Validation of the BioPRYN enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for detection of pregnancy‐specific protein‐B (PSPB) and diagnosis of pregnancy in American bison (Bison bison)

This study assessed the accuracy of the commercial BioPRYN^® ELISA for the detection of pregnancy‐specific protein‐B (PSPB) using a single blood sample to determine pregnancy status in American bison (Bison bison). A total of 49 bison cows were used in the study, and sampled at two time‐points during the gestation period, fall and spring, correlating with early‐ to mid‐term gestation (average 62.9 days post‐mating) and mid‐ to late‐term gestation (average 229.2 days post‐mating), respectively. Sensitivity of the test during early‐ to mid‐term gestation sampling period (fall) was 87.1%, while specificity was 100%; sensitivity of the test during late‐term gestation sampling period (spring) was 96.3%, while specificity remained at 100%. In total, the test showed a total sensitivity of 91.4%, specificity of 100% and total accuracy of 93.8%, similar to domestic cattle. Use of the single‐sample BioPRYN^® ELISA in American Bison for pregnancy diagnosis is economical and practical, minimizing animal handling time, frequency and subsequent stress while providing accurate results for pregnancy diagnosis at 62 days post‐mating. This method should be considered over more traditional pregnancy diagnosis methods for use in managed bison herds.     

海水源热泵对海参育苗废水热能回收的工程应用

该文针对水产生物工厂化育苗水体升温技术需求,开展了利用育苗废水作热源为育苗水体升温的海水源热泵集成技术应用示范,探讨了集成系统对海参育苗水体升温和废水热能的回收效果。结果表明,进入I级换热器的育苗废水和新鲜海水温度分别为10.3~14.9℃和-1.9~4.9℃时,新鲜海水出水温度提升4.6~5.8℃,废水热能最大回收率达到59.2%;海水源热泵的废水热源温度和流量一定时,新鲜海水的温升幅度随其入流流量和温度升高而降低,入流温度分别为7.3和10.3℃的新鲜海水,流量不超过15和20 m~3/h时,出水温度均保持在15℃以上,满足海参育苗水温要求。热泵对废水热能的最大回收率为40.7%,COP(coefficient of performance)在5.03以上;集成升温系统比传统锅炉升温综合节能37.6%以上,减排二氧化碳约2 200 t/a,当年内可收回设备投资费用。     

分隔式循环水池塘养殖系统设计与试验

为了解决池塘养殖设施化程度低、净化能力不足和排污效果差等问题,设计了分隔式循环水池塘养殖系统。该系统由20%水面的吃食性鱼类养殖区和80%水面的滤杂食性鱼类养殖区构成,配置过水堰、螺旋桨式和水车式推流装置、集污和吸污装置等养殖系统设施和装备。性能测试结果表明:螺旋桨式推流装置提水动力效率为340 m~3/(k W·h),流量为204 m~3/h,空载噪音为60 d B;水车式推流装置提水动力效率为360 m~3/(k W·h),流量为180 m~3/h,空载噪音为67 d B;过水堰过水的总流量约为331 m~3/h,利用水循环装备实现水体流动可实现水体日交换量7 900 m~3,达到养殖池塘水体的50%左右。利用推流装置搅动水体,可实现水体大范围的对流,交替暴晒水体,增加水体中的溶解氧,试验池塘中下层溶解氧水平比对照塘高出59.5%,试验池塘叶绿素a浓度比对照塘低,说明一定程度上限制了浮游植物过渡繁殖。该养殖系统可为池塘健康养殖系统模式构建提供参考。     

Do traditional sheep breeders perform conscious selection? An example from a participatory breeding program of Morada Nova sheep

The implementation of sustainable breeding programs requires genetic breeding strategies that are appropriate for the reality production systems. It is also essential that the choice of animal selection criteria be based on breeders’ knowledge and objectives. This work is an ethno-zootechnical study of the Morada Nova sheep breed and its crossbreeds. The goals of this study were to register and analyze indigenous breeders’ knowledge and practices regarding animal selection criteria and to generate technical information to support a participatory breeding program of the breed. This study was conducted in the Morada Nova municipality in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were evaluated using two groups of individuals, purebred Morada Nova sheep breeders (RMN, n = 13) and breeders of Morada Nova crossbreeds (MMN, n = 48). Interview questions were used to identify local selection criteria adopted by each group in the choice of animals for breeding. Data from the interviews were submitted to frequency distribution analysis and the Shapiro-Wilk test to verify their distribution. Later, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the two groups of farmers based on that information, in addition to multivariate statistical analysis and evaluation of Smith salience index. Breeders in the RMN group used selection criteria related to breed standards, such as pelage color. In contrast, breeders of the MMN group used criteria related to productivity, such as body conformation and milk production. Breeders should be engaged in the development of breeding programs, and it is important to consider their preferences and objectives when evaluating breeding animals.     

