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排序方式: 共有242条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Ahmed Ibrahem I. Badawy Kathleen Lutz Anja Taubert Horst Zahner Carlos Hermosilla 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(2):103-118
Host immune responses conducted against antigens of Eimeria bovis are key factors for the development of protective immunity against this protozoan disease. In this study we investigated
the expression of E. bovis-derived antigens on the host cell surface membrane during E. bovis first merogony in vitro. Host cells carrying E. bovis-meront I stages expressed E. bovis host cell surface antigens (EbHCSAg) on their surface membrane which were recognised by hyperimmune sera of calves and by
sera from rats immunized with E. bovis merozoites I, when tested by indirect immune fluorescent antibody test (IIFAT), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM)
and immune electron microscopy. Expression of EbHCSAg on permissive host cells was earliest detected 7 days p. i., thus coinciding
with the onset of the parasite replication. Membrane-associated EbHCSAg were removed from infected host cells by proteinase
K, partially by Triton X-100, Triton X-114 and Triton X-405, but not by 1 M NaCl, CHAPS or phospholipase C treatment. Antibodies,
affinity-purified on paraformaldehyde/glutardialdehyde (PAGA)-fixed E. bovis meront I-infected bovine host cells bound to the surface meront I-carrying cells and to merozoites I (IIFAT, LSCM) but, in
contrast to untreated sera, not to sporozoites. When tested on methanol-fixed merozoites I and sporozoites by IIFAT, affinity-purified
antibodies bound to structures in the apical complex area of merozoites I, but not to sporozoites, whilst untreated sera caused
diffuse labelling of internal structures of both parasite stages. Immune electron microscopy demonstrated binding of affinity-purified
antibodies to micronemes and dense granules of merozoites I. Although the function of EbHCSAg is still unknown, results of
this study might suggest an involvement in the development of protective immunity against E. bovis infections. 相似文献
42.
Sacchini F Naessens J Awino E Heller M Hlinak A Haider W Sterner-Kock A Jores J 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):77
ABSTRACT: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, is an important livestock disease in Africa. The current control measures rely on a vaccine with limited efficacy and occasional severe side effects. Knowledge of the protective arms of immunity involved in this disease will be beneficial for the development of an improved vaccine. In previous studies on cattle infected with M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, a correlation was detected between the levels of mycoplasma-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD4+ T lymphocytes and reduced clinical signs. However, no cause and effect has been established, and the role of such cells and of protective responses acquired during a primary infection is not known.We investigated the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes in CBPP by comparing disease patterns and post mortem findings between CD4+ T cell depleted and non-depleted cattle. The depletion was carried out using several injections of BoCD4 specific murine monoclonal antibody on day 6 after experimental endotracheal infection with the strain Afadé. All cattle were monitored clinically daily and sacrificed 28-30 days post-infection. Statistically significant but small differences were observed in the mortality rate between the depleted and non-depleted animals. However, no differences in clinical parameters (fever, signs of respiratory distress) and pathological lesions were observed, despite elimination of CD4+ T cells for more than a week. The slightly higher mortality in the depleted group suggests a minor role of CD4+ T cells in control of CBPP. 相似文献
43.
Duscher R Duscher G Hofer J Tichy A Prosl H Joachim A 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,178(3-4):273-278
In this study 595 lactating cows originating from 31 carinthian farms were investigated in accordance of liver fluke infection using individual and tank milk as well as individual blood and faecal samples. Two commercial ELISAs were used to test the milk and blood serum, and the results were compared with coproscopy and a commercial copro-antigen ELISA. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and two-graph operating characteristics (TG ROC) of tank milk results were conducted based on the individual milk to determine the minimum reliable in-herd antibody prevalence for the predominant condition in the investigation area. In 17.8% of the examined individuals located in 64.5% of the farms eggs were detected by coproscopy. The copro-antigen ELISA delivered 13.4% positive individuals from 54.8% of the farms. The milk ELISAs showed 42.7% (Euroclone) and 44.2% (Pourquier) positive cows on 90.3% of the farms. The blood samples were positive in 43% (Euroclone) and 45.2% (Pourquier) of the individuals from 90.3% to 96.8% of the herds, respectively. Based on the milk and the blood an average in-herd prevalence of 30-45% can be assumed. The serum and milk samples delivered correlating results with kappa values between 0.94 and 0.97, whereas the coproscopy and copro-antigen ELISA did not correlate well with the ELISA results. The two different ELISA tests highly correlated on individual and on herd level. Both showed a reliable minimum in-herd prevalence of ~20%, meaning that one fifth of the individuals in a herd have to be positive to obtain a positive bulk tank milk result. In the investigated area a higher in-herd prevalence is expected, therefore the tank milk is useful as a monitoring tool and can be used as a basis for intervention strategies. 相似文献
44.
