‘马来西亚1号’菠萝蜜叶片氮磷钾动态的研究

通过对海南省文昌市南阳镇、琼海市大路镇、乐东县黄流镇3个地区‘马来西亚1号’菠萝蜜叶片氮、磷、钾3种营养元素的周年变化规律跟踪调查分析,结果表明：3个地区菠萝蜜叶片营养元素变化规律相似。元素年平均含量表现为氮>钾>磷。根据实际生产中的生育期调研分析,将菠萝蜜的生长周期大致划分为2个批次3个时期：第一批次养树期（11—12月）、花芽分化期（1—2月）、结果期（3—4月）;第二批次养树期（5—6月）、花芽分化期（7—8月）、结果期（9—10月）。生长周期内,氮元素含量年变化呈现“N”字型变化趋势;磷含量在1—4月呈先上升后下降的趋势,随后呈缓慢上升趋势;钾含量变化趋势与氮含量变化相似,但钾元素含量变化没有氮元素变化明显。菠萝蜜叶片中大量元素含量的适宜范围为：全氮21.03~22.15 g/kg,全磷2.86~3.40 g/kg,全钾13.49~14.47 g/kg。在生长发育过程中,菠萝蜜需氮、钾元素较多,特别是在花芽分化期和结果期,应注意增施氮肥与钾肥,磷肥应于养树期施足。     

基于农作制分区的1985—2015年中国小麦生产时空变化

Comparing spatio-temporal variation characteristics of China’s wheat production, yield, sown area and yield-area-contribution in different farming zones in the past 30 years could help improving wheat planting layout and adjusting planting structure. Concentration index, rate of change, moving of gravity and resolution of yield-area-contribution were used to analyze spatio-temporal changes of China’s wheat production and yield-area-contribution based on county wheat production statistics including sown area, production and yield from 1985 to 2015. The wheat sown area decreased obviously in Northeast farming region, Northwest farming region and South farming region and increased rapidly in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Yangtze Plain farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, the concentration indexes of Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region reached to 20.64%, 25.77%, and 21.65% respectively in 2015. Wheat production increased significantly by more than 48 milliontons in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, and nearly 8 million tons Yangtze Plain farming region but decreased by more than 2.6 million tons in Northeast farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat production was concentrated in Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Yuxi Hill farming region. The average wheat yield continuously improved during the study period, Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Northwest farming region had the yield increase up to 103.5 kg hm ^-2 and 92.9 kg hm ^-2 each year. Wheat yield in Yuxi Hill farming region, Fenwei Basin farming region and Haihe Plain farming region was relatively high in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region. The yield-reduced area was mainly caused by the decreasing of sown area, while the yield-area-contribution rate was different in yield-increased area. Yield-dominant counties were reduced, area-dominant counties were increased and yield-area-dominant counties were relatively steady. In production increased area, yield-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Huang-Huai-Hai Farming region, area-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Yangtze Plain farming region. Chinese wheat production was increasingly concentrated in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region which has high and rapid increase of wheat yield over the past three decades. Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region were the most concentrated areas in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region for wheat production during this period. Wheat yield and sown area jointly promoted the increase of wheat production in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat sown area was the crucial factor to increase wheat production in Yangtze Plain farming region, especially in the north of Jiangsu, Anhui province and greater part of Xinjiang.     

基于物联网技术的农产品仓储管理系统设计

针对传统仓储管理效率低下的问题,设计了一种基于物联网技术的农产品仓储智能管理系统。给出了系统的总体硬件和软件设计方案。以ARM Cortex-M0和CC2430构成系统的无线传感器采集节点,实现仓库温度、湿度、光照度、物品刷卡信息的采集和发送,以ARM Cortex-A8、CC2430和GPRS模块构成数据处理中心,负责接收环境参数和物品信息,激活数据库线程对数据进行处理,构建嵌入式Web服务器,使用户通过网络利用PC机进行监控,当环境参数超过阈值时可通过GPRS短信息功能向用户报警。实践证明,该系统能够增强库房作业的准确性和快捷性、降低储存成本、保障农产品仓库物资的安全。     

