Preparation and Identification of Canine Parvovirus NY Strain VP2 Protein Polyclonal Antibody

This study was aimed to prepare canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 protein polyclonal antibody.The recombinant expression vector pET28a-CPV-VP2 was constructed and transfromed into E.coli BL21 (DE3),the expression of recombinant proteins was induced by IPTG from which the fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE.The target protein was purified and emulsify with adjuvant,the prepared immunogen was inoculated into rabbit by subcutaneous injections to prepare of VP2 protein specific polyclonal antibody.The immuno-activity,titers,neutralization titers of the prepared polyclonal antibody were determined by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA).The results showed that the expressed recombinant protein VP2 (rVP2) existed in the form of inclusion body with a molecular weight of 72 ku.The prepared polyclonal antibody titer was 1 600 dilution,the virus titer was 10⁷ TCID₅₀/mL,the neutralizing titer was 1∶2 884.The antibodies showed specific reaction with CPV.In conclusion,rVP2 specific polyclonal antibody showed wonderful immunocompetence,specificity and neutralizing activity,providing foundation for the development of genetic vaccine and clinical therapeutic method.     

Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Test on Rats of a New Kind of Antidiarrheal Chinese Herbal Medicine Compound Preparation for Livestock

In order to understand the security of a new kind of antidiarrheal Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation for livestock,acute and sub-chronic toxicity test were conducted.Acute toxicity test used the largest drug dose method,20 Wistar rats were orally treated with the Chinese medicine compound preparation.In the sub-chronic toxicity test,80 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 20 rats in each group and orally given a dose of 3 000,1 500,750 and 0 mg/(kg·BW）of Chinese medicine compound preparation once a day for 30 days.The general clinical status was observed,rats weight were measured and the dose was adjusted every week during the test,after the test measured blood routine index,biochemistry index,and preceded the gross anatomy observation,weighing each major organs and calculated the viscera coefficient,and proceded main viscera histopathological observation between the high dose group and the control group.The acute toxicity results showed that every rat would be alive gavaged with the lethal dose（LD₅₀）of compound preparation larger 5 g/(kg·BW).The sub-chronic toxicity autopsy showed that except heart,lung,and testicles in individual rats appeared mild bleeding in the high dose group,the other dose group organs found no abnormal change.The haematological index showed except mononuclear cell rate（P<0.05),and hematocrit declined significantly（P<0.05）in the high dose group,all the indexes of the other groups were in the normal range,there was no significant difference from the control group.The test suggested the Chinese medicine compound preparation was no toxicity under the condition of this test according to acute toxicity classification standard of exogenous chemicals by WTO,there was no effect on the growth and development of rats in the sub-chronic toxicity test,and there was no chronic toxicity at least 1 500 mg/kg feeding conditions in short-term repeated application.     

阶段性极端高温对七星瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

为明确极端高温天气对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata生长发育和繁殖的影响,通过模拟田间高温发生情况,设置6h极端高温(36℃和39℃)与不同持续时间(1d和3d)对七星瓢虫卵和成虫进行胁迫,以25℃恒温饲养处理为对照,观察统计其发育历期、存活率、繁殖力及子代孵化率。结果表明,在相同高温胁迫模式下,七星瓢虫成虫的耐热性要明显高于卵,如在39℃处理1d后,卵和成虫的存活率分别为52.09%和93.94%;处理温度越高,高温持续时间越长,七星瓢虫卵的存活率越低,36℃处理1、3d和39℃处理1、3d后卵的存活率依次为71.31%、62.87%、52.09%和24.98%。七星瓢虫卵经39℃处理3d后,其孵化1龄幼虫的发育历期为2.77d,显著长于对照组(2.11d),其余龄期幼虫的发育历期、整个幼虫期和蛹期与对照组均无显著差异,说明七星瓢虫发育前期经历极端高温可能会导致其发育后期生长加速,出现生长补偿现象。卵期受极端高温的影响要显著大于成虫期,卵和成虫在39℃处理1d后的单雌产卵量分别为42.67粒和139.79粒;所有高温处理组的子代卵孵化率均显著低于对照组(85.42%),介于0~64.13%之间。另外,各高温处理组的种群趋势指数在5.26~56.02之间,均低于对照组(78.76)。表明夏季极端高温天气频发可能导致七星瓢虫种群数量减少,不建议此时期在田间释放七星瓢虫卵进行害虫防控。     

热带睡莲新品种‘蓝紫妃’的选育

热带睡莲新品种‘蓝紫妃’(Nymphaea‘Lan Zi Fei’)是由睡莲品种‘保罗蓝’(N.‘Paul Stetson’)籽播实生苗选育。植株大型,重瓣,花型放射状,花瓣蓝白复色,花径18~22 cm,花瓣23~27枚,花梗直立,挺水高度17~24 cm,萼片4片,开花多且硕大,具芳香。叶面绿色并分布不规则暗紫色斑块,叶卵圆形,叶缘具不规则锯齿,平均叶面积为36 cm×33 cm;白天开花型,单花花期3~4 d;南宁地区盛花期5—11月下旬,喜全光照,在南宁地区可露天越冬。     

半固定沙地樟子松小叶锦鸡儿混交林营造及经营技术研究

在对嫩江沙地樟子松和小叶锦鸡儿人工混交林林分状况和生长指标调查的基础上,采用统计分析方法,探讨了混交林主辅林种间的生长消长关系,结果表明:随着林龄的增长,辅助树种小叶锦鸡儿对主栽树种樟子松的生长发育具有抑制作用,樟子松的生长发育进程减慢,应对小叶锦鸡儿林分进行人工干预,以促进樟子松的生长发育。     

