Transient postoperative glycosuria after isoflurane exposure in two dogs

The present report describes two surgical cases involving the development of sudden glycosuria after isoflurane anaesthesia, despite the dogs having normal blood glucose levels and renal glucose reabsorption. The glycosuria manifested 1 day after surgery and resolved spontaneously within 2 days in both cases. Considering that the surgeries (subcutaneous mandibular mass removal and fracture repair) were unrelated to the kidneys, and there were no remarkable events during anaesthesia, the glycosuria may have been associated with the isoflurane anaesthesia. There have been several previous reports of glycosuria in human patients following transient proximal tubule dysfunction due to volatile anaesthetics. This case report suggests the possibility of transient renal dysfunction following isoflurane anaesthesia in these two clinically healthy dogs. However, considering the observational nature of this report, it can not be excluded that any other procedure performed in these animals was responsible of the observed glycosuria.     

遵义朝天椒原种、良种繁育技术规程

本文对朝天椒原种、良种繁育技术措施作了详细介绍和规定,以指导遵义朝天椒育种。     

不同防治措施对皖南春季马尾松林节肢动物和虫生真菌群落的影响

在皖南春季越冬代马尾松毛虫防治时期,于安徽长江以南采用不同治虫策略的5个林场,选立地条件和林分状况类似的马尾松纯林,对节肢动物和虫生真菌群落的调查表明,常年释放白僵菌的林场和长期监测虫情、准确挑治虫源地的林场害虫种数约占群落总种数的50%,个体数约占70%,益害物种数比(Ns/Ps)为0.72～0.83,个体数比(Nn/Pn)为0.44～0.45,多样性指数(H′)波动小,松毛虫虫口≤2.0条·株-1.交替放菌和施药的林场,滥用农药、尤其不治虫的林场,害虫种数约占群落总种数的60%左右,个体数>74%,Ns/Ps0.46～0.54,Nn/Pn0.23～0.34,H′波动大,松毛虫虫口6.0～10.0条·株-1,超过防治指标(5条·株-1).长期的放菌或及时施药挑治利于优化群落结构,增大多样性指数,强化生态控制的力度     

Pathogenic and immunogenic responses in turkeys following in ovo exposure to avian metapneumovirus subtype C

Commercial turkey eggs, free of antibodies to avian metapneumovirus subtype C (aMPV/C), were inoculated with aMPV/C at embryonation day (ED) 24. There was no detectable effect of virus inoculation on the hatchability of eggs. At 4 days post inoculation (DPI) (the day of hatch (ED 28)) and 9 DPI (5 days after hatch), virus replication was detected by quantitative RT-PCR in the turbinate, trachea and lung but not in the thymus or spleen. Mild histological lesions characterized by lymphoid cell infiltration were evident in the turbinate mucosa. Virus exposure inhibited the mitogenic response of splenocytes and thymocytes and upregulated gene expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the turbinate tissue. Turkeys hatching from virus-exposed eggs had aMPV/C-specific IgG in the serum and the lachrymal fluid. At 3 week of age, in ovo immunized turkeys were protected against a challenge with pathogenic aMPV/C.     

Trichinella spiralis infection induces angiogenic factor thymosin β4 expression

Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) has been reported to up-regulate the expression of the angiogenic molecule vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) during nurse cell formation. In order to analyze the induction of angiogenesis by T. spiralis, the expression patterns of angiogenesis-related proteins were investigated by immunohistochemical analysis. VEGF expression was induced in the infected muscles at an early stage of infection (10 days after infection) and diminished after 3 weeks. Thymosin β4, a major factor which induces VEGF, showed increased expression in muscle fibers 10 days after infection, and the expression remained high in the nurse cells for 6 weeks, when the formation of the nurse cell complex was completed. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α showed a diffuse expression pattern around the infected muscle fibers and was strongly expressed in inflammatory cells but was not related to the hypoxic condition caused by nurse cell formation. Localization of the hypoxic regions by the hypoxia marker, pimonidazole showed T. spiralis infection does not induce a hypoxic condition in nurse cells. These results suggest that the expression of VEGF and thymosin β4 induce angiogenesis and the expression of thymosin β4 remained elevated to potentially regulate nurse cell formation and maintenance.     

明渠非恒定急变流断波要素的计算

在数学推导的基础上 ,建立了工程实际中最为常见的棱柱体梯形断面明渠非恒定急变流断波要素的水力计算公式 ,并将其简化为关于波高的高次代数方程 ,采用二分法求其数值解。对文中提出的公式和数值解法进行了验证。结果表明 ,给出的求解公式及计算方法是正确的 ,且稳定收敛、迅速准确     

柴油机掺烧三种生物柴油的排放性能试验研究

以小桐子油、桐油和菜籽油为原料,通过酯交换法制备生物柴油,对柴油机掺烧3种不同原料制备的生物柴油的混合燃料排放性能进行试验研究.结果表明,0#柴油中分别掺混20%的小桐子生物柴油、桐油生物柴油和菜籽油生物柴油,在2 000r/min和100%负荷时,HC和CO的排放比0#柴油都有大幅度降低,燃油消耗率有一定程度的上升.     

Potent in vivo antifungal activity against powdery mildews of pregnane glycosides from the roots of Cynanchum wilfordii

Two new pregnane glycosides, kidjoranine 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (5) and caudatin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (6), were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum wilfordii along with four known compounds (1-4). The antifungal activities of the six compounds against barley powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei were compared to the antifungal activity of polyoxin B. The caudatin glycosides (1, 4, and 6) showed stronger antifungal activities than polyoxin B, whereas kidjoranine glycosides (2, 3, and 5) had weaker activities than polyoxin B. A wettable powder-type formulation (C. wilfordii-WP20) of the ethyl acetate extract from C. wilfordii roots prohibited the development of barley powdery mildew much more effectively than the commercial fungicide polyoxin B-WP10. In addition, C. wilfordii-WP20 effectively controlled strawberry powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca humuli under greenhouse conditions. Thus, the crude extract containing the pregnane glycosides can be used as a botanical fungicide for the environmentally benign control of powdery mildews.     

Enhancing effects of serum-rich and cytokine-supplemented culture conditions on developing blastocysts and deriving porcine parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells

The present study was conducted to develop an effective method for establishment of porcine parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (ppESCs) from parthenogenetically activated oocyte-derived blastocysts. The addition of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) to the medium on the 3rd day of oocyte culturing improved the development of blastocysts, attachment of inner cell masses (ICMs) onto feeder cells, and formation of primitive ppESC colonies. ICM attachment was further enhanced by basic fibroblast growth factor, stem cell factor, and leukemia inhibitory factor. From these attached ICMs, seven ppESC lines were established. ppESC pluripotency was verified by strong enzymatic alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of pluripotent markers OCT3/4, Nanog, and SSEA4. Moreover, the ppESCs were induced to form an embryoid body and teratoma. Differentiation into three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) was confirmed by the expression of specific markers for the layers and histological analysis. In conclusion, data from the present study suggested that our modified culture conditions using FBS and cytokines are highly useful for improving the generation of pluripotent ppESCs.