杜鹃花属植物SRAP-PCR反应体系的优化及其应用

采用改良CTAB法提取杜鹃花属植物基因组DNA,对影响SRAP-PCR反应体系中的Mg2+、dNTPs和引物浓度进行优化,建立了杜鹃花属植物SRAP分子标记的扩增体系:20μl的PCR体系中含有模板DNA50 ng、10×PCR buffer(不含Mg2+)、Mg2+2.50 mmol/L、dNTPs 0.20 mmol/L、引物0.40μmol/L、TaqDNA聚合酶1.0 U。并对10种杜鹃花属植物群体进行扩增验证,共获得261条扩增条带,251个多态性位点,多态性位点比率为96.17%,结果表明供试材料间差异明显、多态性较高,该体系适合杜鹃花属植物种间差异性分析,为今后杜鹃花属植物分子生物学的深入研究奠定了基础。     

气候、品种和密度对东北春玉米增产潜力的影响

近年来,东北春玉米超高产技术研究已经取得了重大进展,但春玉米增产潜力仍有很大空间。本文从3个主要方面探讨了气候、品种和密度对东北春玉米增产潜力的影响,最后提出应深入研究综合因素对玉米增产潜力的影响,获得更具体的粮食生产潜力,并确定哪些因素起主导作用。     

浅谈大学生孝德教育

"孝"是人最基本的道德品质,孝德教育是最基本的道德教育。本文分析了大学生孝德现状、问题以及可能的原因,并提出了提高大学生孝德水平的对策。     

基于模型驱动的省级林业有害生物灾害监测与预警平台1）

针对省级林业有害生物灾害监测与预警系统建设中,各省需求不一致,单省需求变化快的问题,借鉴OMG的MDA软件开发方法,提出了软件运行期元数据模型驱动的系统架构。针对流程管理、WebGIS、动态表单需求,给出了FPM-BPM元模型、FPM-GIS元模型、FPM-Form元模型,开发了基于元模型的建模工具、执行引擎,最后采用模型组装的方式实现业务系统构造。原型验证及工程实践证明：平台具有良好的适应性,可快速定制随需演化,有效支撑省级林业部门的有害生物灾害监测与预警业务。     

高产蛋鸭配套系的选育

从福建龙岩蛋鸭原种场选择7个蛋鸭品种（品系）S,、S2、S3、J、P、F、K,组建5组不同的三系杂交配套组合：Jδ×（Fδ×S1δ）、Pδ×（Fδ×S3辛）、Fδ×（Pδ×S2δ）、Fδ×（KδXS2δ）、Fδ×（PδXS3δ）．5个配套系商品代经500日饲养试验测定,筛选出生产性能最优的2个配套系为青壳蛋系Jδ×（FδXS1δ）、白壳蛋系Fδ×（PδχS3δ）．青壳蛋系的产蛋率达50％时,平均日龄（118±2．45）d,平均体重（1595．6±22．5）g,500日龄的产蛋数、总蛋重、蛋重、料蛋比分别为（330．6±4．29）枚、（22．694-0．21）kg、（72．50±0．20）g、（2．864±0．03）：1;自壳蛋系的产蛋率达50％时,平均日龄（114．7±1．25）d,平均体重（1526．6±12．31）g,500日龄的产蛋数、总蛋重、蛋重、料蛋比分别为（335．29土1．8）枚、（23．224±0．17）kg、（71．364±O．05）g、（2．77±0．01）：1．可见,2个配套系的生产性能均达国内领先水平,具有推广应用价值．     

傅里叶变换红外光谱技术在植物学中的应用

综述了傅里叶红外光谱技术的工作原理及其在生物大分子、亲缘地理学和生理学上的应用,指出了傅里叶红外光谱技术今后的发展方向,为傅里叶红外光谱技术在植物学领域的研究提供借鉴。     

