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101.
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Astaxanthin profiles and corresponding colour properties in Australian farmed black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) during frozen storage
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Kent J Fanning Carl Paulo Sharon Pun Caterina Torrisi Kerrie Abberton Paul Exley Sue Poole 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(6):1820-1831
The colour of commercial cooked black tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon) is a key quality requirement to ensure product is not rejected in wholesale markets. The colour, due to the carotenoid astaxanthin, can be impacted by frozen storage, but changes in colour or astaxanthin profile, during frozen storage, have not been studied in detail. Subsequently in this study, the aims were to define the astaxanthin (as cis, trans, mono‐ester and di‐ester forms) content, together with the colour properties, in both pleopods (legs) and abdominal segments. Changes in astaxanthin content and colour properties were further determined during frozen storage (?20°C). Total astaxanthin content was seen to decrease in all samples over time, with the rate of degradation being significantly greater (P < 0.05) in pleopods than abdomen. In both pleopods and abdomen, rate of degradation of esterified forms was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than non‐esterified forms. Hue angle (increase), a* value (decrease) and L value (increase) were all seen to significantly change (P < 0.05) during storage, with changes being more prevalent in the pleopods. The pleopods are the key indicator of astaxanthin and colour loss in cooked black tiger prawns and preservation strategies are required to preserve astaxanthin and colour during frozen storage. 相似文献
104.
Annalisa Pinsino Caterina Costa Roberta Russo Francesca Zito Valeria Guarrasi 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(1):122-130
The deep-water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris, is a target species of the Mediterranean fisheries mostly caught by trawlers offshore, processed, and frozen on board. The effects of thawing on shrimp muscle exudate collected at 0, 1, 2, 3 days after thawing were investigated. In total, 70-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp70), alpha (α)-enolase, and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) were selected as metabolic and stress-related proteins and analyzed by immunoblotting on exudates. Data were compared for the amount of exudates collected and the pH values. Among the investigated proteins, only the Hsp70 levels showed a decrease related to the post-thawing period and correlated with both the significant increase of the exudate amount and the pH values. These data strongly suggest the potential use of Hsp70 as an early predictive biomarker for quality of the P. longirostris shrimp after thawing. 相似文献
105.
The observed oogenesis impairment in greater amberjack Seriola dumerili (Risso, 1810) reared in captivity is not related to an insufficient liver transcription or oocyte uptake of vitellogenin
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Kuhnle GG Dell'Aquila C Aspinall SM Runswick SA Mulligan AA Bingham SA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):7311-7315
Phytoestrogens are secondary plant metabolites that have received increasing attention for their bioactivity, in particular due to their structural and functional similarity to 17beta-estradiol. Although urinary and plasma phytoestrogens can be used as biomarkers for dietary intake, this is often not possible in large epidemiological studies or in the assessment of general exposure in free-living individuals. Accurate information about dietary phytoestrogens is therefore important, but there are very limited data concerning food contents. In this study was analyzed a comprehensive selection of tea, coffee, alcoholic beverages, nuts, seeds, and oils for their phytoestrogen content using a newly developed sensitive method based on LC-MS incorporating (13)C 3-labeled standards. Phytoestrogens were detected in all foods analyzed, although the contents in gin and bitter (beer) were below the limit of quantification (1.5 microg/100 g). Lignans were the main type of phytoestrogens detected. Tea and coffee contained up to 20 microg/100 g phytoestrogens and beer (except bitter) contained up to 71 microg/100 g, mainly lignans. As these beverages are commonly consumed, they are a main source of dietary lignans. The results published here will contribute to databases of dietary phytoestrogen content and allow a more accurate determination of phytoestrogen exposure in free-living individuals. 相似文献
108.
Hiroshi Kajihara Kazuyuki Muramoto Shin-ichi Fuji Shuhei Tanaka Shin-ichi Ito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(1):72-75
To detect Japanese yam mosaic virus (JYMV) and Yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV) in yam plants in Japan, we developed a duplex RT-PCR assay consisting of a tube-capture procedure followed by one-step
RT-PCR with two primer pairs. A 241-bp fragment of the coat protein region of JYMV and a 174-bp fragment of the nuclear inclusion
protein b region of YMMV were amplified, thus identifying the two viruses from yam plants cultivated in Yamaguchi Prefecture
in 2007. All water yam plants examined were infected with YMMV alone. All the Japanese yam and Chinese yam plants were infected
with either JYMV alone or both JYMV and YMMV, suggesting that YMMV and JYMV are prevalent among field-grown yam plants. 相似文献
109.
Caterina L. Matasci Mauro Jermini Davide Gobbin Cesare Gessler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,127(4):501-508
The genetic structure of a Plasmopara viticola population was characterized on five single vines, one for each cultivar Regent, Merlot, Isabella, Müller-Thurgau and Solaris,
using four neutral specific polymorphic microsatellite markers. Five-hundred and seventy samples were collected at four dates
in the period between the 10th of July and the 23rd of August 2006. On average over all five cultivars, 67% of the genotypes
present on the single selected vines derived from primary infections and caused 37% of the lesions genotyped. Fifty-three
percent of these genotypes occurred only once on the vine throughout the survey period, while 14% were able to asexually reproduce
on the selected single vine throughout the survey period, causing 23% of the lesions. Thirty-three percent of the genotypes
on the single vine derived from other vines, 28% from vines of other cultivars in the other rows, and 5% from vines of the
same cultivar in the same row. New primary infections appear all along the sampling dates. The overwhelmingly quantitative
role of primary infections at vineyard scale was known, however here we observed the phenomenon also at the single vine scale
and the reduced contribution of secondary lesions to the populations present on more resistant cultivars compared to the susceptible
cultivars. As the sampling extended almost to defoliation, the results are judged to be representative of a typical P. viticola epidemic. 相似文献
110.
Occurrence of azoxystrobin‐resistant isolates in Passalora fulva,the pathogen of tomato leaf mould disease
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Since 2007, serious damage to tomato from leaf mould caused by Passalora fulva has frequently been observed in commercial greenhouses in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. One of the factors relating to this damage was suspected to be a decrease in azoxystrobin sensitivity of the pathogen. Biological and molecular studies were conducted to characterize fungicide resistance. In in vitro sensitivity tests using mycelial homogenate placed on fungicide‐amended medium, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of azoxystrobin for mycelial growth of the isolates divided into two ranges, 0.031–0.5 mg L?1 and 8–32 mg L?1. Isolates with MICs within the two ranges were considered as sensitive and resistant, respectively, to azoxystrobin because, in in vivo tests, the percentage protection conferred by this fungicide (100 mg a.i. L?1) against these isolates was 89.7–100% and 4.5–31.1%, respectively. Resistant isolates had a replacement of phenylalanine with leucine at codon 129 (F129L) in cytochrome b. Forty‐five percent of the 271 isolates collected from 63 tomato greenhouses from 2007 to 2008 were resistant to azoxystrobin. In many greenhouses where the isolation frequency of resistant isolates was 80% or more, azoxystrobin had been used twice per crop for approximately 6 years. In 2012, 27% of the 405 isolates collected were resistant to azoxystrobin, and there was a marked difference in the frequency of occurrence of resistant isolates in the field populations between the three locations sampled. The occurrence of azoxystrobin‐resistant P. fulva isolates (F129L mutants) inflicted considerable damage on greenhouse tomatoes. 相似文献