部分放开森林采伐限额政策探讨

通过分析不同森林类型采伐的经营特点,探讨森林采伐限额政策的适宜程度,形成对部分类型森林放开采伐限额的思路,分析评估放开采伐限额政策的风险,提出改善森林采伐限额政策建议。     

紫荆光合日进程及光响应

自然条件下使用LCA-4型便携式光合测定系统研究了紫荆连体叶片的光合日变化及光响应。结果表明:(1)净光合速率的日进程曲线呈“双峰”型,胞间CO2浓度的日进程基本与净光合速率相反,中午胞间CO2浓度增高,表明净光合速率午间降低主要受非气孔限制因素的影响。暗呼吸速率日进程为单峰曲线,中午最高。气孔阻力的日变化曲线是单谷型,午间最低。(2)一天分时段光响应试验表明,饱和光强和表观量子效率上午最高,中午最低,下午有所上升。下午的光补偿点是上午的2倍,中午则是上午的近3倍。不同时段遮光都使得气孔阻力和胞间CO2浓度升高。     

地带性植物在营建地域特色景观中的应用

在自然界中,植物与气候、地貌、土壤等环境要素共同形成一个自然综合体,因而地带内的植物可反映当地的综合环境特征,乃至风土人情。通过对地带性植物的概念和理论发展进行梳理,针对地带性植物资源分布调查的结果探讨城市园林绿地的营建方法,总结时下的关注热点及地带性植物在城市园林绿化中的应用特性和潜在价值。总结表明,以植物群落为主体的地域特色景观营建的理论和实践处于上升阶段。应以营建专类地带性植物景观为起点,模拟自然群落,建立人工生态系统,结合生态和气候、土壤等的地带性特征,展现人文历史风情。     

不同核背景对玉米CMS-C线粒体复合体活性的影响

为探究不同核背景下线粒体复合体活性对玉米C型雄性不育系育性的影响,明确其与花药败育的关系.以同质异核不育系K932S、K169S、近等基因恢复系K932R和保持系K169为材料,采用植物线粒体呼吸链复合体酶联免疫分析试剂盒对花药发育不同时期的5个线粒体复合体活性进行测定比较.结果表明,除花粉母细胞时期复合体Ⅱ、Ⅳ外,其...     

北京市城市污水污泥的处理和处置问题研究

本文对北京市城市污水污泥的产生、处理和处置问题进行了论述,并就污泥利用的优缺点进行了论述,推荐采用堆肥处理造粒制肥后作农用。     

摩托车道路模拟试验设计

针对摩托车轮胎耦合道路模拟试验约束复杂、迭代精度波动性大等特点,对摩托车RPC(远程参数控制)道路模拟试验过程及原理进行了深入分析,确定了摩托车轮胎耦合道路模拟试验迭代精度的影响因素及水平,建立了相应试验指标。采用正交试验设计方法对摩托车道路模拟试验进行了试验设计,对安排的试验进行了随机试验。通过对试验结果进行方差分析,确定了最优试验方案。采用最优试验方案进行摩托车道路模拟试验可以得到较高的模拟迭代精度。     

曲轴强度的接触有限元分析与算法比较

运用ANSYS软件对某四缸汽油机曲轴强度进行了接触有限元计算分析,详细讨论了载荷与边界条件的处理及ANSYS接触分析方法,并将曲轴强度的接触有限元法与其他有限元计算方法进行了比较分析。     

棉花GbSTK基因调控开花和黄萎病抗性的功能研究

Cotton is an important cash crop, and achieving disease resistance as well as early maturity is an important breeding goal. However, the molecular relationship between disease resistance and early maturity of cotton is still a research gap. In previous study, we identified a GbSTK gene response to V. dahliae that could enhance Verticillium wilt resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis. In this study, we found that GbSTK was more highly expressed in resistance and/or tolerant varieties than in susceptible varieties. Knocking down of GbSTK expression in Nongda 601 showed that the silenced plants displayed serious disease symptoms, with disease index from 27.5 (tolerant) to 63.2 (susceptible), suggesting that GbSTK positively regulates cotton Verticillium wilt resistance. More interesting, we found that GbSTK could promote the development of Arabidopsis. At the flowering time point, the average number of rosette leaves in transgenic lines was 7.5, significantly less than the mock plants, and the transgenic plants bloomed five to seven days earlier than the control. The FT and SOC1 gene, regarded as marker genes in Arabidopsis flowering signaling pathway, maintained higher expression level in transgenic lines than in the mock, indicating that GbSTK could accelerate flowering via regulating FT and SOC1 gene expression. We also obtained 30 candidate proteins that could interacted with GbSTK via yeast double hybrid test, which helped to further revealing the molecular regulatory network of GbSTK. Taken together, we first identified a functional gene that could improve disease resistance and early flowering, which would provide a reference for genetic improvement of cotton disease resistant and early maturity.     

双氰胺对土壤酶活性的影响

本文选用沈阳市东陵区天拄山耕作棕壤,采用室内培养试验研究了双氰胺对土壤酶活性的影响情况。双氰胺对土壤中性磷酸酶活性的影响主要在培养的前20天,表现为显著的抑制作用;对土壤脲酶活性的影响主要在培养的第20、30天时表现为显著的抑制作用;对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响在培养的第30天时表现为显著的激活作用;对土壤转化酶活性影响不大。     

Evaluation of aluminum tolerance of three barley cultivars by two short-term screening methods and field experiments

Productivity of cereal crops growing in acid soils of Southern Chile have adversely being affected by acidification and aluminum phytotoxicity. For overcoming such constraints, farmers need to apply heavy amounts of lime and/or use AI-tolerant plants especially with AI-sensitive crops, as barley is. The objectives of this study were to determine the degree of Al tolerance of . three barley cultivars commonly grown in volcanic soils by using two shortterm screening methods and to relate their rankings with field experiments. Additionally, the amounts of citric and malic acids exuded from roots were determined for studying the mechanism involved in Al tolerance. Relative root length (RRL) was the criterion used to evaluate Al tolerance both in nutrient solution and in soil-based culture and yield for field experiments. Results showed a close relationship between the RRL values obtained with the three barley cultivars by applying the two short-term screening methods. Barley yields obtained in field experiments carried out in two soils differing in Al contents agreed well with the ranking observed in the laboratory suggesting that the short-term screening methods could be a useful tool for knowing Al tolerance of cereals habitually cropped in our acidic volcanic soils. Citric and malic acids were detected mainly in the exudates from the most AI-tolerant barley which could indicate a chelation mechanism implied in such a tolerance.