长寿花胚性愈伤组织的诱导及胚状体再生

 研究了长寿花胚性愈伤组织的筛选，胚状体的诱导发生、发育过程及植株再生。经过对外观及细胞学观察，看出外观质地疏松、颗粒状的淡黄色愈伤组织细胞圆形且形状规则，是胚性愈伤组织。诱导胚性愈伤组织的最适培养基为：MS+2，4-D 2 mg·L^-1 +BA 0.2 mg·L^-1；胚状体的诱导培养基为MS+BA 2 mg·L^-1 +NAA 0.2 mg·L^-1 +活性炭4 g·L^-1+蔗糖30 g·L^-1，胚状体诱导率可达185个胚状体；胚状体的再生培养基为MS+蔗糖30 g·L^-1。利用石蜡切片对胚状体的发生过程进行了观察。     

起始肥料对一品红生长的影响

 研究了生长介质中起始肥料对一品红生长的影响和一品红不同部位矿质养分含量。结果表明： 速效肥比缓效肥更有利于一品红生长并提高品质，速效肥中供试的两种NO₃^--N与NH₄⁺-N比例对一品红生长影响不大。绿色叶片矿质养分含量，除Fe和Mn较高外，与国外推荐的养分诊断指标相一致，说明目前国外推荐的一品红养分诊断部位适合于绿色叶片。     

南瓜新品种龙园栗香的选育

龙园栗香南瓜是从日本和韩国引进品种中 ,经分离选育的自交系 93- 12 - 8和 93- 9- 7配制的早熟南瓜一代杂种 ,果实扁圆形 ,果皮墨绿色 ,覆白绿色点条斑纹 ,平均单瓜质量 2 .0kg ,果肉桔黄色 ,可食率达 80% ,肉质香面适口、品质佳。从播种至采收 80d(天 )左右 ,较抗白粉病和病毒病 ,平均产量逾 5 0 0 0 0kg·hm-2 。     

Comparison of different conditions inducing embryonic stem cells

AIM: To evaluate the different conditions inducing mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) in vitro to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. METHODS: BRL conditioned medium was used to promote the growth of ESC and maintain them in an undifferentiated state. During the inducing process, retinoic acid (RA), DMSO, activin-A and TGF-β₁ were used as inducing reagents, and made up six kinds of differentiating medium. Then a three-step method inducing ESC cultured in hanging drops, in suspension and in plating was used to induce the differentiation of ESC. RESULTS: ESC were induced in vitro to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Of all groups, the highest differentiating rate was observed in the group induced by activin-A (20 μg/L) and TGF-β₁ (2 μg/L). CONCLUSION: The inducing conditions including activin-A (20 μg/L) and TGF-β₁ (2 μg/L) is very valuable in inducing ESC differentiation into cardiomyocytes.     

60%敌草隆·环嗪酮可湿性粉剂的高效液相色谱分析方法

反相高效液相色谱法测定60%敌草隆·环嗪酮可湿性粉剂有效成分含量,流动相为甲醇和水(57∶43),波长为254nm,环嗪酮和敌草隆的标准偏差分别为0.07和0.052;变异系数分别为0.53%和0.11%;平均回收率分别为98.9%和99.2%。线性相关系数分别为0.9999和0.9995。     

The ex vivo expansion characteristic of endothelial progenitor cells

AIM: To explore the ex vivo expansion characteristics of the endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). METHODS: CD34⁺ cells were selected from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (MNC) by MiniMACS system, expanded at the same conditions as that for total MNC, coincubation of CD34⁺ and CD34^- from the same donation for EPCs. In addition, we tested the effect of vessel endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and passage on cell differentiation, expansion kinetics and apoptosis. EPCs were determined and quantified by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Coculture of CD34⁺ and CD34^-,total MNC led to a significant increase in the expansion of CD34⁺ cells compared with CD34 enrichment (P＜0.05). There was a trend toward decreased apoptosis in cultures when early passage was performed once the linear cord like structures appeared. There was no significant effect on apoptosis between with VEGF and without VEGF group (P＞0.05). These differentiated EPCs were stained positive for CD34⁺, von Willebrand factor (vWF), KDR, CD31 and incorporate acetylated low-density lipoprotein (LDL). CD34⁺ and AC133⁺cells accounted for 68.2%±6.3% (n=6) and 57.2%±9.8% (n=6) of attaching (AT) cells at day 7 of culture, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Coculture of CD34⁺ and CD34^- or culture of MNC enhances ex vivo expansion of EPCs. Early passage decreases apoptosis rate, VEGF has no significant effect on ex vivo expansion of EPCs.     

