Modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty. Experimental study in dogs

Background

This prospective experimental study evaluated the surgical procedure and results of modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty in dogs.

Methods

Ten skeletally mature healthy mongrel dogs with weights varying between 19 and 27 kg were used. Cemented modular femoral stems and uncemented porous-coated acetabular cups were employed. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed before surgery and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 360 days post-operation.

Results

Excellent weight bearing was noticed in the operated limb in seven dogs. Dislocation followed by loosening of the prosthesis was noticed in two dogs, which were therefore properly treated with a femoral head osteotomy. Femoral fracture occurred in one dog, which was promptly treated with full implant removal and femoral osteosynthesis.

Conclusions

The canine modular hybrid total hip arthroplasty provided excellent functionality of the operated limb.     

Reproductive tract vasculature of the female emu (dromaius novaehollandiae)

The arterial supply of the ovary and oviduct is provided by the ovarian artery, cranial oviductal artery, accessory cranial oviductal artery, middle oviductal artery, caudal oviductal artery and the medial and lateral vaginal arteries. These arteries supply various regions of the oviduct and are branches of either the left cranial renal artery, left external iliac artery, left middle renal artery, left lateral caudal artery or the left pudendal artery. The veins that drain the reproductive tract are satellite vessels to each artery that supplied the tract.     

Avian infectious bronchitis: cross-protection studies using different Australian subtypes

The cross-immunity of vaccinated chickens after challenge with some Australian infectious bronchitis viruses was assessed by humoral antibody responses and by ciliary activity in tracheal rings of vaccinated chickens following challenge. Four viruses were used for vaccination: Vac 3, Vac 4, both current infectious bronchitis vaccine viruses, and Q1/76 and N2/62. IBV N1/62 (synonym T0 and infectious bronchitis virus N9/74 (synonym Appin) were used to challenge the vaccinated chickens. Results showed a lack of correlation between humoral antibody levels and protection. Cross-immunity was found after vaccination with each subtype, but was lower for Vac 3 and Vac 4 than for Q1/76 and N2/62.     

Treatment of Mycotic Rhinitis With Itraconazole in Three Horses

Itraconazole, a third-generation azole, was evaluated for treatment of resistant nasal mycotic infections in horses. Two horses with Aspergillus spp nasal granulomas and 1 horse with Conidiobolus coronatus nasal infection were treated with itraconazole (3 mg/kg PO bid). One of the horses with nasal aspergillosis was also treated by surgical resection of the nasal septum. The treatment time for the horses ranged from 3 to 4.5 months. No adverse effects were noted in any of the horses during the treatment period. Peak and trough serum itraconazole concentrations were < 0.5 μg/mL in all 3 horses. Itraconazole (3 mg/kg PO bid) appears to be effective in the treatment of nasal Aspergillus spp infections in horses because the fungal infection was eliminated in both horses. One horse still had excessive nasal sounds during exercise and was retired from training, whereas the other horse returned to normal. The nasal C. coronatus infection appeared resistant to itraconazole treatment in the affected horse because the granulomas were still present after 4.5 months of treatment.