遗传算法优化神经网络的坡面入渗产流模型

引入遗传算法优化BP神经网络权重和阈值的方法建立黄土坡面产流入渗模型.模型以雨强、降雨历时、表层40 cm土壤前期含水量、坡度值为输入项,径流量、入渗量为输出项,用实测资料对网络进行模拟和预测.模拟结果平均误差6.32%和1.93%,预测结果平均误差为5.71%和1.92%.并与传统BP神经网络模型和定雨强Philip...     

龟纹瓢虫捕食玉米蚜功能反应研究

室内研究了不同龄期的龟纹瓢虫Propylea japonica幼虫和成虫对玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis的捕食功能反应。结果表明,龟纹瓢虫各龄幼虫及成虫对玉米蚜的日捕食量差异较大。龟纹瓢虫4龄幼虫对玉米蚜具有较强的捕食能力,最大日捕食量为196.85头。各龄幼虫和成虫的捕食功能反应均属于HollingⅡ型圆盘方程,经χ2检验,其理论值与观察值差异不显著。     

北方白菜型冬油菜花器特性及农艺性状与含油量的相关性

为研究北方白菜型冬油菜花冠直径与千粒重及含油量之间的相关性,以20份不同的白菜型冬油菜为材料,测定花器大小、农艺性状、种子含油量及蛋白质含量,并对控制花器特征基因mf6、apetala和myb进行实时荧光定量PCR分析。结果表明:花冠直径受雌蕊直径影响较大,主成分分析提取的3个主成分可综合为花器各性状长度、雌蕊直径和花器各性状宽度;以花冠直径为指示性状,将20份白菜型冬油菜花冠划分为3类群;相关性分析表明,花冠直径与千粒重呈极显著正相关,相关系数0.663;千粒重与含油量呈极显著正相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关。相较于小花,mf6在大花中相对表达量上调了151.63%,而apetala和myb分别下调了83.80%和72.70%。北方白菜型冬油菜品种间花器大小存在显著差异;在育种中可通过增加花冠直径来提高千粒重,进而增加油菜产油量,培育高含油量白菜型冬油菜品种。mf6、apetala和myb基因对白菜型冬油菜花器生长发育均具有一定调控作用。     

陕甘两省花椒疫霉病病原鉴定及其拮抗菌筛选

以采自陕西、甘肃的花椒疫霉病菌为试材,依据病原菌的菌落与繁殖体特征、rDNA-ITS及β?tubulin基因序列分析和致病性测定,研究该病菌的种类与分布,并对花椒疫霉菌拮抗菌进行了筛选。结果表明:陕西宝鸡地区的疫霉菌菌系Pfs3、Pfs4、Pbjt和Pfs5为苎麻疫霉(Phytophthora boehmeriae Sawada);甘肃陇南地区菌系Pcsx、Pwmc、Pwqh、Pwbs3和Pwbs2为多寄主疫霉(Phytophthora multivora ScottJung),从花椒园土壤中分离筛选出1株对疫霉菌具有拮抗效果的放线菌zy-1,初步鉴定为链霉菌之一种(Streptomyces sp.)。     

黄肉油桃新品种‘美婷’

‘美婷’是由‘美夏’油桃自交实生苗选育而成的优质黄肉油桃新品种。树势强健。果实圆形,平均单果质量192 g,果面85%以上着鲜艳红色,外观美。果肉黄色,硬溶质,硬度较大,风味甜,有香味,可溶性固形物含量12.8%,鲜食品质佳,离核。可挂树持续采收期长。果实发育期94 d。花粉量大,自花结实率高,丰产性强。     

避雨栽培对川农泡椒1号品质的影响

以川农泡椒1号为试验材料,研究遮阳网+薄膜、遮阳网和露地3种栽培模式对川农泡椒1号品质的影响。试验结果表明,在夏季采用避雨栽培后,辣椒品质有所下降,其中VC、还原糖的含量均极显著低于对照,总糖含量差异不显著。而在避雨栽培的两种模式中,遮阳网+薄膜模式比遮阳网模式VC含量高5.4%,差异显著;还原糖高10.8%,差异极显著;总糖高0.8%,差异不显著。     

不同落叶提取液对豇豆种子化感效应的研究

以豇豆种子为受体材料,研究5种落叶提取液对豇豆种子的化感作用.结果表明:不同浓度的落叶提取液对豇豆种子发芽和幼苗的生长有不同的影响,落叶提取液对种子萌发表现出高浓度抑制、低浓度促进的现象.对幼苗的生长有一定的促进作用,小叶榕、黄桷兰落叶提取液不同程度地抑制豇豆的干物质重,且随着浓度的增加,抑制作用逐渐增强;桂花落叶提取液对豇干物质重的影响呈现出低浓度促进、高浓度抑制现象.     

Effect of miRNA-33 on ABCA1/ABCG1 expression in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells after Hcy treatment

AIM:To study whether homocysteine (Hcy) inhibits the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) by microRNA-33 (miRNA-33) signaling, and reduces the efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).METHODS:RAW264.7 macrophages were induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish foam cell model. Oil red O staining was used to determine whether the model was established successfully. miRNA-33 mimics and miRNA-33 inhibitor were transfected into the cells by Lipofectamine 2000, and the cells were exposed to Hcy at concentration of 5 mmol/L for 24 h. The intracellular lipid droplets were observed by Oil red O staining. The expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The cellular cholesterol content was analyzed by HPLC, and effluent rate of cholesterol was detected by the method of liquid scintillation counting.RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, the lipid content in miRNA-33 mimics group was increased, and the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at mRNA and protein levels was decreased (P<0.05). The intracellular cholesterol content was increased gradually (P<0.05), and the cellular cholesterol efflux rate was gradually decreased (P<0.05) in miRNA-33 mimics group. Compared with blank control group, the testing results in miRNA-33 inhibitor group were the opposition of those in miRNA-33 mimics group (P<0.05). No diffe-rence of the above indexes among blank control group, miRNA-33 mimics-NC group and miRNA-33 inhibitor-NC group was observed.CONCLUSION:Hcy inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 through miRNA-33 signaling, and reduces the efficiency of RCT in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells.     

乌骨鸡肉及组织中土霉素、四环素残留量研究

利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定乌骨鸡胸肉、腿肉、心、肝、肾、肌胃组织中的土霉素、四环素残留量.结果表明,土霉素、四环素标准品浓度在8.2～262.5 μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好,土霉素线性方程为^y=19 392.82x-22.90(r=0.999 48),四环素线性方程为^y=14 089.84x-33.34(r=0.998 88).乌骨鸡胸肉的土霉素加样回收率平均为89.84%,RSD=1.03%;四环素加样回收率平均为90.65%,RSD=1.05%.     

我国农业科技成果产业化发展缓慢的原因及其解决对策

在对农业科技成果产业化发展缓慢的原因进行分析的基础上,提出了解决对策。