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71.
A. Carvalho Manuela Matos José Lima-Brito H. Guedes-Pinto César Benito 《Euphytica》2005,143(1-2):93-99
Inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR) were used to fingerprint three kinds of F1 interspecific hybrids: the Portuguese durum wheat cultivar ‘Candial’ × tritordeum, the Portuguese bread wheat cultivar ‘Barbela’ × tritordeum and the Portuguese triticale cultivar ‘Douro’ × tritordeum. Among the 30 primers tested, the number of discriminative primers varies from 13 to 20 in each hybrid combination, the total number of ISSR loci analysed ranged from 101 to 183, and the number of discriminative ISSR loci varied from 50 to 71. ISSR-PCR technique revealed to be a valuable fingerprint system for all F1 hybrid combinations and respective parents analysed here. The complementary use of molecular cytogenetic techniques and molecular markers could allow a more accurately evaluation and characterisation of different plant species. 相似文献
72.
P. V. M. Steagall J. Benito B. Monteiro D. Lascelles P. W. Kronen J. C. Murrell S. Robertson B. Wright K. Yamashita 《The Journal of small animal practice》2020,61(1):19-23
The World Small Animal Veterinary Association Global Pain Council (WSAVA-GPC) has recently published its first “capsule review” by Monteiro et al. These are short articles that present a brief assessment of the scientific evidence and practical recommendations on important, and sometimes controversial, subjects in pain management. The capsules will be published regularly in the Journal of Small Animal Practice, the official journal of the WSAVA. This second article discusses the use of intraperitoneal and incisional analgesia in small animal practice, including their limitations and recommendations by the authors. 相似文献
73.
J. Benito B. Hansen V. DePuy G.S. Davidson A. Thomson W. Simpson S. Roe E. Hardie B.D.X. Lascelles 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(3):474-482
Background
Progress in establishing if therapies provide relief to cats with degenerative joint disease (DJD)‐associated pain is hampered by a lack of validated owner‐administered assessment methods.Hypothesis
That an appropriately developed subjective owner‐completed instrument (Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index‐FMPI) to assess DJD‐associated impairment would have responsiveness and criterion validity.Animals
Twenty‐five client‐owned cats with DJD‐associated pain.Methods
FMPI responsiveness (ability to detect the effect of an analgesic treatment) and validity (correlation with an objective measure) were explored through a stratified, randomized, double blinded, placebo‐controlled, crossover 10‐week clinical study. Meloxicam was administered to effect pain relief. A linear mixed model, backward stepwise regression, and Pearson correlations were used to assess responsiveness and criterion validity with the assumption that the NSAID would increase activity.Results
Positive responses of cats to placebo (P = .0001) and meloxicam treatment (P = .0004) were detected; however, the instrument did not detect any difference between placebo and meloxicam (linear mixed model), even for the high impairment cases. Percent meloxicam target dose administered, temperament, and total baseline FMPI score were covariates that most affected FMPI scores. Controlling for significant covariates, most positive effects were seen for placebo treatment. Positive treatment effects on activity were detected, but only for the cases designated as most highly impaired.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Neither responsiveness nor criterion validity were detected by the inclusion criteria for cases in this study. The data suggest that further work is indicated to understand factors affecting activity in cats to optimize inclusion criteria. 相似文献74.
A large sheep-dog population from the province of Alava (northern Spain) has been investigated in order to determine the prevalence of the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus. Worms were detected in 14.0% of 721 dog faecal supernatants by coproantigen ELISA, and in 9.1% of 754 dog serum samples by serum antibody ELISA. A weak but statistically significant correlation (Spearman's rho=0.103, 95% CI: 0.023-0.178) between the two immunoassay results was found. In addition, eggs of the family Taeniidae were detected in 10.3% of 726 faecal samples examined by coproparasitological (flotation and sedimentation) tests. The overall E. granulosus infection rate, based on a Bayesian latent class model that accounts for the imperfect sensitivities and specificities of all diagnostic tests used, was estimated to be 8.0% (95% credible interval: 5.4-11.4%), corroborating that sheep-dog is the dog class most vulnerable to acquiring the infection. Dog sex did not influence the prevalence of E. granulosus, independently of the diagnostic test used or the dog region of origin. No significant linear correlation was found between the coproantigen ELISA OD values and the dog age (Spearman's rho=-0.049, 95% CI: -0.234 to 0.135), suggesting that there were no differences in prevalence of E. granulosus between old and young dogs. The obtained results highlight the importance of initiating a control program based on regular treatment of the sheep-dogs with praziquantel in the province of Alava. 相似文献
75.
Lluís Benejam Josep Benito Emili García-Berthou 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,210(1-4):231-242
Despite many efforts for pollution abatement in aquatic ecosystems, there are still some cases of high accumulation of industrial pollutants due to past activities. In Flix reservoir (Ebro River, Spain), there are around 200,000–360,000 tons of industrial pollutants with a high concentration of heavy metals and organochlorides due to the activity of an organochlorine industry during more than half a century. This exceptional amount of pollutants provides a good opportunity (and need) to analyse their effects on fish populations under natural conditions, which is rarely available to ecotoxicologists. We compared the reproductive traits and prevalence of diseases and parasites at this impacted area with a neighbouring upstream reservoir unaffected by the pollution (reference sites) and also to downstream sites. Deformity, eroded fin, lesion and tumour (DELT) anomalies and ectoparasites were clearly more frequent at the impacted area for several fish species (common carp, roach and pumpkinseed). A significant negative impact of Flix reservoir on condition (eviscerated and liver weights, adjusted for fish size with analysis of covariance) and reproductive traits (gonadal weight and number of mature eggs, adjusted for fish size) was also detected for several fish species. The responses to the pollutants were species-specific, and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was the species with the clearest effects on fitness-related traits at the impacted area, despite also being among the most tolerant to pollution. 相似文献
76.