鸡毒霉形体HS株pMGA多基因族序列分析

用限制性核酸内切酶对鸡毒霉形体(MG)HS株基因文库中经初步估测可能含有的4个鸡毒霉形体粘附蛋白(protein of Mycoplasma gallisepticum adhesin,pMGA)基因的MgW17重组质粒进行了不同组合的酶消化,根据消化片段的大小及酶切位点绘制了7.5kb外源片段的物理图谱;然后根据所得的物理图谱,选用Pst I和EcoR I将MgW17外源片段酶解成1.3、2.0、4.2 kb 3个部分,将它们分别亚克隆到SK(十)质粒上,得到了3个亚克隆子SGp100、SGp200、SGp300.使用核酸外切酶Ⅲ缺失法构建缺失子系列,经序列分析后得到MgW17外源片段的全部序列.序列全长7 434 bp,中间含有2个完整的pMGA基因和另2个不完整的pMGA基因的首部和尾部,分别将它们顺次命名为H-pMGA1.1、H-pMGA1.2、H-pMGA1.3和H pMGA1.4.2个完整的pMGA基因的阅读框长度分别为1 967 bp(1.2)和2039 bp(1.3);H-pMGA1.1首部不完整的阅读框的长度为720 bp,尾部不完整的H-pMGA1.4的长度为1 752 bp.将H-pMGA基因与已报道的MG.S6株、F株的pMGA基因进行了比较,探讨了pMGA基因在不同MG菌株中的相似性、基因启动子结构的差异、间隔区内GAA重复序列对转录调控的影响等.     

牛磺酸对不同月龄雄性大鼠生殖器官指数及生殖激素水平的影响

通过给不同月龄雄性W istar大鼠饮用添加1%牛磺酸或1%β-丙氨酸(牛磺酸转运抑制剂)的自来水,研究牛磺酸对不同月龄雄性大鼠体重、生殖器官指数及生殖激素分泌水平的影响。结果表明:牛磺酸对不同月龄大鼠体重、睾丸指数、前列腺指数没有明显的影响,但显著提高了14月龄大鼠的精囊腺指数;显著提高不同月龄雄性大鼠的血清睾酮水平(P<0.05),对血清促卵泡生成素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)水平没有显著的影响。     

LPS-TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling mediates alcohol-induced liver fibrosis in rats

Liver fibrosis results from liver inflammation and progresses to liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. It is known that nonalcoholic liver disease is mediated by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2)–tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether alcoholic liver disease is also mediated by this pathway. To this end, we first established rat models of liver fibrosis by administering alcohol. Next, the rats were injected with anti-TLR4 and anti-MD-2 antibodies. Real Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the activation of the TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Moreover, the expression of molecules related to liver fibrosis was estimated. The morphology of rat liver tissue was observed through hematoxylin–eosin staining and Masson staining. For in vitro studies, Kupffer cells (KCs) isolated from the liver were transfected with si-TLR4 and si-MD-2 and co-cultured with HSCs to determine the activity of HSCs. It was found that alcohol treatment activated the TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway and upregulated the molecules associated with liver fibrosis. However, inhibition of TLR4 and MD-2 partially reversed this trend. Notably, in vitro studies indicated that knockdown of TLR4 and MD-2 in KCs partially inhibited LPS-induced activation of KCs and HSCs. Overall, this study showed that alcohol induces liver fibrosis via the LPS-TLR4/MD-2–TNF-α signaling pathway.     

The detection of the meq gene in chicken infected with Marek's disease virus serotype 1

In the genome of strains of very virulent Marek's disease virus serotype 1(vvMDV1), such as Md5 and RB1B, the meq open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 339-amino-acid bZIP protein, is present, while a slightly longer meq ORF, termed as L-meq, in which a 180-bp sequence is inserted into the meq ORF is found in other strains of MDV1, such as CV1988/R6 and attenuated JM. When chickens were infected with vvMDV1 strains and the meq gene was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the meq gene was detected throughout the experimental period for 7 weeks post inoculation (pi). However, the L-meq gene was also detected at 3 to 5 weeks and 3 to 4 weeks pi. in Md5-infected and RB1B-infected chickens, respectively. In the case of chickens infected with an attenuated MDV1, the JM strain, the L-meq gene was detected at 2 to 7 weeks pi., and the meq gene was also detected at 2 to 6 weeks pi. Both L-meq and meq genes were detected in chickens infected with an attenuated nononcogenic vaccine strain of MDV1 (CVI988/R6), throughout the experimental period. Though quantitative PCR was not performed, a larger amount of the PCR products corresponding to the L-meq than the meq gene was amplified from chickens infected with JM or CVI988/R6. These results suggest that a dynamic population shift between the MDV subpopulations displaying meq and L-meq genes occurs in chickens during the course of MDV infection. Since the MDV subpopulation that displays the L-meq gene only displays it during the latent phase, the L-meq and its gene product, if any, might contribute to the maintenance of the MDV latency.