白龟山库区湿地生态退化分析与恢复探讨

白龟山库区湿地自然保护区在淮河流域上游地区具有一定的典型性和代表性。由于湿地及周边土地利用变化、环境污染等原因,白龟山库区湿地存在着湿地生态系统受损、生物多样性下降以及水体污染等生态退化问题,应从水土保持生态建设和生态林业建设、生态农业建设、"山水城市"建设、保护区生态旅游以及保护区管理等方面加强湿地恢复。     

污水泵的研究现状与进展

研究固液两相流体在离心泵内的运动规律、完善其设计理论和设计方法一直是设计人员十分重视的课题。针对污水泵的研究情况,分别从污水泵理论研究、内特性研究、外特性研究、水力设计等几个方面对污水泵的研究现状进行了较为详细的阐述,指出加强泵内外特性研究、探求流动机理、开发适合水泵设计的专业化软件用于泵产品的计算机集成制造(CIMS),将是泵行业发展的重要方向。     

直线-共轭内啮合齿轮泵的设计方法

以直线-共轭内啮合齿轮副为研究对象,对直线-共轭内啮合齿轮副的啮合特性进行了系统研究,得到了直线-共轭内啮合齿轮泵转子的较完整的设计方法.介绍了这种泵的工作原理,并综合齿轮及齿轮泵的设计计算方法,分析了直线-共轭内啮合齿形的基本参数和计算公式,给出了基本参数的选取和计算方法,推导了流量计算方程;利用平面啮合定理(Willis定理)和齿廓设计基本方法,分别得到了内、外齿轮的齿廓曲线方程.通过实例,求得其基本参数及齿廓曲线方程,并绘制出直线-共轭齿轮泵转子的图形,验证了基本参数和计算公式的合理性及齿廓曲线方程的正确性.     

一品红不同品种叶片叶绿素荧光特性比较

 利用叶绿素荧光技术测定了一品红4个品种‘金多利’、‘圣诞天使’、‘索诺拉飞雪’、‘旗帜’叶片光强依赖的叶绿素荧光特性。结果表明: ‘金多利’初始荧光( F_o ) 、最大荧光( F_m ) 和可变荧光( F_v ) 值极显著高于其它3个品种。在各个光强( PAR, 0～2 171μmol·m^{- 2} ·s^{- 1} ) 下, 表观电子传递速率( rETR) 、实际光化学效率(Yield) 和光化学淬灭( q_P ) 的变化趋势一致, 均为‘金多利’ > ‘圣诞天使’ > ‘索诺拉飞雪’ > ‘旗帜’, 在高PAR下这种差异更明显。拟合参数最大潜在相对电子传递速率( rETR_max ) 、半饱和光强( Ik) 和光抑制参数(β) 也同rETR等具有一致变化。说明‘金多利’有较高的PSⅡ活性, 耐强光; 而‘旗帜’则光化学效率较弱, 高光强下易受光抑制。     

Effects of carvedilol on murine viral myocarditis

AIM: To observe the effects of carvedilol on murine viral myocarditis model. METHODS: A total of 188 inbred male BALB/c mice of 4-6 weeks were divided into 4 groups: myocarditis group (group C, n=60), metoprolol treatment group (group M, n=60), carvedilol treatment group (group K, n=60), control group (group B, n=8). Myocardial histopathololgic changes were observed. The concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTn-I) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Western blotting was performed to analyze the contents of phosphorylated p38MAPK in myocardium. RESULTS: Metropolol and carvedilol lightened myocardial histopathololgic changes at acute stage, decreased cTn-I concentrations and myocardial phosphorylated p38MAPK value compared with myocarditis group. Treatment with carvedilol was more effective than treated with metropolol on those indexes. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol protects against viral myocarditis by inhibition of p38MAPK signal transduction pathway through blockade of β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors.     

Asymmetric dimethylarginine protects PC12 cells against glutamate-induced excitotoxic damage

AIM: To investigate the effects of asymmetric dimethylaoyoinine (ADMA) on glutamate-induced PC12 cell damage and its mechanisms. METHODS: PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of glutamate as an in vitro excitotoxic trauma model. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Glutamate cytotoxicity was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by dihydrorhodamine123 (DHR) staining and flow cytometric (FCM) analysis. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production were detected by using commercial kits with a spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Glutamate at concentrations of 1 mmol/L to 6 mmol/L dose-dependently decreased PC12 cell viability. Pretreatment 30 min with ADMA prior to administration of glutamate significantly attenuated the inhibition of cell viability, LDH release and ROS accumulation induced by glutamate. Pretreatment with ADMA significantly inhibited the increases in NOS activity and NO production caused by glutamate. CONCLUSION: ADMA obviously protects PC12 cells against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by inhibiting NOS activity, overproduction of NO and accumulation of intracellular ROS.     

甜菜田金都尔除草剂药效试验

金都尔除草剂应用于纸筒育苗甜菜和直播甜菜的除草效果试验结果表明,对禾本科杂草防治效果较好,平均防效为93．62％,对其它杂草防治效果不佳,防效低于35．71％。     

非独立悬架和独立悬架三轮汽车特性计算与比较

计算了非独立钢板弹簧后悬架和单横摆臂式独立后悬架三轮汽车的平顺性和操纵稳定性指标,通过比较可见,具有单横摆独立后悬架的三轮汽车有较好的平顺性和操纵稳定性,并建立了计算三轮汽车车架侧倾角的公式。     

基于多载荷无人机遥感的大豆地上鲜生物量反演

以多载荷无人机获取数据和地面实测的数据为基础,将大豆生殖生长期分段建模,采用植被指数和光谱参数相结合再加上农学参数株高,通过最小二乘法建立多元线性回规模型的方法,来估算大豆开花期和结荚期的鲜生物量,采用高光谱植被指数法估算大豆鼓粒期和成熟期的鲜生物量。结果表明:在大豆开花期和结荚期内,采用混合法构建生物量反演模型利用交叉验证法,验证结果的R~2和RMSE分别为0.714和0.393;在大豆鼓粒期和成熟期内,采用高光谱植被指数法构建生物量反演模型,利用交叉验证法,验证结果的R~2和RMSE分别为0.697和0.386;大豆开花结荚期构建的模型和鼓粒成熟期构建的模型都有比较高的精度和可靠性,利用这两种模型完成了高光谱影像鲜生物量的遥感空间制图,能反映当地当时大豆的真实长势情况。     

水稻氮钾吸收的交互作用研究

氮和钾都是水稻生长的大量必须营养元素,在水稻的生长发育过程中起着不可替代的作用。水稻对氮、钾的吸收存在着一定的交互作用。本文在综述水稻氮、钾吸收的机理上,探讨了氮素对水稻钾素吸收的影响,以及钾素对水稻氮素吸收的影响。