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41.
42.
Bandyopadhyay S Mahanti A Samanta I Dutta TK Ghosh MK Bera AK Bandyopadhyay S Bhattacharya D 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(3):705-710
A total of 107 faecal samples were collected from diarrhoeic lambs of high altitude terrains (2,000 to 5,000 m above the mean
sea level) of Tawang and West Kameng districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Total 234 Escherichia coli were isolated and further subjected to PCR for the study of virulence repertoire characteristics of Shiga toxin-producing
E. coli (STEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Out of the 234 isolated E. coli, 32% were found positive for STEC, and 9% were carrying virulence gene for ETEC. The isolated STEC serogroups were O159,
O127, O120, O113, O60, O30, O25, O8 and O2. Of all the 74 STEC strains, PCR showed that 18% isolates carried stx
1
, 26% possessed stx
2
and 47% produced positive amplicon for both. Other virulent attributes like intimin (eaeA), enterohaemolysin (ehxA) and STEC auto-agglutinating adhesin (saa) were present in 18%, 43% and 44% of the isolates, respectively. The isolated ETEC serogroups were O172, O170, O159, O146,
O127, O120, O113, O86, O75, O60, O30, O25, O8, O2, OR and OUT. Of the 22 ETEC-positive isolates, 23%, 18% and 4.5% possessed
the gene only for LT, STa and STb, respectively, whereas 54% carried genes for both LT and STb. Some serogroups of E. coli like O159, O127, O120, O113, O60, O30, O25, O8 and O2 possessed genes for both Shiga toxin and enterotoxin. This study is
the first report of ETEC isolation from diarrhoeic lambs in India. The moderately high proportion of STEC and ETEC in the
diarrhoeic lambs implicated that these animals are important reservoir of STEC and ETEC. This is really a grave concern for
the ‘brokpas’ and nomads (shepherds) who share a close relationship with this animals for their livelihood. This study also
indicates that ETEC may be a major cause for frequent diarrhoeal episodes in lambs of this region. 相似文献
43.
Nitai Debnath Sumistha Das Dipankar Seth Ramesh Chandra Somesh Ch. Bhattacharya Arunava Goswami 《Journal of pest science》2011,84(1):99-105
Fumigants and residual insecticides are commonly used to combat stored grain pests. In recent years, consumer awareness of
the health hazard from residual toxicity and the growing problem of insect resistance to these conventional insecticides have
led the researchers to look for alternative strategies for stored grains protection. For example, diatomaceous earth (DE)
can be effective against stored grain insects. In this study, DE was used to design amorphous nano sized hydrophilic, hydrophobic,
and lipophilic silica in 15–30 nm size range. Nanocides are expected to reduce the volume of application and kinetics of development
of resistance in pests. We hypothesized that surface-functionalized silica nanoparticle (SNP) might be a viable alternative
to conventional pesticides. Entomotoxicity of SNP was tested against rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae and its efficacy was compared with bulk-sized silica (individual particles larger than 1 μm). Amorphous SNP was found to
be highly effective against this insect pest causing more than 90% mortality, indicating the effectiveness of SNP to control
insect pests. 相似文献
44.
Gaurav?KrishnaEmail author P.?Sairam?Reddy Pramod?W.?Ramteke Pogiri?Rambabu Kailas?Bhagawanrao?Tawar Parthasarathi?Bhattacharya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(3):197-204
Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation was performed using embryonic axes explants of pigeon pea. Both legume pod borer resistant
gene (cry1Ac) and plant selectable marker neomycine phosphor transferase (nptII) genes under the constitutive expression of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMV35S) assembled in pPZP211 binary
vector were used for the experiments. An optimum average of 44.61% successfully hardened dot blot Southern hybridization positive
plants were obtained on co-cultivation media supplemented with 200 μM acetosyringone without L-cysteine. The increased transformation
efficiency from a baseline of 11.53% without acetosyringone to 44.61% with acetosyringone was further declined with the addition
of different concentrations of L-cysteine to co-cultivation media. Transgenic shoots were selected on 50 and 75 mg L−1 kanamycin. Rooting efficiency was 100% on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium with 20 g L−1 sucrose and 0.5 mg L−1 indole butyric acid in the absence of kanamycin. Furthermore, 100% seed setting was found among all the transgenic events.
