Protein functionality and its relation to food microstructure

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - During food preparation, structures are formed which give the food its characteristic properties. The addition of protein ingredients is meant to improve the...     

Plasma lipid lowering effects of wheat germ in hypercholesterolemic subjects

The present study was performed to investigate the possible effects of wheat germ supplementation on lipid metabolism in humans. Ten free-living adult subjects participated in the study. None was obese or diabetic. They all presented an, hypercholesterolemia (from 6.58 to 9.50 mM), associated in 6 over 10 cases to an hypertriglyceridemia (from 1.70 to 5.00 mM). The subjects were studied in three consecutive periods, during which they first were on their usual diet (first week), they then ingested a daily supplement of 30 g wheat germ (4 weeks) and then they returned to their usual basal diet (4 weeks follow-up). Dietary records were obtained for 7 and 3 consecutive days before and during wheat germ supplementation, respectively. Fasting blood samples were taken at the end of each period. After 4 weeks of wheat, germ intake, glycemia did not change while total plasma cholesterol significantly decreased (paired Student'st test,p0.05) from 7.80 to 7.15 mM. LDL and HDL cholesterol values did not show marked changes, but VLDL cholesterol significantly dropped by 40.6%. Thus, the plasma/HDL total cholesterol ratio was significantly lower. Apoprotein B and A1 decreased. In the hypertriglyceridemic subjects, this was accompanied by a significant reduction of plasma triglycerides (1.64 vs. 2.68 mM) and a marked drop of VLDL triglycerides (–51%). Taken as a whole, the present results obtained in humans are very close to those previously obtained in the rat [40] and point out that wheat germ may play a beneficial role in the dietary management of hyperlipidemia.Part of the data communicated in this paper was presented at the Fibre 90 Conference, 17–20 April 1990, Norwich, UK.     

铁在寒地早粳花药培养中的效应研究

摘要：铁是水稻花培培养基的重要成分。通过对7份寒地早粳组合F1（或品系）花药在不同Fe2+含量培养基上离体培养,发现培养基中的Fe2+的含量对诱导率、绿苗分化率影响较大。结果表明在N6培养基中将Fe2+提高到32-40mg/kg诱导率最大,高于N6培养基（Fe2+含量为5.6mg/kg）1.4倍以上。在此以内随着Fe2+含量的增加诱导率增加,大于此含量诱导率降低,呈单峰曲线分布。分化培养基中Fe2+含量增加到40mg/kg分化率显著降低。但在32-40mg/kgFe2+培养基上诱导出的愈伤组织在MS培养基上的绿苗分化率差异明显,71.4%材料可使绿苗生产率提高到9.2%左右。因此适当提高诱导培养基中Fe2+含量可提高寒地早粳的花培效率。     

澳大利亚森林经营方案编制及借鉴

介绍了澳大利亚森林经营方案编制的有关情况, 分析了我国与澳大利亚在编制森林经营方案方面存在的差距, 借鉴澳大利亚的经验, 结合我国国情林情, 提出了如下建议: (1)提高方案编制质量; (2)要明确法律地位, 确保森林经营方案实施; (3)顺应改革的需求, 尊重经营者意愿; (4)加强编制方案人员业务培训, 提高其素质和水平。     

报废汽车回收X射线分选技术研究进展与应用

介绍了X射线分选的具体原理,指出了目前X射线分选存在的问题,综述了国内外报废汽车回收X射线分选的研究进展与相关设备应用现状,展望了X射线分选技术的发展趋势.     

安徽省花生产量与气象因素的关联度分析及预测模型研究

为分析气象因子对安徽花生产量的影响,构建适用于本地的花生单位产量预测模型,以期为探讨花生经济效益、应对气象灾害风险管理提供参考。对安徽各市2000—2017年花生气象产量和气象因子进行灰色关联度分析,筛选出关联度较大的气象因子,并采用逐步回归法建立产量预测模型。结果表明:安徽花生产量与生育期气象因子关联度5月份平均气温>7月份光照时数>5月份光照时数>6月份光照时数>7月份平均气温>8月份光照时数>8月份平均气温>6月份平均气温>8月份降水量>7月份降水量>5月份降水量>6月份降水量,应用建立的花生单位产量预测模型对历年产量进行回测,结果显示预测值与实际值均方根误差为815 kg/hm2、拟合指数为0.81,总体较好,具有一定的应用价值。     

深圳市宝安区某家禽批发市场的升级改造及检疫监管模式创新

深圳市宝安区某家禽批发市场通过重新规划功能区、统一设置屠宰车间和代宰档、建立产品质量安全自检快检室、升级改造污水处理系统和清洗消毒设施以及设立全市统一的休市消毒制度和无害化处理制度等一系列升级改造措施,将单一的活禽批发市场,升级改造为集活禽批发、代宰和生鲜销售为一体的综合市场。在监管方面,首创活禽到生鲜禽市场内流向监管的"4联票据许可制",建立系统完善的市场内疫病监测机制以及官方动物检疫电子出证系统+企业(场方)家禽二维码脚锁扣标识系统的双重禽产品检疫与质量追溯体系。针对销售、屠宰时的混禽污染风险,以及市场检验人员不稳定、检疫监管仍有漏洞、活禽经营及屠宰人员疫病防控意识欠缺等问题,提出探索建立产地与家禽批发市场"点对点对接"机制、建立大数据智能化检验检疫管理平台、加强市场品检人员检疫检验培训、强化企业方的动物防疫工作第一责任人意识等建议。深圳市宝安区该家禽批发市场的升级改造作法和监管机制,对于国内其他家禽批发市场具有示范和参考意义。     

柑桔慢衰线虫病在四川的发生危害研究

 对四川省36个柑桔产区324个柑桔园的调查结果表明,柑桔慢衰线虫病 (Tylenchulus semipenetrans)在四川普遍发生,病情趋势是川东部盆地区发生最重,盆周低、中山区次之,川西南干热河谷较轻.果园平均发病率为87.4%,病情Ι级园占35.6%,Ⅱ级占24.6%,Ⅲ级占20.4%,Ⅳ级占6.7%.每年引起的经济损失达2.3%～45%;对18种柑桔品种田间发病情况调查结果:酒饼勒未见发病,香橼、江南柑、曼桔发病较轻,枳对该病抗性表现不一致,其余均严重感病,香橼、江南柑、曼桔发病较轻,枳对该病抗性表现不一致,其余均严重感病;T.semipenetrans田间群体密度周年消长规律研究结果,土中侵染幼虫群体密度以春、秋季最大,夏季最小;根上侵染幼虫群体密度以8月最小,秋、冬最大;而雌成虫全年在根上的发生量均低,而且变动幅度不大.     

马尾松林碳储量成熟问题初探

应用国际上森林碳汇项目中普遍采用的碳计量方法,研究了湖南省不同立地条件的马尾松林碳储量变化过程,提出了碳储量成熟的定义,并分析了立地条件对碳储量成熟的影响,最后就碳储量成熟对于开展森林碳汇的作用进行了探讨。