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171.
The New Zealand apple genome mapping project 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary This project was initiated three years ago to support the New Zealand apple breeding programme at HortResearch and is funded
by both the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology and the New Zealand Apple and Pear Marketing Board.
Our initial goal is to construct a linkage map comprising RFLP, RAPD and isoenzyme markers as well as characters of importance
to our breeders and this will enable the breeders to use marker assisted selection to identify the most promising seedlings
within progeny populations at an early age. Characters of interest in the shorter term include resistances to scab, powdery
mildew, woolly apple aphid and silver leaf, and in the longer term more complex traits such as early and late fruit maturity,
fruit quality characters, low temperature tolerance and rootstock influences such as dwarfing and precocity are under consideration.
We are currently developing long-term plans for isolation of apple genes in association with other molecular biologists in
Hort Research. We have used a cDNA library from apple flesh as a prolific source of RFLP probes and detect their hybridization
to Southern blots using a chemiluminescent method. We have screened our mapping line of seedlings for more than 160 markers
so far (1/3 RFLP, 2/3 RAPD). Detection of in situ hybridization of key RFLP probes to metaphase chromosome preparations for
the purpose of associating marker linkage groups with physical chromosomes is by a digoxygenin or biotin linked immunoassay.
The project has collaborative links to apple genome mapping projects in America and Europe. 相似文献
172.
Young JF Steffensen CL Nielsen JH Jensen SK Stagsted J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(18):5058-5062
A chicken model for studying the effects of antioxidants in the diet on oxidative status was set up. Chickens fed a semi-synthetic diet low in antioxidants showed a remarkable decrease in erythrocyte stability toward H(2)O(2) or 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), but increases in catalase activity in liver, carbonyls in insoluble muscle proteins, and enhanced lipid oxidation in heat-treated liver samples compared to that of conventionally fed chickens. Thus, this chicken model proved to be more susceptible to oxidative changes than conventionally fed chickens, reflecting a low antioxidative defense. Supplementing this low antioxidant diet with 10% apple/broccoli mixture counteracted these changes, except for activity of catalase in the liver and AAPH-induced lysis of erythrocytes. Supplementation with 10% sweet corn only reduced the carbonyl content in insoluble proteins. However, neither low antioxidant diet nor vegetable supplements affected selected antioxidative enzymes or oxidative stability of lipids in heat-treated muscle tissue. 相似文献
173.
174.
Kathryn E. Michel Charlotte Higgins 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2002,12(3):163-167
Abstract Objective: To review the types and potential consequences of diet/nutrient–drug interactions that can occur in patients receiving nutritional support. Data sources: A literature review was performed using Ovid multi‐database searching including Medline, Agricola and Biosis. Summary: Although very little information is currently available that pertains specifically to veterinary patients, we know from the human experience that food intake and diet composition can affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, efficacy and toxicity of a drug. Conversely, certain drugs can alter the absorption of nutrients when administered in conjunction with food or act to antagonize nutrient metabolism or function. The different ways that incompatibility can arise between food or nutrients and drugs in patients receiving nutritional support and strategies for avoiding these problems are discussed. Conclusions: The consequences of diet/nutrient–drug interactions include decreased tolerance of nutritional support, loss of feeding access, decreased drug efficacy, nutrient malabsorption or malassimilation, and risk of drug overdosage. Therefore, when patients receiving nutritional support experience these types of complications, a review of the diet, route of nutritional support, drugs, and timing of feeding and medication administration are indicated. 相似文献
175.
176.
Heather R. Galano VMD Simon R. Platt BVM&S MRCVS Lisa Neuwirth DVM MS Charlotte F. Quist DVM PhD Alexander de Lahunta DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(4):349-352
A 6-year-old male Doberman Pinscher had a 2-month history of dysequilibrium. Lesion localization was determined to be the cerebellomedullary pontine angle. In computed tomographic images, a well-defined, circular, hypoattenuating mass was visible at the cerebellomedullary pontine angle. The lesion, which was isoattenuating to cerebrospinal fluid, was 4 x 8 mm in diameter. Peripheral ring enhancement was evident after contrast medium administration. A choroid plexus cyst was diagnosed histopathologically. 相似文献
177.
Petersen KF Befroy D Dufour S Dziura J Ariyan C Rothman DL DiPietro L Cline GW Shulman GI 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5622):1140-1142
Insulin resistance is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in the elderly. To investigate how insulin resistance arises, we studied healthy, lean, elderly and young participants matched for lean body mass and fat mass. Elderly study participants were markedly insulin-resistant as compared with young controls, and this resistance was attributable to reduced insulin-stimulated muscle glucose metabolism. These changes were associated with increased fat accumulation in muscle and liver tissue assessed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and with a approximately 40% reduction in mitochondrial oxidative and phosphorylation activity, as assessed by in vivo 13C/31P NMR spectroscopy. These data support the hypothesis that an age-associated decline in mitochondrial function contributes to insulin resistance in the elderly. 相似文献
178.
Klapwijk Charlotte J. Schut Marc van Asten Piet J. A. Vanlauwe Bernard Giller Ken E. Descheemaeker Katrien 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(3):1167-1177
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Livestock play multiple roles for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Mixed crop-livestock systems are common in South Kivu, eastern DR Congo, but... 相似文献
179.
Boylan Malena O’Brien Megan B. Beynon Charlotte Meade Kieran G. 《Veterinary research communications》2020,44(2):83-88
Veterinary Research Communications - The faecal-oral route is a predominant mode of infectious disease transmission and yet the immunology of the bovine oral cavity is poorly understood. The... 相似文献