保鲜功能微生物FJAT-0809-GLX对龙眼保鲜特性的研究

不同腐烂等级的龙眼果皮POD和PPO酶活性有所不同,0～3级,POD酶活性12 000 U/min.g,而4级以后POD酶活性均大于12 000 U/min.g;0～3级,PPO酶活性均小于600 U/min.g,而4级和5级的PPO酶活性均大于600 U/min.g,说明随着龙眼果实腐烂程度的加深,烂果的果皮POD和PPO酶活性达到最高。使用保鲜功能微生物FJAT-0809-GLX处理后龙眼果皮的POD和PPO酶活性明显小于对照处理,且基本不影响龙眼果实的可溶性固形物含量,保鲜功能微生物FJAT-0809-GLX处理后龙眼的好果率最高为47.24%,而脱粒率最低,为10.95%,说明保鲜功能微生物FJAT-0809-GLX对龙眼果实具有较好的保鲜效果。     

槟榔基因组DNA提取方法及RAPD分析体系的初步优化

采用CTAB法、改良CTAB法和高盐低pH法等3种不同的方法比较了槟榔基因组DNA提取的效果,其中改良CTAB法最优,提取的DNA质量高,DNA降解少,杂质含量少。通过对退火温度、DNA模板用量、TaqDNA聚合酶浓度等因素的优化实验,建立了槟榔RAPD分析体系,从PCR扩增程序和反应体系两个方面对槟榔RAPD分析体系进行了优化并验证了优化后的体系扩增谱带清晰、多态性强稳定性好。     

Geoditin A Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis on Human Colon HT29 Cells

Geoditin A, an isomalabaricane triterpene isolated from the marine sponge Geodia japonica, has been demonstrated to dissipate mitochondrial membrane potential, activate caspase 3, decrease cytoplasmic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and induce apoptosis of leukemia cells, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear [1]. In this study, we found fragmentation of Golgi structure, suppression of transferrin receptor expression, production of oxidants, and DNA fragmentation in human colon cancer HT29 cells after treatment with geoditin A for 24 h. This apoptosis was not abrogated by chelation of intracellular iron with salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (SIH), but suppressed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a thiol antioxidant and GSH precursor, indicating that the cytotoxic effect of geoditin A is likely mediated by a NAC-inhibitable oxidative stress. Our results provide a better understanding of the apoptotic properties and chemotherapeutical potential of this marine triterpene.     

海南槟榔黄化病病原物的分子鉴定

槟榔黄化病是槟榔上的一种重要病害,如何快速检测该病原菌是防治该病的重要基础。利用植原体16SrDNA通用引物对海南感染黄化病的槟榔花苞总DNA进行巢式PCR扩增,获得约1.2kb的特异片段,并对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定。通过BLAST程序比较、系统进化树构建及iPhyClassifier分析表明,引起海南槟榔黄化病病原植原体属于翠菊黄化植原体组(16SrⅠ组),且为该组中一个新的亚组,即G亚组,现将其暂命名槟榔黄化植原体(Arecanut yellow leaf phytoplasma,AYL)。     

乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯淀粉的制备工艺研究

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,醋酸酐为酯化试剂,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂制备了乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯。通过单因素试验,研究pH值、试剂添加量、反应时间、反应温度对沉降积和乙酰化取代度的影响。采用正交试验,确定了乙酰化淀粉的最佳反应条件:醋酸酐用量7%,温度30℃,pH值10,反应2 h;交联淀粉的最佳反应条件:三偏磷酸钠用量2.0%,温度45℃,pH值11,反应2 h。     

简述采用滑移法安装21m钢屋架的方法

在黑龙江省苇河林业局俱乐部内,采用滑移法对跨距21m、安装高度12.4m的钢屋架进行了安装试验。施工实践表明：采用滑移法在施工场地较小或受吊装设备条件限制的情况下进行钢屋架安装,不但可行,而且施工安全、保证了施工质量和进度。