Immunosuppressant Effect of Long Term and Subtherapeutic Chlortetracycline in Broiler

Experiments were conducted with 270 Abore Acre male broilers to study the influence of dietary chlortetracycline (CTC) on the bursal, thymus and spleen weight index and T, B cell proliferation and antibody responses of broilers. Results show that 50mg/kg CTC had no significant inhibitory effect on thymus and spleen weight index, and T, B cell proliferation of broilers at 21 days old. 150mg/kg CTC had significant inhibitory effect on bursal, thymus and spleen, and T, B cell proliferation (P＜0.05). Dietary CTC had a direct inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. 50mg/kg and 150mg/kg CTC had a significant inhibitory effect on the antibody responses to BSA (P＜0.01). Results demonstrated that subtherapeutic and long term CTC had significant inhibitory effects on immune organs and antibody response. The immunosuppressant effect became higher when the level of CTC increased. 150mg/kg CTC increased the growth rate of broilers significantly.     

蛋氨酸螯合锌不同添加量对肉用仔鸡生产性能的影响

将600只鸡分成3组，每组200只鸡。分别为对照组、试验1组和试验2组。对照组微量元素采用的饲料级无机盐；试验1组和试验2组分别添加60mg/kg，40mg/kg的羟基蛋氨酸螯合锌，以研究蛋氨酸螯合锌不同添加量对肉用仔鸡生产性能影响。试验结果表明，以微量元素氨基酸螯合物代替无机盐可显著提高内用仔鸡的生长速度和饲料转化率，提高养殖的经济效益,且肉用仟鸡日粮中蛋氨酸螯舍锌添加量以每千克饲料中添加60mg的效果最好。     

米易县核桃产业发展的思考

在论述了米易县核桃产业发展现状的基础上,分析了米易县发展核桃产业的必要性和存在的问题,针时存在问题提出了相应的对策和建议：一是以核桃基地建设为重点,合理规划核桃种植;二是以科技为依托,强化技术支撑体系;三是引进龙头企业,带动核桃产、工、销一体化发展;四是拓宽核桃产业发展的融资渠道;五是建立苗圃基地,确保良种供应;六是制定一系列的优惠政策,促进核桃产业健康快速发展。     

pGRF基因质粒对猪生长性能及血液指标的影响

研究猪生长激素释放因子(pGRF)基因质粒对猪生长性能和血液指标的影响,选用24头大白×长白二元杂交去势公猪(平均体质量17.25±0.62 kg),随机分为4个处理,每处理6个重复,分别经臀部注射0、4、6和8 mg的pGRF基因质粒.结果表明:pGRF基因质粒对猪不同生长阶段的影响不同,注射pGRF基因质粒后1～8周效果好于9～15周且促生长效果与剂量有关.整个试验期以6 mg效果最佳,日增体质量(ADG)和耗料增重比(F/G)较对照组分别提高8.02%(P<0.05)和降低7.64%(P<0.05).注射4和6 mg pGRF基因质粒能显著提高猪血液中生长激素的浓度(P<0.05).在注射pGRF基因质粒105 d后,血液中血糖、血清尿素氮和甘油三酯与对照组无显著差异.     

高压水蒸气蒸馏法提取和厚朴树枝有效精油成分

为了有效利用和厚朴的树枝,在1.5、1.7、2.1 MPa等不同压力条件下,对和厚朴树枝进行高压水蒸气蒸馏以提取有效成分厚朴酚与和厚朴酚。对蒸馏液和废液进行气相色谱-质谱(GCMS)分析,并以有机溶剂提取出的厚朴酚与和厚朴酚作为全部提取量,计算厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的转移率。结果表明,1.5 MPa高压水蒸气蒸馏的精油收率为4.53%,厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的转移率分别为33.61%和30.59%。2.1 MPa高压水蒸气蒸馏的精油收率最高(9.05%),但是厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的转移率比1.5 MPa条件下的转移率降低。在高温高压条件下,短时间内从和厚朴树枝中得到了高提取率的厚朴酚与和厚朴酚。和厚朴的蒸馏压力越高,各成分的提取率越高,但随着压力的增加,提取成分有可能发生化学变化。     

