黑龙江省白浆土养分丰缺指标体系研究

通过对62个分布在庆安县、方正县、五常市、虎林市和尚志市各白浆土区的0～20cm土壤进行碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量的测定,建立了黑龙江省白浆土水稻种植区氮磷钾肥指标体系,并划分土壤肥力等级,提出了黑龙江省白浆土水稻种植区氮磷钾肥推荐施用量。结果表明:黑龙江省白浆土水稻种植区土壤碱解氮含量主要在138.3～220.3mg·kg-1,速效磷在20.6～32.5mg·kg-1,速效钾在120～183mg·kg-1;土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量与相对产量之间呈非线性正相关关系,土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量反映了土壤供肥能力,土壤供氮磷钾能力越高,不施肥处理的相对产量越高;根据相对产量,将土壤肥力划分为5类;黑龙江省白浆土水稻种植区土壤氮磷钾素含量以中高等含量居多,随着土壤氮磷钾含量增加,最大施肥量和最佳施肥量均呈现递减趋势,土壤养分含量和施肥量之间呈非线性负相关关系。     

兰州地区湿地水生植物引种试验研究

为了丰富兰州地区湿地水生植物资源,从河北白洋淀地区引入水生植物14个品种,对其生态适应性和越冬性进行了观察与研究,并根据引种植物在兰州地区的生长情况,制定了评价标准,最终筛选出了‘花叶水葱’‘花叶芦苇’‘水生鸢尾’‘菖蒲’‘慈姑’‘泽泻’‘红蓼’‘雨久花’‘水生美人蕉’(红花)和‘水生美人蕉’(黄花)10个适应力强和观赏价值高的水生植物品种.     

Examination of the prevalence of skin injuries in debeaked fattened turkeys

Within the framework of a cooperative research project, turkey health as well as numerous aspects of animal welfare were examined in various intensive commercial farms with varying rearing forms. The present study demonstrates the prevalence of skin injuries concerning living animals as well as carcasses of slaughtered turkeys of both sexes. Although all turkeys were debeaked, prevalences of skin injuries at a value of 12.8% with male turkeys and 13.8% with female turkeys could be found at the age of 16 weeks. Within the scope of medically inspections skin injuries were mainly established in the head region, especially the snood as well as in the region of the back. By means of their clinical picture pecking wounds and scratch injuries could be distinguished. Skin lesion produced primary as a result of scratching the skin surface, could be enlarged by the animal itself or by conspecifics by beak pecking, especially after bleeding, in spite of debeaked upper beak. Injuries in the head region, especially of the snood, could be explained mainly as a result of pecking by conspecifics by reason of their clinical picture and were found mainly in male turkeys. Skin injuries in the region of the back, especially at the coxal tuberosity, were identified primarily as scratch marks. They were found mainly in female turkeys. A statistically significant correlation of the injury prevalence to particular husbandry parameters discussed in the literature as "predisposing" or "limiting" factors (e.g., population density, light regime or offer of employment material) could not be established in this study. At the meat inspection fresh scratching injuries at the chest and the hind legs were diagnosed most often. Especially fresh injuries of the carcass point to a misguided behaviour of the staff concerning animal handling during loading and transport which is not conform to animal welfare.     

丹江口库区坡耕地不同轮作模式作物生产力及农田养分流失比较

在丹江口库区习惯施肥条件下,比较坡耕地不同轮作系统的作物生产力及农田水土和养分流失的差异。结果表明,在5种轮作模式中,作物生产力水平以＂小麦-玉米＂轮作最高,生产效益以＂油菜-玉米＂轮作最高;农田产流量、土壤侵蚀量和磷钾养分流失量均以＂小麦-玉米＂轮作最小,＂小麦-芝麻＂轮作最大;而氮流失量以＂油菜-玉米＂轮作最小,以＂小麦-芝麻＂轮作最大。因此,＂小麦-玉米＂轮作为丹江口库区坡耕地适宜的环保型作物复种模式。     

细化设备管理 提高使用效益

随着高等教育事业的发展,国家对高校设备经费投入也逐年增加,但目前的投入远不能满足高等教育事业快速发展的需求。同时,普遍存在的一个情况是,各个高校的设备使用率较低,资源闲置。在有限的资金投入下,如何提高现有设备使用效益,成为最有效的解决这一瓶颈的关键。文章根据云南大学教学科研设备使用情况,结合信息学院目前实验室现有仪器设备及教学任务,探讨了一些高校仪器设备管理的经验和方法。尤其探讨了学校根据实际情况,自主研发了资产管理系统,进一步规范了资产管理工作,提高了设备使用效益,特别是针对大型仪器设备,建立共享平台,实行预约制度,充分体现了大型设备的资源优势。     

刈割对羊草和全叶马兰生长与种间关系的影响

研究刈割对羊草(Leymus chinensis)和全叶马兰(Kalimeris integrifolia)生长与种间关系的影响。结果表明:刈割强度越大,相对生长速率越大;留茬4.8和12cm之间差异显著;刈割改变植物间相互作用的方向,削弱种间关系在群落中的重要性;刈割对羊草生长的影响较大。     

东北民猪荷包猪抗性基因多态性及其与免疫指标的相关性研究

研究目的是检测荷包猪FUT 1和Mx1基因位点多态性及其与免疫指标的相关关系。采用PCR-RFLP技术分析基因多态性,采用ELISA方法检测免疫指标白介素-4(IL-4)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)、α-干扰素(IFN-α)的表达量。结果表明,荷包猪FUT 1基因和Mx1基因Hin6I点酶切位点上显示多态性,优势基因型分别为GG和AA型,在Mx1基因其他两位点处未发现多态性;荷包猪免疫指标IL-4、sIgA、IFN-α的表达量明显高于大白猪(P<0.05),但抗性基因型与免疫指标间的相关性表现不明显。     

西藏牦牛和黑白花奶牛生长激素基因AluⅠ多态性的比较研究

利用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)技术 ,测定了西藏牦牛和黑白花奶牛生长激素基因的AluⅠ RFLP (限制性内切酶片段长度多态性 ) ,并比较了2牛群的基因频率。在西藏牦牛和黑白花奶牛中 ,等位基因A的频率分别为 0 935和 0 90 5 ,等位基因B的频率分别为 0 0 65和 0 0 65 ,卡方检验差异不显著 (P >0 0 5)。