多轮次筛选选育高酚酸耐受性丁醇生产菌

纤维原料预处理过程中会产生酚酸等抑制菌株生长的物质,为选育出高丁醇产量及高耐受酚酸胁迫丁醇生产菌株,该研究利用多因子复合筛选策略筛选出一株能够合成足够还原力与对丁醇耐受性较好的菌株Clostridium beijerinckii W6。通过丁醇胁迫适应性进化获得丁醇耐受菌W6-1,其丁醇和总溶剂产量相较于菌株W6分别提高了14.01%和16.85%。通过紫外诱变处理菌株W6-1并结合理性筛选模型最终获得丁醇产量较高菌株W6-2,其丁醇及总溶剂产量分别可达到（9.51±0.06）和（15.32±0.11）g/L。最后将菌株W6-2通过酚酸胁迫适应性进化得到突变菌W6-3,其能耐受1.0 g/L酚酸胁迫环境,且丁醇和总溶剂产量相较于菌株W6-2分别提高了18.17%和17.49%。当以葛渣水解液为底物进行丙酮丁醇发酵时,突变菌W6-3的丁醇产量达（8.54±0.31）g/L,相较于菌株W6-2提高了26.71%。经多轮次诱变及适应性进化处理获得的突变菌的酚酸耐受性及发酵性能均有较大提高,该文所采用的多轮次筛选方法可以为其他快速筛选优良生产菌提供可靠的理论参考。     

太行山低山丘陵区不同地表类型降雨入渗产流规律研究

通过人工降雨来研究太行山低山丘陵区典型地表类型下的降雨入渗产流规律.结果表明:(1)不同地表类型,地表产流特征不同.主要表现在:降低坡度主要推迟产流开始时间,而植被能够推迟整个径流过程;增加植被覆盖度和降低坡度能够明显降低产流量,延缓产流时间、降低径流速率;不同地表类型的地表径流速度与径流稳定前降雨历时具有明显的对数函数关系.在以0.64 mm/min左右的降水强度持续80 min后,斜坡径流小区不同地表类型径流系数大小顺序为:斜坡裸地>没有枯枝落叶的斜坡灌木>斜坡草地>有枯枝落叶的斜坡灌木.与裸地相比,后面3种地表类型的地表径流量分别减少了33.7%(8.3 mm),49.2%(12.1 mm)和75.2%(18.5 mm).(2)不同植被、枯枝落叶在降低地表产流量的同时也增加了深层土壤中的人渗量.斜坡裸地下渗到20 cm以下的水量仅为降雨的6.0%,明显小于有植被条件下的23.3%～32.5%.灌木下的枯枝落叶能够增加土壤入渗量20%左右,土层20 cm以下入渗量增加8%.     

农业知识问答系统句子相似度算法研究

在农业领域中,农业知识问答系统以其能接受自然语言检索和直接返回精确答案而成为一种新的信息检索技术。针对农业领域,提出了一种多重信息融合的句子相似度算法。该算法结合了句子的结构信息、词法信息和语义信息,同时考虑农业知识问答系统中问句的特征,使其更适合应用在农业特定领域中,并通过实验验证了算法的可行性和准确性。     

近55年来滹沱河山区水资源变化规律与影响因素

通过分析滹沱河山区自然地理背景和经济发展情况,可将其划分为3个水资源区:界河铺以上区域(Ⅰ区为成水用水环境)、界河铺至济胜桥之间区域(Ⅱ区为用水环境)、济胜桥以下至南庄区域(Ⅲ区为成水环境)。利用20世纪50年代以来水文、气象数据,探讨了近55a以来滹沱河山区分区水资源演变规律。结果表明:滹沱河山区地表水资源逐年减少,70年代是该区正负距平的转折时期、地下水主要表现在Ⅰ、Ⅱ区忻定盆地地下水位逐年下降,平均每年下降1.04m,且超采区面积有所增大;滹沱河山区水资源的减少是由气候变化与人类活动共同影响的。1980—2010年气候变化、水保活动、水利活动影响约分别占整个径流减少量的38.6%,26.4%,35.0%,人类活动合计约占61.4%;由于气候变化使Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区水资源分别以平均每年0.88%,0.61%,0.41%(算术平均)的速度减少;人类活动使Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区水资源分别以平均每年1.31%,1.14%,0.71%的速度减少,气候变化与人类活动对水资源变化影响程度具有相同明显的规律性:即从源头向下游影响程度逐渐减小;人类活动的2种方式具有明显区域差异性,水保活动影响程度大小顺序为Ⅲ区Ⅰ区Ⅱ区,水利活动影响程度大小顺序为Ⅱ区Ⅰ区Ⅲ区。     

分子标志物参数在识别土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)来源中的应用

土壤中PAHs污染物的成因十分复杂,常见的污染源包括生物质的高温降解产物、石油等化石燃料及其不完全燃烧产物等,其输入方式主要有大气中所含PAHs的干、湿沉降、水体输入、固体废弃物排放等。不同成因的PAHs组成特征有一定差别,并可能具有独特的分子标志物或分子化合物组合特征,由此,可以根据环境介质中PAHs的组成特征判断污染物来源或成因类型。目前,分子标志物特征参数已成为追踪PAHs污染来源的有效手段。介绍了近年来国内外在运用PAHs分子标志物特征参数识别土壤中PAHs污染源方面的主要研究进展、应用潜力及存在的问题。