1. Rice bran lysolecithin (RBL) was evaluated in broiler chicken diets. In the first experiment, RBL was included in diet at 0, 0·5, 2, 8 and 32?g/kg and fed to 250 broiler chickens from 0 to 42?d of age. In the second experiment, RBL was fed at 0, 25 and 50?g/kg diet to 405?day-old broiler chickens until 21?d of age, while during the finisher phase (22–35?d of age) chickens receiving each concentration of RBL were given all three concentrations of RBL in a 3?×?3 factorial manner. The diets were isocaloric.
2. Body weight, food consumption and food conversion efficiency were unaffected by feeding RBL, while the weight of pancreas increased at ≥2?g/kg of RBL in diet (experiment 1). In experiment 2, body weight was greater in the chickens receiving RBL at either 25 or 50?g/kg (21?d) and 50?g/kg (35?d of age). At 21?d of age, food consumption was greater at 25 or 50?g RBL/kg diet, while food conversion efficiency improved with 50?g RBL/kg diet.
3. Fat digestibility increased with RBL at 32?g/kg (experiment 1) and ≤25?g/kg (experiment 2). Rice bran lysolecithin increased ready to cook weight at 50?g/kg during starter phase and decreased abdominal fat at 25 and 50?g/kg during finisher phase (experiment 2). Liver and meat fat content were not affected.
4. It is concluded that lysolecithin from rice bran oil could be used as energy supplement in broiler chicken diet. 相似文献
The effects of increasing levels of metals (10 and 20 mg of Cr kg-1 and 25 and 50 mg of Cd, Pb, and Ni kg-1 soil) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Glomus intraradices on the yield, chemical composition of volatile oil, and metal accumulation in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were investigated in a pot experiment. The shoot yield, content of essential oil, and root yield of sweet basil were
increased by the application of low dose of Cd, Pb, and Ni as compared to control. The application of high level of metals
had deleterious effect on the yield. In soil with low dose of metal applied, AM fungi inoculation significantly enhanced the
metal concentration in shoots and had adverse effect on the yield, whereas in soil with high dose of metal applied, AM fungal
inoculation reduced the metal concentration in shoot and had beneficial effect on the yield. The content of linalool in basil
oil was decreased and that of methyl chavicol was increased by the application of Cr, Cd, and Pb in soil as compared to control.
Similarly, the level of linalool and methyl chavicol was decreased and that of methyl eugenol was increased by the application
of Ni as compared to control. However, AM fungal inoculation led to maintain the content of linalool, methyl chavicol, and
methyl eugenol in volatile oil, which were either increased or decreased by the application of metals. We conclude that the
AM–sweet basil symbiosis could be used as a novel approach to enhance the yield and maintain the quality of volatile oil of
sweet basil under metal-contaminated soils. 相似文献
As the incident radiation penetrates vertically in any plant stand having green closed canopy, the PAR flux density (Rn) gradually decreases with depth in a manner that the radiation flux density (Rn) is inversely proportional to the photosynthetic-area percentage (Pap), and the radiation interception density (Rid). The radiation interception density (Rid) is a function of net radiation intercepted, total photosynthetic-area percentage and the thickness of that photosynthetic-area. 相似文献
Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) was isolated from the kidneys of 6 of 8 turkey poults from two flocks. The isolates were identified by syncytial-type of cytopathology, inhibition of plaque formation by 5-bromodeoxyuridine, formation of Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions in cell cultures, and presence of herpes-type virions in negatively stained preparations and thin sections of infected cell cultures. One of these isolates inoculated into chickens proved apathogenic over an observation period of 10 weeks. Indirect immunofluorescence and serum neutralisation tests revealed serological relationship between these isolates and the strain NSW 1/70 of HVT. Staining of HVT-infected cell culture by Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDHV) antiserum showed intranuclear fluorescence but attempts to prepare HVT precipitating antigen or to demonstrate cross-precipiation between HVT and MDHV were unsuccessful. 相似文献
One of the major challenges in Asian countries is the effective management of rice straw. To ensure food security for their ever-growing population, Asian countries grow more rice, leading to increasing rice straw generation. Burning of rice straw, a common practice, is detrimental to both environmental and human health. However, if managed effectively, rice straw has the potential to safeguard the sustainability of agricultural ecosystems and to uplift the economic security of the population de... 相似文献
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Breeding in perennial fruit crops is time consuming process with relatively low success rate as compared with annual crops. Apple fruit coloration is... 相似文献
The sedimentary record documenting the northward drift of India (Late Cretaceous to late Early Eocene) has recently provided important clues to the evolution, radiation, and dispersal of mammals. Here, we report a definitive Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) archaic ungulate (Kharmerungulatum vanvaleni genus et species nova) from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences exposed near Kisalpuri village in Central India. This find has important implications for the origin and diversification of early ungulates and raises three possible paleobiogeographic scenarios: (i) Archaic ungulates may have been cosmopolitan in distribution. (ii) Kharmerungulatum might be an immigrant from Western Asia. (iii) Archaic ungulates may have originated in India. 相似文献
Protein content and protein yield of three spring wheat cultivars differing in morphological and physiological growth characters were found to be influenced by intercultivar competition, irrigation levels and nitrogen fertilization. The protein content of the tall cultivar C 306 and the protein yield of the dwarf cultivar HD 2160 were more than the other cultivars. Binary mixed stands were not superior to the better component cultivar. Intercultivar competition increased the protein content of dwarf and semi-dwarf cultivars, but decreased the protein content of tall cultivar. On the other hand, protein yield of the dwarf cultivar decreased and that of tall cultivar increased when grown in mixed stands. Protein yield of semi-dwarf cultivar increased when grown with dwarf cultivar, but decreased when grown with tall cultivar. Two or three irrigations increased the protein content and protein yield of all the three cultivars and their mixed stands over one irrigation. Protein content and protein yield of the cultivars and their mixed stands were higher when 150 kg N/ha was applied than when 80 kg N/ha was applied. 相似文献
Oxidation susceptibility of serum lipid and the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from tunica
media to the sub endothelial region are the key steps in the progression of atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was
to determine the effects of Chungtaejeon (CTJ) on oxidation and cytokine induced proliferation and migration of human aortic
smooth muscle cells (HASMC). The antioxidative effects of CTJ were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH)
scavenging assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay. Similarly,
the proliferation, migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in HASMC were assessed by MTT assay, transwell
Boyden chamber assay and gelatin zymography, respectively. Western blotting was done to determine the protein expression of
MMP-9, phospho extracellular regulated kinase (pERK1/2) and phospho c-Jun N-terminal kinase (pJNK). In results, the IC50 values for DPPH and NO scavenging activities were 8.91 μg/ml and 14.32 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, CTJ inhibited TBARS
formation dose dependently. The pretreatment of CTJ dose dependently inhibited the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced
proliferation and MMP-9 expression and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) induced migration of HASMC. Thus, CTJ can be
suggested to have beneficial effect in the prevention of atherosclerosis. 相似文献