Soil, olive leaves, and fruits, were sampled from an olive grove 200 ha, irrigated with treated municipal wastewater (TMWW), located at Al-Tafilah wastewater processing plant (WWPP), Jordan. Similar samples were also taken from plants not irrigated with TMWW (Control). The heavy metal and essential nutrients were determined in all samples, and the data were statistically processed. The following were found: Much smaller quantities of heavy metals than essential elements were accumulated in the leaves and fruits, the accumulation being independent of the TMWW heavy metal concentration, suggesting a selective uptake of the metals by the olive plants. Also the elemental interactions, which occurred in the olive fruits, contributed mainly essential nutrients and secondarily heavy metals. The trend of heavy metal transfer from soil to olive fruits, and leaves, was almost the same, showing a consistency of transfer. 相似文献
45.
46.
Maria Orfanoudaki Anja Hartmann Julia Mayr Flix L. Figueroa Julia Vega John West Ricardo Bermejo Christine Maggs Markus Ganzera 《Marine drugs》2021,19(6)
This study presents the validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for the determination of different mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in the red alga Bostrychia scorpioides. The investigated MAAs, named bostrychines, have only been found in this specific species so far. The developed HPLC-DAD method was successfully applied for the quantification of the major MAAs in Bostrychia scorpioides extracts, collected from four different countries in Europe showing only minor differences between the investigated samples. In the past, several Bostrychia spp. have been reported to include cryptic species, and in some cases such as B. calliptera, B. simpliciuscula, and B. moritziana, the polyphyly was supported by differences in their MAA composition. The uniformity in the MAA composition of the investigated B. scorpioides samples is in agreement with the reported monophyly of this Bostrychia sp. 相似文献
47.
Anja Nüsse Deborah Linsler Ralf Loges Thorsten Reinsch Friedhelm Taube 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(14):1925-1931
ABSTRACTManagement of grassland may affect the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC). Objectives were to analyze the effect of different harvesting frequencies and nitrogen fertilization regimes on SOC and total N stocks in a field trial on a sandy loam to loamy sand soil of a grassland site near Kiel (Germany). Additionally, effects on microbial biomass C (Cmic) and ergosterol (as proxy for fungi) contents, water-stable aggregate size-classes and density fractions were studied. In the surface soil (0–10 cm), SOC and total N stocks, amounts of large water-stable macroaggregates (> 2000 µm) and contents of Cmic and ergosterol were significantly higher under a five cut regime. Cmic (rSpearman = 0.61) and ergosterol contents (rSpearman = 0.67) were correlated with amounts of large water-stable macroaggregates suggesting that fungi and microbial biomass play an important role in binding of small macroaggregates into large macroaggregates. The free light fraction of SOM showed significantly higher C concentrations under three cut compared to five cut at 30–60 cm, presumably related to the C/N ratio and the decomposability of root litter. This study indicates the importance of cutting frequency on SOC and total N stocks, amounts of large macroaggregates and contents of Cmic and ergosterol. 相似文献
48.
David A. Schisler Patricia J. Slininger Gale Kleinkopf Rodney J. Bothast Richard C. Ostrowski 《American Journal of Potato Research》2000,77(1):29-40
Lack of effective chemicals impedes control of Fusarium dry rot of stored potato tubers destined for processed and table stock use. Biological control of dry rot incited byGibberella pulicaris (anamorph=Fusarium sambucinum) has been demonstrated in laboratory studies but not in commercial storage environments. Several Gram-negative bacterial strains that were efficacious and amenable to production in liquid culture in laboratory studies were selected for pilot studies in Idaho and for bin trials at commercial storage houses in Idaho and North Dakota. In the first year of pilot studies,Pseudomonas fluorescens S22:T:04 (≈1 x 108 cfu/ml) decreased dry rot caused byG. pulicaris by 19% when coinoculated with the pathogen compared to controls and to the fungicide thiabendazole (TBZ) applied at label rates. In second year pilot studies,P. fluorescens P22:Y:05 andEnterobacter cloacae S11:T:07 (≈4 x 108 cfu/ml) reduced the severity of disease incited byG. pulicaris (25% and 17% average disease decrease, respectively) when antagonists were applied after pathogen inoculum. Treatment effects on dry rot that developed from inoculation withNectria haematococca (anamorph=Fusariumsolani var.coeruleum) were variable and influenced by interactions between antagonists, a wetting agent, and TBZ. In commercial storage bin trials,E. cloacae S11:T:07 reduced naturally occurring levels of dry rot by an average of 21% compared to 14% for TBZ, demonstrating that this antagonist was effective when produced using a liquid culture medium and methodology that approximates commercial practices for producing biomass. 相似文献
49.
Zorana Milanovi Jelena Veki Vladimir Radonji Anja Ili Boovi Aleksandra Zeljkovi Jelena Janac Vesna Spasojevi‐Kalimanovska Jesse Buch Ramaswamy Chandrashekar
anka Boji‐Trbojevi Ljiljana Hajdukovi Mary M. Christopher Milica Kova
evi Filipovi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(4):1686-1694
50.