八倍体草莓DNA指纹图谱的构建与初步遗传分析

为对草莓品种进行分子鉴定,从59对SSR引物中筛选出18对多态性好的引物,采用毛细管电泳检测方法对84份八倍体草莓品种进行标记分析,检测每个标记等位变异大小,并进行初步遗传分析。将每个引物对84份草莓扩增的带型按照一定原则进行数字标注,为了简化编码,引物P1~P18分别编号为字母A~R,将引物编号与相应的带型编码进行组合得到该样品在特定引物的扩增产物编码,按照18对引物顺序串联这些编码形成该品种的DNA指纹图谱。结果表明:18对SSR引物共扩增得到多态性条带150个,不同引物扩增到多态性条带数4~17个,共检测到377个带型;各引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)值为0.494~0.908,平均值为 0.738;利用18对SSR引物共构建了84个草莓品种的DNA指纹图谱。聚类分析结果表明:在遗传相似系数为0.99时能将所有品种区分开,一些来源相同的品种被优先聚在一起。综上,本研究成功构建84个草莓品种的DNA指纹图谱,这些品种遗传关系较近。     

促进符离集烧鸡产业发展的思考

一 符离集烧鸡产业现状 近年来,符离集烧鸡产业发展迅猛,已初步形成产品系列化、包装档次化、口味多样化,产品有烧鸡罐头、真空软包装烧鸡和鲜烧鸡三大类二十多个品种,烧鸡及其系列产品销往全国各地和俄罗斯、朝鲜、韩国、日本以及香港、澳门、台湾等国家和地区。     

Effects of composite antimicrobial peptide on growth performance and health in weaned piglets

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of composite antimicrobial peptide (CAP) on growth performance and health status in weaned piglets. Over 28 days, 36 weaned piglets (body weight, 10.58 ± 0.99 kg) underwent three treatments: negative control (NC, basal diet), positive control (PC, basal diet + 20 mg/kg colistin sulphate + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin), and CAP treatment (CAP, basal diet with 400 mg/kg CAP). Average daily gain of piglets fed the CAP diet was greater (P < 0.05) than that of piglets fed the PC or NC diet during days 1–7, 8–14 and 15–21. Diarrhea rates of piglets fed the CAP or PC diet were lower (P < 0.05) than those of NC‐fed piglets during days 1–7. Apparent total tract digestibility for dry matter and crude ash in CAP‐fed piglets was greater (P < 0.05) than that of NC‐fed piglets. In the CAP group, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts were greater (P < 0.05) and Escherichia coli counts were lower (P < 0.05) than numbers for the NC group. Our results indicate that dietary CAP had beneficial effects on growth performance and health status in weaned piglets.     

离子束修饰提高钛阴极析氢活性

研究了双重离子注入Ｗ＾＋／Ｎｉ＾＋,Ｗ＾＋／Ｍｏ＾＋及溅射Ｆｅ后再单离子注入Ｃｏ＾＋或Ｗ＾＋等离子束修饰的钛电极在１ＮＨ２ＳＯ４中的析氢电催化性能,结果表明：与纯钛电极相比,离子束修饰电极的催化析氢活性得到显著改善,其中,注Ｗ＾＋／Ｎｉ＾＋电极的析氢过电位降低３００ｍＶ,用ＸＰＳ和ＡＥＳ能谱分析了离子束修饰电极的表面元素及相结构,讨论了修饰电极催化所氢机理。     

秦岭地理新分布植物

报道了８种、分别隶属于８个科的植物为秦岭地理分布新记录,全部标本存于华东师范大学生物系植物标本室内。     

沙化土地信息提取研究

采用LandsatETM 多时相影像,在地类光谱特征分析的基础上,用分层分离的方法,提取出沙化土地信息。以全国沙漠化普查地类划分标准中的植被覆盖度为确定沙化土地程度的依据,通过建立NDVI和实测植被覆盖度的回归模型,确定不同程度沙化土地对应的植被覆盖度与NDVI的对应关系,用NDVI阈值进行划分,得到沙化土地程度图。     

