal tissue alterations include fusion of villi, edema, disorganization of epithelial cells, epithelial abrasion, and flaking of the villus at mucosa layer level and submucosa layer with some regions of necrosis and lymphocyte infiltrate. This is the first report of histopathological alterations caused by infection of the atractid nematode R. rondoni in a farmed population of P. brachypomus in the Peruvian Amazon. The study points out the need of improving the strategies of parasitic prevention and control in order to better prevent future disease outbreaks.

     

Effects of thyroxine,cod liver oil and potassium iodide on growth and survival of juvenile seahorse,Hippocampus barbouri

Low survival at early stage is the bottleneck in seahorse aquaculture, particularly in the feeding aspect since newborn seahorses must feed immediately upon birth to sustain themselves. Seahorses are visual predator, therefore preferred live feed such as zooplankton. In aquaculture, the most common live feed used is Artemia. In this study, two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different Artemia enrichment on the growth and survival of newborn Hippocampus barbouri. In the first experiment, six treatments using Artemia enriched with Culture Selco Plus? (SELCO), thyroxine (T4), potassium iodide (KI), cod liver oil (CLO), cod liver oil in combination with thyroxine (CLO + T4) and potassium iodide (CLO+KI) were fed to newborn H. barbouri. Newly hatched Artemia were used as control. At the end of first experiment, treatments using CLO + T4 produced juvenile H. barbouri with the best (p < .05) wet weight (0.142 ± 0.000 g), while juvenile in treatment CLO+KI recorded the highest (p < .05) standard length (3.947 ± 0.014 cm). Subsequently, a second experiment was carried out using the two best enrichment (CLO + T4 and CLO + KI) from the first experiment, but given at different frequency (daily, twice a week, once a week, once in 2 weeks). Daily enrichment using both CLO + T4 and CLO + KI showed no significant (p > .05) difference in growth performance and survival of juvenile of H. barbouri. Interestingly, juvenile fed CLO + T4 enriched Artemia at frequency of twice a week also has no significant difference (p > .05) in survival and growth performance (except for final standard length) when compared with treatment CLO + T4 at daily frequency.     

Characterization of a Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum Isolated from Snakehead,Channa striatus,Stomach

This study sought to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from stomach of adult snakehead fish, Channa striatus, to be used as probiotics for freshwater fish. A total of 13 strains were isolated from the stomach of 10 fish, and 4 of these belonged to LAB. Strain LAB‐3 showing highest in vitro growth inhibition of Aeromonas hydrophila in a disk diffusion test was identified as Lactobacillus fermentum by conventional and molecular techniques and evaluated in vitro through various tests. The bacterium could grow at pH 3–8; but the optimum growth was observed at pH 6. Moreover, LAB‐3 grew at 0.15 and 0.3% bile salt concentrations, from 15 to 45 C, and at 4% NaCl. L. fermentum showed in vitro inhibitory activity against three fish pathogens, A. hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shewanella putrefaciens, tested by disk diffusion and well diffusion methods. Antibiotic sensitivity tests indicated that L. fermentum was resistant to streptomycin, gentamycin, and kanamycin, intermediate to tetracycline, but sensitive to chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, and ampicillin. Challenge test by using A. hydrophila showed that survival of snakehead was significantly (P < 0.05) improved when 2 × 10⁶ LAB‐3/g was supplemented to the diet. Therefore, this study suggests that L. fermentum might be a promising probiotic in snakehead aquaculture .     

荔枝体细胞胚胎发生早期的3种内源激素含量变化

采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定了荔枝下番枝品种体细胞胚胎发生早期的内源激素含量的变化.结果表明：内源生长素IAA含量先降低,达到一个最低值,此时是荔枝体胚发生早期原胚Ⅰ阶段,随后就会逐渐上升,直到球形胚阶段时,达到一个最高值;从胚性愈伤组织到胚性愈伤组织II阶段,其内源脱落酸（ABA）含量总的变化趋势先升高,紧接着下降到一个低谷,此时是紧密结构阶段,随后在发育到球形胚阶段的过程中又逐渐升高;内源细胞分裂素（CTK）含量变化趋势呈“M”形.ABA与IAA和ABA与CTK的质量比增大,将有利于荔枝体细胞球形胚的形成.     

Autoantibody profiles in the sera of patients with Q fever: characterization of antigens by immunofluorescence,immunoblot and sequence analysis

Recent reports have shown that some of the immunological aspects of Q fever, a rickettsiosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, could be related to self-antigen responses. The aim of this study was to determine the specificity of the autoantibody response of patients with acute and chronic Coxiella infections. Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle-specific autoantibodies were observed in significant percentages in acutely or chronically affected Q fever patients when compared to healthy volunteers. Moreover, the incidence of cardiac muscle-specific autoantibody was significantly higher among chronically ill patients compared to acutely ill patients. Moreover, a band of 50 kD of a HeLa extract was detected in most of the sera of individuals with chronic infections and previous sequence analysis suggests that this antigen presents a high degree of homology with the human actin elongation factor 1 alpha. Further research would be necessary to confirm if antibodies to human cytoskeletal proteins could be of clinical importance in chronically infected Q fever patients.