皮下包埋两性霉素B对兔真菌性皮肤病治疗效果研究

兔真菌性皮肤病是一类传染性极强的人畜共患接触性皮肤病。试验选取体重相近,已感染真菌性皮肤病的吉戎兔15只,分为3组,每组5只,试验组Ⅰ为对照组,注射生理盐水,组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ皮下分别包埋5mg和10mg的两性霉素颗粒剂。给药前和给药后第10天、第20天和第30天分别称重,并观察测定兔皮毛生长及秃斑恢复情况。结果表明,试验组兔增重均高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05),试验末期组II和组Ⅲ秃斑恢复分别达95%和90%。因此,采用皮下包埋的给药方式有效地延长了两性霉素B的药效时间,可有效治愈兔真菌性皮肤病。     

荧光定量PCR法比较研究健康和子宫内膜炎奶牛阴道菌群结构

为揭示奶牛阴道菌群结构与子宫内膜炎发生关系,本实验选择健康奶牛和患有子宫内膜炎奶牛各5头,采集其阴道粘液样品,提取样品总DNA,利用SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光定量PCR方法对这两类奶牛阴道菌群结构的差异进行了检测.检测结果显示,健康奶牛阴道内乳杆菌属(p＜0.05)、芽孢杆菌属(p＜0.05)和魏斯氏菌属(p＜0.01)的细菌数量显著或极显著高于子宫内膜炎奶牛,而子宫内膜炎奶牛阴道内大肠杆菌数量显著高于健康奶牛(p＜0.05).研究结果表明,阴道菌群结构失衡可能是奶牛子宫内膜炎发生的原因.     

一株新城疫病毒弱毒株的分离鉴定

于１９９６年８月从长春地区－－养鸡场分离到一株新城疫病毒,该毒株经过鸡胚传代培养,病毒形态学观察,血凝谱测定、鸡胚平均致死时间试验、鸡脑内致病指数试验、脉致病指数试验及１入毒试验等生物学特性结果表明该新城商株为弱毒株。     

Effect of intravenous mannitol upon the resistive index in complete unilateral renal obstruction in dogs

Some studies have shown that relative to baseline, the renal resistive index (RI) remains unchanged in nonobstructed kidneys and increases in obstructed kidneys after administration of furosemide. To our knowledge, the effect of mannitol administration on the renal RI of dogs has not been reported. We evaluated the renal RI in 16 kidneys in 8 young adult dogs after administration of mannitol. The mean RI decreased significantly from baseline (P < .01). Additionally, left complete ureteral obstruction wasinduced in 5 dogs. Evaluation by Doppler ultrasonography was performed for 5 days. On the 5th day, Doppler examination was repeated at 30 and 60 minutes after administration of mannitol to obstructed dogs. After induction of left ureteral obstruction, the RI of the left kidney increased significantly over 5 consecutive days. Administration of mannitol decreased the RI in the nonobstructed contralateral kidneys, and thus the RI difference between obstructed and nonobstructed kidneys was increased above normal (P < .001). In conclusion, administration of mannitol may be useful as another diuretic agent to identify unilateral ureteral obstruction on Doppler sonographic examination.     

The Epidemiology and Characteristics of Q fever and Co‐infections with Scrub Typhus,Murine Typhus or Leptospirosis in Taiwan: A Nationwide Database Study

