Surveillance of classical swine fever in wild boar in South Korea from 2010–2014

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious systemic hemorrhagic viral disease of pigs. Wild boar plays a crucial role in the epidemiology of CSF. Between 2010 and 2014, samples were collected nationwide from 6,654 wild boars hunted in South Korea. Anti-CSF antibodies were identified in 0.59% (39 of 6,654) of the wild boar samples using a virus neutralization test and were primarily detected in wild boars living close to the demilitarized zone and the area of the Taebaek Mountains surroundings. The CSF virus (subgroup 2.1b) was isolated from two wild boars captured in a nearby border area. The criteria used to define high-risk areas for targeted CSF surveillance in South Korea should be further expanded to include other regions nationwide.     

Serological evidence for influenza virus infection in Korean wild boars

Serum samples from 1,011 wild boars hunted in 2012 were collected for serological surveillance for 4 subtypes (pandemic A (H1N1) 2009 and classical H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2) of swine influenza virus (SIV). Samples from 12 of the boars were identified as positive for SIV (pandemic A (H1N1) 2009, n=9; classical H1N1, n=2; and H1N2, n=1) by a hemagglutination inhibition test (HI test) and a nucleoprotein (NP)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NP-ELISA). Although the overall seroprevalence of SIV in the Korean wild boar population was somewhat low compared with that in China and the U.S.A., the apparent prevalence of pandemic H1N1 was notable. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the wild boar population is needed as it may be a major reservoir for pandemic H1N1, facilitating its spread to humans and domestic pigs.     

Molecular evidence of rat bocavirus among rodents in Peninsular Malaysia

Rat bocavirus (RBoV) and rodent bocavirus (RoBoV) have previously been detected in Rattus norvegicus; however, these viruses have not been reported in rodent populations in Malaysia. We investigated the presence of RBoV and RoBoV in archived rodent specimens. DNA barcoding of the rodent cytochrome c oxidase gene identified five different species: Rattus tanezumi R3 mitotype, Rattus tiomanicus, Rattus exulans, Rattus argentiventer, and Rattus tanezumi sensu stricto. Three spleens were positive for RBoV (1.84%; 3/163), but no RoBoV was detected. Phylogenetic analyzes of the partial non-structural protein 1 gene grouped Malaysian RBoV strains with RBoV strains from China. Further studies among rats from different geographical locations are warranted for this relatively new virus.     

Histologic changes in channel catfish,Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque,fed diets containing graded levels of gossypol–acetic acid

A study was performed to evaluate the histologic changes among fingerling channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, fed purified diets containing gossypol from gossypol–acetic acid. The catfish were maintained on diets with 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 or 1500 mg gossypol kg^?1 diet for 12 weeks, and histologic samples from the stomach, proximal and distal intestines, pancreas, liver, and spleen were obtained from fish in all groups. Stomach sections exhibited significant gastric gland necrosis in fish fed 600 mg gossypol kg^?1 diet or higher. Non‐existent‐to‐mild enterocyte vacuolization loss, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hyperplastic lamina propria were noted in the intestinal sections from gossypol‐fed fish, but no significant differences in severity scores were noted. The pancreas from fish fed doses of gossypol above 600 mg gossypol kg^?1 diet exhibited significant mild‐to‐severe necrosis, and livers from fish fed 900 and 1500 mg gossypol kg^?1 diet exhibited significantly higher pigment deposition. No other significant histologic differences were observed in the fish fed diets containing gossypol–acetic acid. The data in this study indicates that at least 600–900 mg gossypol kg^?1 purified diet can cause statistically significant histologic changes in fingerling channel catfish, suggesting that gossypol should remain at concentrations below 600 mg gossypol kg^?1 diet.     

欧洲的家具工业

本文介绍了欧洲家具工业的生产和市场状况。在欧共体，家具工业的产值约占工业总产值的2％～4％，占GDP的2％左右，吸收了2．2％的劳动力；家具原料供应商及家具零售业还分别提供了约25万和60万个工作职位；欧洲家具业是工业部门最大的行业之一，2001年总营业额为822亿欧元，欧洲家具业的总产量相当于世界的一半。了解欧洲家具业对发展中国的家具工业非常重要。     

The effect of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei) and leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) on spring barley in New Zealand. I. Epidemic development, green leaf area and yield

Powdery mildew and leaf rust caused large yield losses in spring barley grown near Christchurch, New-Zealand, in two seasons. Disease present during early growth stages was as damaging to yield as disease late in the season. Moderate leaf rust severities after anthesis were most damaging when combined with earlier mildew epidemics. Later growth did not compensate for reduced yield potential induced by early infection. This was attributed, at least in part, to an effect on leaf size, and therefore on green leaf area, at later growth stages. There was a closer relationship, by regression analysis, of yield to green leaf area than to disease severity in three cultivars.
The three cultivars. which differed in yield potential and disease resistance, were not equally sensitive to disease. It is proposed that high yielding cultivars may be the most sensitive to yield constraint by disease.     

大白菜的适宜AFLP-Pst I/Mse I引物组合

基于PCR的DNA指纹鉴定技术AFLP广泛应用于生物多样性、遗传图谱构建、基因定位、分子系统发育和品种鉴定等方面.为了筛选出大白菜适宜的AFLP引物组合,研究以抗根肿病大白菜双单倍体CR Shinki、感病自交系94SK及其后代F2构成的纯合抗病和纯合感病DNA混合池为材料,利用256对Pst I/Mse I引物组合进行了AFLP分析.结果表明:平均每个组合检测到55条带,共扩增13 079条带,平均每1 000条带检测到1.30个根肿病抗性基因连锁标记;多态性带数为3 167条,双亲间多态性频率约为0.24;扩增带数与多态性带数呈线性正相关,引物组合中的不同GC含量与扩增带数和多态性带数存在显著性差异,并表现出线性负相关.筛选出的适宜53对引物组合共扩增出4 381条带,占总扩增片断的33.50%,平均每对扩增出83条,其中9个组合扩增出与抗根肿病基因连锁标记.