Hydrogen radicals, nitrogen radicals, and the production of O3 in the upper troposphere

The concentrations of the hydrogen radicals OH and HO2 in the middle and upper troposphere were measured simultaneously with those of NO, O3, CO, H2O, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and with the ultraviolet and visible radiation field. The data allow a direct examination of the processes that produce O3 in this region of the atmosphere. Comparison of the measured concentrations of OH and HO2 with calculations based on their production from water vapor, ozone, and methane demonstrate that these sources are insufficient to explain the observed radical concentrations in the upper troposphere. The photolysis of carbonyl and peroxide compounds transported to this region from the lower troposphere may provide the source of HOx required to sustain the measured abundances of these radical species. The mechanism by which NO affects the production of O3 is also illustrated by the measurements. In the upper tropospheric air masses sampled, the production rate for ozone (determined from the measured concentrations of HO2 and NO) is calculated to be about 1 part per billion by volume each day. This production rate is faster than previously thought and implies that anthropogenic activities that add NO to the upper troposphere, such as biomass burning and aviation, will lead to production of more O3 than expected.     

基于时域和频域的层积材强度检测系统

为对层积材强度进行无损在线检测,设计了一种基于时域和频域分析法的层积材强度检测系统,并阐述了该系统的检测原理、系统构成和软件实现。该系统采用研华开发的PCI-1710HG采集卡进行数据采集,以工控机为数据处理核心,通过提取振动信号对数衰减率和试件各阶固有频率实现层积材强度的检测。最后通过验证实验证明,该系统设计是可行的。      

海带岩藻聚糖及其级分在氧化应激条件下对肉鸡巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响

【目的】在氧化应激条件下,研究海带岩藻聚糖及其级分对肉鸡巨噬细胞免疫功能的影响,初步探讨海带岩藻聚糖及其级分的免疫调节功能与抗氧化作用的关系。【方法】以叔丁基过氧化氢（tBOOH）为活性氧诱导剂,加入肉鸡腹腔巨噬细胞培养液中,测定细胞培养液中抗氧化酶的变化,巨噬细胞分泌一氧化氮（NO）、诱导型一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS）、以及细胞因子IL-1和TFN-α等免疫指标的变化。【结果】用tBOOH处理后的巨噬细胞,细胞存活率显著下降（P＜0.05）,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和丙二醛（MDA）显著升高（P＜0.05）,SOD和GSH-Px酶活性显著降低（P＜0.05）。巨噬细胞的吞噬活性显著降低（P＜0.05）,NO、iNOS和呼吸爆发显著降低（P＜0.05）,细胞因子IL-1分泌量显著下降（P＜0.05）,表明细胞出现明显的氧化损伤。在培养液中加入海带岩藻聚糖及其级分,能够缓解细胞的氧化应激,使得细胞存活率上升,LDH和MDA降低,SOD和GSH-Px升高,免疫指标均有不同程度的恢复。【结论】海带岩藻聚糖及其级分具有抗氧化活性,不同级分的抗氧化活性存在差异,其中级分Ⅲ、级分Ⅳ的作用较强。海带岩藻聚糖对巨噬细胞的免疫促进作用与其抗氧化活性有关。     

浅谈北京秋季节日花卉应用

总结节日花卉应用背景和主要形式,并通过对2007年国庆期间北京模纹花坛、盛花花坛、花境的调查分析,归纳出北京秋季节日常用花卉名录,并从植物材料和创作手法方面总结节日花卉应用的特点。＂迎奥运花展＂为秋季节日花卉的应用提供了新的机遇,新奇植物品种和农作物的改良品种增加了植物材料的丰富性,也为日后秋季节日花卉的应用开辟新途径...