Q fever (QF) is a worldwide zoonosis associated with outbreaks. Only a few nationwide studies regarding the surveillance and epidemiology of human QF have been reported. Although QF is endemic in Taiwan, a nationwide database investigation of the epidemiology and characteristics of QF and its associations with scrub typhus (ST), murine typhus (MT) and leptospirosis (LS) has never been reported. We analysed nationwide databases of suspected QF, ST, MT and LS cases from October 2007 to December 2014 obtained from the Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan. A total of 468 (4.2%) QF cases were identified among 11 109 suspected QF cases. QF cases were mainly distributed in the southern and Kaohsiung–Pingtung regions but rarely in the eastern region. Compared to non‐QF cases, QF cases had significantly higher percentages of males (88.7 versus 66.2%) and high‐risk occupations (farming, animal husbandry or veterinary medicine) (16.2 versus 10.5%). But the percentages of specific animal contact, including cattle (0.6 versus 0.8%) and goats (0.9 versus 1.0%), were low in both. The majority of suspected QF cases (89.4%) were simultaneously suspected with ST, MT or LS, and the combinations of suspected diseases differed between regions. The number of suspected QF cases from the eastern region decreased since 2009, which was not observed in other regions. A total of 1420 (12.8%) cases had confirmed diseases, including QF (453, 4.1%), QF+ST (7, 0.06%), QF+MT (4, 0.04%), QF+LS (4, 0.04%), MT (186, 1.7%), ST (545, 4.9%), ST+LS (11, 0.1%) and LS (210, 1.9%). Compared to cases of unknown disease, QF cases had larger percentages of high‐risk occupations (16.2 versus 9.6%) but similar histories of animal contact (29.8 versus 25.1%). QF is an endemic disease in southern Taiwan. It is difficult to differentiate QF from ST, MT or LS only by high‐risk occupations and history of animal contact, and co‐infection of QF with these diseases should be considered.     

Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) integrins αvβ3 and αvβ6 as FMDV receptors: Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and comparison with other species

Integrins are heterodimeric adhesion receptors that participate in a variety of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix protein interactions. Many integrins recognize RGD sequences displayed on extracellular matrix proteins and the exposed loops of viral capsid proteins. Four members of the αv integrin family of cellular receptors, αvβ3, αvβ6, αvβ1 and αvβ8, have been identified as receptors for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vitro, and integrins are believed to be the receptors used to target epithelial cells in the infected animals. To analyse the roles of the αv integrins from a susceptible species as viral receptors, we have cloned Bactrian camel αv, β3 and β6 integrin cDNAs and compared them to those of other species. The coding sequences for Bactrian camel integrin αv, β3 and β6 were found to be 3165, 2289 and 2367 nucleotides in length, encoding 1054, 762 and 788 amino acids, respectively. The Bactrian camel αv, β3 and β6 subunits share many structural features with homologues of other species, including the ligand binding domain and cysteine-rich region. Phylogenetic trees and similarity analyses showed the close relationships of integrin genes from Bactrian camels, pigs and cattle, which are each susceptible to FMDV infection, that were distinct from the orders Rodentia, Primates, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, Galliformes and Xenopus. We postulate that host tropism of FMDV may in part be related to the divergence in integrin subunits among different species.     

4种牧草苗期耐盐性比较

用不同NaCl溶液分别对梭罗草（Roegneria thoroldiana）、碱茅（Puccinellia distans）、中华羊茅（Festuca sinensis）和垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）进行胁迫处理,研究它们在不同质量分数的NaCl胁迫下植物组织受伤害程度、叶片的叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离脯氨酸的含量及过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性的变化。结果表明,在盐质量分数为0.2%时,4种供试牧草的抗盐性依次为碱茅>中华羊茅>梭罗草>垂穗披碱草;在质量分数为0.4%~1.0%时,抗盐性依次为碱茅>梭罗草>中华羊茅>垂穗披碱草。     

牛磺酸对不同月龄雄性大鼠生殖器官指数及生殖激素水平的影响

通过给不同月龄雄性W istar大鼠饮用添加1%牛磺酸或1%β-丙氨酸(牛磺酸转运抑制剂)的自来水,研究牛磺酸对不同月龄雄性大鼠体重、生殖器官指数及生殖激素分泌水平的影响。结果表明:牛磺酸对不同月龄大鼠体重、睾丸指数、前列腺指数没有明显的影响,但显著提高了14月龄大鼠的精囊腺指数;显著提高不同月龄雄性大鼠的血清睾酮水平(P<0.05),对血清促卵泡生成素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)水平没有显著的影响。     

母鹿饲喂益生素效果初报

选取产仔前母鹿 30头在试验组饲料中添加益生素每次 2g/头。结果表明 ,加喂益生素后 ,不仅改善了母鹿胃肠内的菌群 ,增加有益菌的数目 ,增强了母鹿体质 ,而且提高了断乳仔鹿生长的各项指标