The present work was aimed at evaluating the effects of maternal exposure to potassium cyanide (KCN) during lactation in goats. Twenty-seven lactating female goats were orally dosed with 0 (control), 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 mg KCN/kg body weight/day from lactation days 0 to 90. After this period, all male kids and one mother from each group were killed for a pathological study. Cyanide treatment promoted the clinical signs of maternal toxicity in the highest KCN group but did not affect body weight. Both cyanide and thiocyanate presented increased levels in both dams and kids from the treated groups. Microscopic lesions, but without alterations on the biochemical panel, were found in the brain, thyroid, liver, and kidneys of both dams and kids from the treated groups. These findings suggest that lactating offspring can be indirectly intoxicated by maternal exposure to cyanide. 相似文献
77.
Virulence-associated genes in Escherichia coli isolates from poultry with colibacillosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, the causative agent of colibacillosis, harbors several putative virulence genes. In this study we examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the presence of 16 of those genes in 200 colibacillosis isolates from our region. The seven virulence genes iutA, iss, cvaC, tsh, papC, papG and felA were detected significantly more often amongst colibacillosis isolates than in fecal isolates from healthy birds, thereby confirming their worldwide occurrence and possible pathogenic role in colibacillosis. However, several of those genes were not detected in many colibacillosis isolates, and none of them were detected in 27.5% of those isolates, which suggests that variants of those genes and yet undetected virulence factors should be searched for. 相似文献
78.
Cases of poisoning by oleander (Nerium oleander) were observed in several species, except in goats. This study aimed to evaluate the pathological effects of oleander in goats. The experimental design used three goats per group: the control group, which did not receive oleander and the experimental group, which received leaves of oleander (50 mg/kg/day) for six consecutive days. On the seventh day, goats received 110 mg/kg of oleander leaves four times at one-hourly interval. A last dose of 330 mg/kg of oleander leaves was given subsequently. After the last dose was administered, clinical signs such as apathy, colic, vocalizations, hyperpnea, polyuria, and moderate rumen distention were observed. Electrocardiogram revealed second-degree atrioventricular block. Death occurred on an average at 92 min after the last dosing. Microscopic evaluation revealed renal necrosis at convoluted and collector tubules and slight myocardial degeneration was observed by unequal staining of cardiomyocytes. Data suggest that goats appear to respond to oleander poisoning in a manner similar to other species. 相似文献
79.
Manzano H de Sousa AB Soto-Blanco B Guerra JL Maiorka PC Górniak SL 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(1):93-104
Animal performance and health status are adversely affected by long-term cyanide ingestion; however, the effects of cyanide
ingestion by pigs have not been fully determined. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of prolonged exposure
to different doses of potassium cyanide (KCN) in growing-finishing swine. Twenty-four pigs, 45 days of age, were divided into
four equal groups and treated with different doses of KCN: 0, 2.0, 4.0 or 6.0 mg per kg body weight per day for 70 consecutive
days. The results showed a significant alteration in thiocyanate, creatinine and urea levels and in alanine aminotransferase
activity of swine dosed with 4.0 and 6.0 mg/kg/KCN. Thyroid weight was significantly increased in those pigs from 4.0 mg/kg
KCN group, but no change in cholesterol, triiodothyronine or thyroline levels were observed. Body and carcase weights, body
weight gain, and bacon thickness were not affected by KCN treatment. The histopathological study revealed increased numbers
of vacuoles in the colloid of thyroid follicles, degeneration of cerebellar white matter and Purkinje cells, degeneration
of renal tubular epithelial cells, caryolysis and pyknosis in hepatocytes, and disturbance of the normal lobular architecture
of the liver in all treated pigs. Thus, long-term administration of KCN to swine affects several tissues and could adversely
affect animal production. 相似文献
80.
Rovira S Muñoz A Benito M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(1):31-35
This research assesses the relative contribution of splenic contraction and fluid shifts out of the vascular compartment to the increases in packed cell volume associated with Agility exercises. It also aims to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of electrolytes and markers of hydration state. Fifteen dogs of both sexes were subjected to an Agility exercise of an approximate duration of 100 s. Blood samples were obtained within the first 30 s after competition and at 5, 15, and 30 min of recuperation. Resting values were established previously. The following parameters were determined: packed cell volume (PCV), plasma lactate (LA), total plasma protein (TPP), albumin (ALB), urea (BUN), creatinine (CREA), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na) and potassium (K). Changes in plasma volume (PV), total RBC volume (V(RBC)) and blood volume (BV) were calculated immediately after exercise and at 30 minutes of recovery. It was found that during Agility competition, BV, V(RBC) and PV increased 12, 21 and 4% respectively, indicating that the spleen contraction was the main determinant on the increase of BV. In comparison with resting values, BV decreased after recuperation (-5%), due to the recapture of erythrocytes by the splenic reserve (V(RBC), -12%). Additionally, Agility exercise induced increases in plasma Cl and LA, with significant reductions of ALB, Ca and P and absence of modifications in Na, K, BUN and CREA concentrations. 相似文献