The plants obtained were subjected to multi- and nochoice tests to determine the behavioral responses and mortality through
Helicoverpa armigera bioassays on the leaf and relate their relationship with the expression of cry1Ac protein which was found to be less in leaf as compared to the floral buds, anther, pod, and seed. 相似文献
45.
The presence of arsenic in irrigation water and in paddy field soil were investigated to assess the accumulation of arsenic
and its distribution in the various parts (root, straw, husk, and grain) of rice plant from an arsenic effected area of West
Bengal. Results showed that the level of arsenic in irrigation water (0.05–0.70 mg l−1) was much above the WHO recommended arsenic limit of 0.01 mg l−1 for drinking water. The paddy soil gets contaminated from the irrigation water and thus enhancing the bioaccumulation of
arsenic in rice plants. The total soil arsenic concentrations ranged from 1.34 to 14.09 mg kg−1. Soil organic carbon showed positive correlation with arsenic accumulation in rice plant, while soil pH showed strong negative
correlation. Higher accumulation of arsenic was noticed in the root (6.92 ± 0.241–28.63 ± 0.225 mg kg−1) as compared to the straw (1.18 ± 0.002–2.13 ± 0.009 mg kg−1), husk (0.40 ± 0.004–1.05 ± 0.006 mg kg−1), and grain (0.16 ± 0.001–0.58 ± 0.003 mg kg−1) parts of the rice plant. However, the accumulation of arsenic in the rice grain of all the studied samples was found to
be between 0.16 ± 0.001 and 0.58 ± 0.003 mg kg−1 dry weights of arsenic, which did not exceed the permissible limit in rice (1.0 mg kg−1 according to WHO recommendation). Two rice plant varieties, one high yielding (Red Minikit) and another local (Megi) had been chosen for the study of arsenic translocation. Higher translocation of arsenic was seen in the high yielding variety
(0.194–0.393) compared to that by the local rice variety (0.099–0.161). An appreciable high efficiency in translocation of
arsenic from shoot to grain (0.099–0.393) was observed in both the rice varieties compared to the translocation from root
to shoot (0.040–0.108). 相似文献
46.
47.
Induction of fertilizable eggs by conspecific vitellogenin implantation in captive female walking catfish,Clarias batrachus (Linn.)
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Debapriya Bhattacharya Shrabanti Sarkar Subir Kumar Juin Panchanan Nath 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(9):3167-3175
The synthesis of vitellogenin (Vg) is induced by conspecific Vg (Vg1 and Vg2) and estradiol‐17β (E2) as demonstrated by the pattern of 3H‐serine incorporation in the liver and plasma proteins. The incorporation studies indicated that the label was first incorporated into the liver after which it appeared in the blood in both E2‐ and Vg‐treated male catfish. Since Vg was capable of inducing its own synthesis, experiments were conducted in females during preparatory–prespawning period (March–May) to make them gravid by implanting Vg pellets. Two implantations of 4 mg Vg1 pellets into female catfish with an interval of 15 days, followed by laboratory maintenance for 45 days of initial implantation showed a significant increment in ovarian weight with concomitant formation of yolky oocytes through synthesis and incorporation of Vg, whereas Vg2 implantation was not effective in this regard. Histological observation of yolky oocytes in Vg1‐treated group showed the peripheral migration of germinal vesicle (eccentric germinal vesicle), which indicates the onset of maturation. On 45th day, third implantation with 2 mg Vg pellets was performed and after 15 days, fish were hormonally induced with a single injection of hCG (2,000 IU/kg fish). Six groups were considered such as initial control, BSA‐implanted control, Vg1‐implanted, Vg2‐implanted, catfish collected from the field on the last day of the experiment and catfish collected during spawning period in this experiment with 3–7 fish in each group. Each of the experimental fish was sexually mature and the body weight was between 100 and 125 g. The percentage of ovulation and fertilization in the eggs of Vg1‐implanted group was 91% and 78%, respectively, which was almost similar to that of gravid female catfish collected during breeding period (July). The breeding performance in BSA‐ and Vg2‐treated females was very poor. The fertilized eggs were hatched in the laboratory conditions. Thus, in the female catfish, Vg1 not only induces vitellogenesis but also makes the oocytes viable for fertilization. 相似文献
48.