黄土沟壑区开采沉陷对地形因子的影响研究

以黄土沟壑区的采煤沉陷区为研究对象,以地面数字高程模型和开采沉陷预计结果为基础数据,基于ArcGIS平台对煤矿开采沉陷区的地形数据进行分析处理,研究开采沉陷前、后地形因子的变化特征,并对不同地形因子之间的相关性进行了分析.研究结果表明:黄土沟壑区地面高程、坡度、坡向、起伏度等各种地形因子均受开采沉陷影响而发生改变,开采沉陷和地形因子之间存在明确的量化关系,而平均高程、起伏度、曲率、沟壑密度等因子与地面坡度之间存在显著的相关性.研究结果有助于揭示煤矿开采沉陷区的地形地貌演变规律,为保护西部矿区的生态环境提供技术支持.     

保定地区几个早熟苹果品种(系)生长观察

为筛选适宜保定地区栽植的早熟苹果品种,以嫁接在SH40中间砧上的不同早熟苹果品种(系)为试材,测定了不同品种(系)早熟苹果树体生长发育指标和果实品质。结果表明:除嘎啦早熟变异外,其他供试品种(系)树体生长较好,3年生时Xu2-7、Xu3-2树高330.0~352.5 cm,4年生时为394.0~417.5 cm,Xu3-2、藤牧1号、信浓红4年生为336.5~381.0 cm。4年生时,干径以Xu2-5最大;短枝、中枝、叶丛枝均以Xu2-5最多,长枝以Xu2-7最多,总枝量以Xu2-5最多;藤牧1号短枝所占比例最高(57.4%)。应用模糊综合评判法得出Xu2-5、Xu2-7、信浓红、藤牧1号果实品质较高。     

地被植物紫花地丁的应用研究

对野生地被植物紫花地丁分别以播种、分株2种繁殖方式进行试验,观察其发芽、生长及习性。结果表明紫花地丁地面覆盖效果好、耐荫,适合本地区生长;叶形、花色美观,各方面抗性较强,可粗放管理,是难得的优良地被品种,值得大力推广。     

通过转化脂肪酸去饱和酶基因AcoFAD2提高菠萝植株的抗寒能力

为培育抗寒菠萝新品种,本研究通过比较菠萝脂肪酸去饱和酶基因序列和拟南芥脂肪酸去饱和酶基因序列,筛选获得目标基因AcoFAD2;通过农杆菌转化菠萝'台农17'获得过表达AcoFAD2转基因植株TN17FAD2-3;转基因植株和对照在低温条件下进行培养,鉴定转基因植株和对照的不饱和脂肪酸含量及抗寒能力.结果 发现组培苗在7℃条件下处理5d然后转入26℃生长一周,TN17FAD2-3第四片叶坏死比例为(5±1)％,只转化空载体的对照TN17-EV第四片叶坏死比例为(97±2)％.组培苗在7℃条件下生长5d,然后转入26℃生长15d.TN17FAD2-3第二片叶叶面积为(2.15±0.2) cm2,TN17-EV第二片叶叶面积为(0.06±0.01) cm2.TN17FAD2-3的叶片不饱和脂肪酸含量(16∶3+18∶3)为(77.5±0.7)％,对照TN17-EV叶片不饱和脂肪酸(16∶3+18∶3)含量为(58.6±0.8)％.TN17FAD2-3的叶片不饱和脂肪酸含量高于只转化空载体的对照TN17-EV.低温条件下,TN17FAD2-3比TN17-EV生长快,TN17FAD2-3株系比TN17-EV具有更高的抗寒性,载体UBI-pCAMBIA1301不能提高菠萝植株的抗寒能力,通过转化脂肪酸去饱和酶基因AcoFAD2能够提高菠萝植株的抗寒性能,本研究为快速培育抗寒菠萝新品种提供理论基础.     

计算机多媒体网络技术对军事领域的影响

计算机多媒体网络技术在军事领域的应用实现了军事的现代化、信息化管理,实现了军事信息传递的快速性、及时性;虚拟现实的多媒体网络技术的使用,改革了军事训练方法,为作战理论的研究提供了平台,实现了军事决策的快速制定和实施;在计算机网络的协助下,实现了对作战武器的自动化军事管理,提高了军事领域的现代化程度,极大的丰富了军事教学.文章从上述几个方面,详细分析计算机多媒体网络技术对军事领域的影响.