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因(vgb)在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

利用PCR技术将透明颠菌血红蛋白基因（vgb）克隆到融合表达载体pET28a，在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）表达。重组蛋白在30℃诱导获得可溶表达。利用Ni^2＋亲和层析对重组蛋白进行了纯化，得到重组的透明颠菌血红蛋白，蛋白呈红色。实验现象显示重组蛋白与血红索相结合。紫外光区和可见光区波长扫描分析显示：蛋白粗提物和纯化后的血红蛋白在230nm和413nm都有强吸收峰，初步表明，尽管重组蛋白比天然蛋白多36个氨基酸，重组蛋白仍然具有生理活性。诱导后4h和6h的培养液氨基乙酰丙酸含量分别达到17mg／L和21mg／L。说明重组蛋白的表达明显促进了体内heme合成途径。     

24月龄生长母水牛绝食代谢的研究

用传统开路式牛用呼吸面具对24月龄母水牛绝食产热(Fasting heat production,FHP)进行研究。结果表明:①24月龄母水牛FHP为306.013kJ/kgW0.75·d;每天排出内源尿氮(EUN)为39.66g;单位代谢体重每天排出EUN为0.48g;蛋白分解产热占总产热量为17.13%;EUN与FHP比值为1.60mg/kJ。②24月龄母水牛维持净能需要:NEm=397.817kJ/W0.75·d。     

Branched‐chain amino acid ratios in low‐protein diets regulate the free amino acid profile and the expression of hepatic fatty acid metabolism‐related genes in growing pigs

Liver metabolism is affected by nutrients. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of low‐protein diets (17% crude protein, CP) supplemented with branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile) and valine (Val), on hepatic amino acid profile and lipid metabolism in growing pigs. The ratio of Leu : Ile : Val in all groups was 1 : 0.51 : 0.63 (20% crude protein, CP), 1 : 1 : 1 (17% CP), 1 : 0.75 : 0.75 (17% CP), 1 : 0.51 : 0.63 (17% CP) and 1 : 0.25 : 0.25 (17% CP) respectively. Results revealed that compared to the positive control group (1 : 0.51 : 0.63, 20% CP), the low‐protein diets significantly augmented the concentrations of most essential amino acids and non‐essential amino acids (p < .05), with the greatest values observed in the 1 : 0.25 : 0.25 group. Moreover, relative to the control, the low‐protein diets with the Leu : Ile : Val ratio ranging from 1 : 0.75 : 0.75 to 1 : 0.25 : 0.25 markedly downregulated the mRNA abundance of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP‐4) (p < .05), and upregulated the mRNA expression of hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐g coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α), uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) and liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (L‐CPT‐1) (p < .05). Therefore, our data suggest that protein‐restricted diets supplemented with optimal BCAA ratio, that is, 1 : 0.75 : 0.75–1 : 0.25 : 0.25, induce a shift from fatty acid synthesis to fatty acid oxidation in the liver of growing pigs. These effects may be associated with increased mitochondrial biogenesis.     

Effects of continuous low dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide on inflammatory responses,milk production and milk quality in dairy cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of continuous low dose infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on inflammatory responses and milk production and quality in lactating dairy cows. Eight Holstein cows were assigned to two treatments in a cross‐over experimental design. Cows were infused intravenously either with saline solution or with saline solution containing LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4 at a dose of 0.01 μg LPS/kg body weight for approximately 6 hr each day during a seven‐day trial. The clinical symptoms and milk production performance were observed. Milk samples were analysed for conventional components, fatty acids and amino acids. And jugular vein and mammary vein plasma samples were analysed for concentrations of cytokines and acute phase proteins. LPS infusion decreased feed intake and milk yield. An increase in body temperature was observed after LPS infusion. LPS infusion also increased plasma concentrations of interleukin‐1β, serum amyloid A, LPS‐binding protein, C‐reactive protein and haptoglobin. LPS infusion decreased the contents of some fatty acids, such as C17:1, C18:0, C18:1n9 (trans) and C18:2n6 (trans), and most amino acids except for methionine, threonine, histidine, cysteine, tyrosine and proline in the milk. The results indicated that a continued low dose infusion of LPS can induce an inflammatory response, decrease milk production and reduce milk quality.