New slow-releasing molybdenum fertilizer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bandyopadhyay S Bhattacharya I Ghosh K Varadachari C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(4):1343-1349
This paper describes a new water-insoluble molybdenum compound that has been developed as a slow-release fertilizer. The compound is an inorganic polymer formed by inclusion of molybdenum within a long-chain polyphosphate structure. It was designed by a process of "reverse engineering" of the molecule. Synthesis involved reaction of phosphoric acid with magnesium oxide, molybdenum trioxide, and sodium carbonate at 275 degrees C. Kinetics of reaction revealed complex multistage processes. X-ray diffraction patterns showed a crystalline nature with short-range as well as long-range ordering. The magnesium sodium polymolybdophosphate had ideal slow-release characteristics; it had low water solubility and high citrate solubility and was powdery, free flowing, and nonhygroscopic. Field testing showed an 80% increase in yield of green gram at a low dose of 0.04 kg/ha Mo. Nodulation increased by over 161%, and N content of gram increased by 20%. The slow-release fertilizer would provide an effective, low-cost, and environmentaly friendly alternative to Mo fertilization. 相似文献
49.
Tapan K. Mandal Anjan Bhattacharya Animesh K. Chakraborty Dipak K. Basak 《Pest management science》1992,35(3):201-207
Disposition kinetics in goats of fenvalerate [(RS)-α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (RS)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrate] were studied after oral administration at 5 mg kg?1. The insecticide persisted in blood for up to 48 h. The Vd(area), t1/2(β), and t1/2(Ka), of fenvalerate were 12.14 (±0.39) litre kg?1, 12.25 (±0.25) h and 0.63 (±0.11)h, while the AUC and ClB values were respectively 7.35 (±0.39) μg h ml?1 and 0.68 (±0.04) litre kg?1 h?1. The residues in tissues reached a peak four days after insecticide administration and then started to decline. Maximum residue was found in the adrenal gland, followed by liver, kidney and intestine. Both GOT and GPT activities in kidney tissue, but only GPT activities in liver tissue had decreased significantly 4, 8 and 22 days post-administration. The fenvalerate did not produce any significant effects on serum acetylcholinesterase, cholesterol or protein levels in goats. Histopathological examination showed fatty changes in the periphery of lobule, congestion in sinusoid, haemolysis in central vein, necrosis and periportal fibrosis around the central vein of liver, and necrosis in kidney of fenvalerate-treated goats. 相似文献
50.
R. C. Bhattacharya M. Maheswari V. Dineshkumar P. B. Kirti S. R. Bhat V. L. Chopra 《Scientia Horticulturae》2004,100(1-4):215-227
The bacterial betA gene for biosynthesis of glycinebetaine was transferred to cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) cultivar ‘Golden Acre’ through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of hypocotyl explants. Transgenic status was established through Southern hybridization and mRNA expression in the shoots. The transformants exhibited higher tolerance to NaCl stress compared to untransformed parent plants. In physiological assessment of salinity tolerance, transgenics showed better growth response and greater stability in maintaining plant water relations at increasing levels of salinity. These results demonstrate that engineering glycinebetaine biosynthetic pathway into cabbage can lead to enhanced salt tolerance. 相似文献