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First Record of Captive Larval Culture and Metamorphosis of the Pacific Blue Tang,Paracanthurus hepatus
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Matthew A. DiMaggio Eric J. Cassiano Kevin P. Barden Shane W. Ramee Cortney L. Ohs Craig A. Watson 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2017,48(3):393-401
The Pacific blue tang, Paracanthurus hepatus, is consistently among the top 20 marine ornamental species imported into the USA, with all specimens presently sourced from wild stocks. Captive culture of this species through metamorphosis has not been previously documented and fundamental information regarding reproduction, larval culture, and production techniques is scarce. This study aimed to elucidate methods that would advance our understanding and success with captive propagation of this species. A total of 50,000 eggs were collected from a single broodstock population and stocked in a 1000‐L tank. Beginning at 3 d posthatch (DPH), larvae were fed three times daily a diet comprised exclusively of copepod nauplii. At 12 DPH, enriched rotifers were first fed followed by powdered feed (20 DPH) and first instar Artemia (21 DPH). Large mortality events were observed at 7 and 20 DPH, corresponding with starvation and flexion, respectively. By 41 DPH, the majority of the remaining larvae began associating with the bottom of the culture tank. On Day 50, the first signs of blue pigmentation marked the beginning of metamorphosis. A total of 27 juvenile blue tangs were cultured during this trial. This effort represents the first successful culture of this species in captivity. 相似文献
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SUMMARY Total plasma carbon dioxide (TCO2) concentrations were measured in Standardbred horses to determine criteria to discriminate between normal horses and horses with excessive TCO2 concentrations on raceday. TCO2 concentrations from stabled horses were distributed normally with a mean of 30.2 mmol/L and a standard deviation of 1.2 (n = 192) while pre-race TCO2 concentrations were not normally distributed. The results indicate that about 50 horses per million are likely to have TCO2 concentrations greater than or equal to 35 mmol/L and that it is extremely unlikely that a normal horse would have a resting TCO2 concentration above 36 mmol/L. These values were associated with sensitivities of 67% and 59%, respectively, and with a specificity of 100%. TCO2 concentrations were relatively stable in blood samples stored at 4°C for 4 days, whereas the TCO2 in specimens stored at room temperature (25°C) and at ambient temperature (16–28°C) declined progressively over 5 days. The accuracy and precision of the Beckman EL-ISE Auto Analyser were acceptable and within the manufacturers specified range. Paired specimens analysed using a Beckman EL-ISE Auto Analyser and a Kodak Dry Chemistry Analyser were not significantly different. However, the measurements made using the Kodak Dry Chemistry Analyser averaged 0.5 mmol/L higher than those analysed on the Beckman EL-ISE. The significance of these sources of variation in TCO2 concentration in relation to the testing of horses for ‘milkshake’ administration are discussed. 相似文献
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NP STEWART NF STANDFAST† FC BALDOCK‡ DJ REID AJ de VOS† 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(3):59-61
The distribution and prevalence of Thelleria buffeli in Queensland cattle were investigated using serum samples and blood films collected primarily for brucellosis surveillance and tick fever diagnosis. Serums from 8654 cattle from 357 farms throughout Queensland were examined by an indirect fluorescent antibody test for antibody to T buffeli. In addition, 347 peripheral blood films collected from 147 farms in south-eastern Queensland were examined for piroplasms of T buffeli. The overall herd and animal prevalences for T buffeli were 75% and 41%, respectively. There was significant variation among regions in both herd and animal prevalences (P less than 0.001). Herd and animal prevalences were highest in the north and east decreasing westward. The results indicate that T buffeli is more widespread in Queensland than previously thought. 相似文献
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Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di Raimo Eduardo Guimarães Couto José Alexandre Mello Demattê Ricardo Santos Silva Amorim Gilmar Nunes Torres Cassiano Cremon Danilo César de Mello Edwaldo Dias Bocuti Raul Roberto Poppiel Adeilson Nascimento da Silva Lucas Nunes Lima Luis Carlos Gomes Neto 《European Journal of Soil Science》2022,73(2):e13227
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Thaís Chagas Barros Renato de Mello Prado Cassiano Garcia Roque Marcelo Valentin Arf Rafael Gonçalves Vilela 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(5):458-465
Silicon (Si) and salicylic acid (SA) foliar applications can benefit cotton yield especially if there is stress during cultivation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the foliar application of Si and SA on the photosynthetic variables and cotton yield. The experimental design used was randomized complete block, constituted by Si foliar application in potassium and sodium balanced silicate form (0 and 3.6?g L?1 of Si) and SA (0 and 210?mg L?1). The treatments were applied in three leaf sprays during the reproductive stage that coincided with water stress in tillage. Therefore, the Si foliar application associated with SA favors the physiological variables, increasing the photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency reflecting on the increase of cotton yield. 相似文献
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SUMMARY A survey of nearly 20 000 cattle in Queensland was conducted to describe the prevalence and distribution of infection by serotypes of bluetongue virus. The overall prevalence of serum antibodies to one or more bluetongue viruses was 8.7% (95% confidence interval 8.3 to 9.1). Sera from cattle contained neutralising activity against 2 serotypes, 1 and 21. No evidence was found of infection with other serotypes previously isolated in Australia. The overall prevalence of serotype 1 antibodies was 7.7% (95% CI 7.3 to 8.0) and the prevalence of serotype 21 antibodies was 3.3% (95% CI 3.1 to 3.6). The prevalence of serotype 1 antibodies was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of serotype 21 in every region of the State, except in the central highlands and south-west Queensland. Overall, 3 significantly (P < 0.05) different zones of prevalence were found: high prevalence (> 20%) in far north Queensland, moderate (5 to 20%) in north-west, northern and southern coastal Queensland, and low (< 5%) in the central highlands, Darling Downs and south-west Queensland. 相似文献
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