2BMJ-7型高速气吸式原茬精密播种机的研制

针对目前保护性耕作中垄作免耕播种机技术不完善的问题,研制了2BMJ-7型高速气吸式原茬精密播种机。介绍了该机的整机结构、主要特点及主要技术参数,并对该机采用的关键技术进行了研究。该机采用了电液自控仿形、种肥电子监测和分层精量施肥等先进技术,能一次完成破茬、开沟施肥、播种和覆土镇压等项作业,较好地满足了东北地区原茬精密播种技术的发展需要。     

Effects of thyroxine,cod liver oil and potassium iodide on growth and survival of juvenile seahorse,Hippocampus barbouri

Low survival at early stage is the bottleneck in seahorse aquaculture, particularly in the feeding aspect since newborn seahorses must feed immediately upon birth to sustain themselves. Seahorses are visual predator, therefore preferred live feed such as zooplankton. In aquaculture, the most common live feed used is Artemia. In this study, two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different Artemia enrichment on the growth and survival of newborn Hippocampus barbouri. In the first experiment, six treatments using Artemia enriched with Culture Selco Plus? (SELCO), thyroxine (T4), potassium iodide (KI), cod liver oil (CLO), cod liver oil in combination with thyroxine (CLO + T4) and potassium iodide (CLO+KI) were fed to newborn H. barbouri. Newly hatched Artemia were used as control. At the end of first experiment, treatments using CLO + T4 produced juvenile H. barbouri with the best (p < .05) wet weight (0.142 ± 0.000 g), while juvenile in treatment CLO+KI recorded the highest (p < .05) standard length (3.947 ± 0.014 cm). Subsequently, a second experiment was carried out using the two best enrichment (CLO + T4 and CLO + KI) from the first experiment, but given at different frequency (daily, twice a week, once a week, once in 2 weeks). Daily enrichment using both CLO + T4 and CLO + KI showed no significant (p > .05) difference in growth performance and survival of juvenile of H. barbouri. Interestingly, juvenile fed CLO + T4 enriched Artemia at frequency of twice a week also has no significant difference (p > .05) in survival and growth performance (except for final standard length) when compared with treatment CLO + T4 at daily frequency.     

长江中下游地区不同避涝作物种植模式对农田温室气体排放的影响

通过田间原位试验,研究长江中下游地区不同避涝作物种植模式对农田温室气体排放的影响,为该地区低碳作物种植模式的选择提供依据。利用静态箱法研究水稻-小麦(WRR)、黄心乌-茭白(WZR)、黄心乌-毛豆-荸荠(WECR)、水芹-芹芽-水稻(CCRR)和莲藕(LR)种植模式下农田的N₂O、CO₂和CH₄等温室气体的排放规律。结果表明：N₂O、CO₂和CH₄的排放具有明显的季节性,CO₂排放呈现夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季,CH₄和N₂O排放呈现夏季＞秋季;WECR、WRR和CCRR种植模式土壤CO₂排放量差异不显著,但都显著高于WZR,LR模式;WRR、CCRR和LR种植模式土壤N₂O排放量极显著高于WZR和WECR模式;LR极显著高于CCRR种植模式土壤CH₄排放量,而WZR、WECR和WRR极显著低于LR和CCRR。不同种植模式综合温室效应大小WRR＞CCRR＞WECR＞LR＞WZR,可见黄心乌-茭白模式综合温室效应最低,是长江中下游易涝区域低碳农业的较佳生产模式。     

福建省鸡源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

为探究福建地区鸡致病性大肠杆菌分离株的耐药情况。通过采集疑似大肠杆病死鸡的肝、脾、肺等脏器病料,并结合流行病学、临床学、病理学、生物化学和实验室PCR方法进行分离与鉴定,最终确诊为鸡大肠杆菌病。挑选分离的12株鸡大肠杆菌进行药敏试验,明确大肠杆菌耐药谱,为筛选敏感药物用于治疗与预防该病提供参考。