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971.
972.
973.
Antonio Fernando Gervásio Leonardo Márcio Aquio Hoshiba Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati José Augusto Senhorini 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(1):141-147
This work evaluated the effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on larviculture of matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus. Oocytes of three females were pooled, fertilized with pooled semen of two males and separated in four batches that were immersed in triiodothyronine solutions as follows: M1 (control – water); M2 (0.01 mg/L T3); M3 (0.05 mg/L T3); and M4 (0.1 mg/L T3). Triiodothyronine did not affect fertilization rate and number of hatched larvae. Weight of hatched larvae was significantly higher in treatments M3 and M4, as well as among larvae sampled at Day 12 in all treatments. After 12 d of rearing, biomass gain was higher in the hormone treatments (M1 688 ± 569 mg; M2 2436 ± 562 mg; M3 3572 ± 569 mg; and M4 4129 ± 770 mg). In general, coefficients of variation of weight (CVw) and length (CVl) did not differ among treatments and cannibalism was registered between 36 and 72 hours post‐hatching (h.p.h.) without differences among treatments. Larval survival increased in the hormone treatments (M1 26.5%; M2 37.6%; M3 40.6%; and M4 40.8%). The results indicate that the immersion of matrinxã eggs in triiodothyronine can promote beneficial effects to its larviculture and indicate promising perspectives for culture of this tropical species. 相似文献
974.
Using otolith microchemistry to reconstruct habitat use of American eels Anguilla rostrata in the St. Lawrence River–Lake Ontario system 下载免费PDF全文
José Benchetrit Mélanie Béguer‐Pon Pascal Sirois Martin Castonguay John Fitzsimons Julian J. Dodson 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(1):19-33
Catadromy among freshwater eels is increasingly recognised as being facultative, with some individuals carrying out growth exclusively in brackish or coastal marine waters, or switching between brackish or marine waters and freshwater habitats. In an attempt to reconstruct habitat use of yellow‐stage American eels in a large river‐lake ecosystem, trace element line scans were obtained, using LA‐ICP‐MS, from the otoliths of 110 eels sampled at various locations throughout the St. Lawrence River–Lake Ontario (SLRLO) system. Elemental profiles for strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), manganese (Mn) and magnesium (Mg) enabled us to distinguish three chemical signatures that appear to represent three distinct habitats within the SLRLO. Of these, one was shown to likely correspond to the brackish estuary (high strontium values). The other two signatures, characterised by low strontium but variable concentrations of barium and manganese, may correspond to habitats within the main‐stem St. Lawrence River and one or more of its tributaries. Most (78%) of the switches among habitats occurred within the first four years after recruitment suggesting an increasing likelihood for eels to maintain residence in one habitat as they grow older. This suggests that tributaries may provide important habitats for American eels during the first several years after recruiting to the SLRLO. In addition, our results suggest that a small proportion American eels in the SLRLO can undertake movements on the order of at least 200 km during the early growth stage. This information has important implications for the management and conservation of this species in the system. 相似文献
975.
Adriano do N. Simes Marília C. Ventrella Celso L. Moretti Marcelo A.G. Carnelossi Rolf Puschmann 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2010,55(1):45-52
This study characterizes dehydration and white blush processes, structural alterations and synthesis of phenolic compounds (lignin and suberin), in relation to development of white blush on baby carrot surfaces. Carrots were minimally processed as baby carrots and kept on polypropylene trays with or without polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film at 5 ± 2 °C, 90 ± 5% RH. During storage, baby carrots that were not wrapped with PVC film were rehydrated 1, 1.5, 15 and 17 h after minimal processing. Fresh-cut baby carrots were evaluated for white blush index, sensory analysis (visual scores), fresh matter loss, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and structural and histochemical changes. Increases in white blush index and subjective visual scores on the carrot surface occurred in the first hours, when the material was kept on trays without PVC film and after 3 and 6 d, when stored on trays covered with PVC film. Visual assessment of white blush resulted in a more accurate assessment than instrumental evaluation because it allowed the perception of minor differences between distinct white blush levels, especially at the tips. Hydrating baby carrot surfaces for 1 and 1.5 h after processing allowed partial absorption of water by tissues and the orange color was reestablished on the surface. Fifteen hours after processing, even after rehydration, the color did not return to the original orange standard. The rapid increase in PAL activity in the secondary phloem of baby carrots, compared to that of whole carrots, suggested a physiological response as a result of abrasion. Dehydration and structural alterations of the more superficial cell layers were the main causes of white blush in baby carrots that was not related to lignin accumulation, but rather to synthesis of non-structural phenolic compounds. 相似文献
976.
Jhonatan P. Barro Kaique S. Alves Cláudia V. Godoy Alfredo R. Dias Carlos A. Forcelini Carlos M. Utiamada Edson R. de Andrade Júnior Fernando C. Juliatti Fernando J. Grigolli Heraldo R. Feksa Hercules D. Campos Ione C. P. V. Chaves Ivan P. Araújo Júnior João Mauricio T. Roy José Nunes Júnior Luana M. R. Belufi Luciana C. Carneiro Luís H. C. P. Silva Marcelo G. Canteri Marcio M. Goussain Júnior Marina Senger Maurício C. Meyer Moab D. Dias Mônica A. Müller Mônica C. Martins Mônica P. Debortoli Nédio R. Tormen Silvânia H. Furlan Tiago F. Konageski Valtemir J. Carlin Wilson S. Venâncio Emerson M. Del Ponte 《Plant pathology》2021,70(8):1920-1935
Soybean rust in Brazil is currently controlled with several commercial fungicide premixes composed of demethylation inhibitors (EPOXiconazole, CYPRoconazole, PROThioconazole, TEBUconazole), quinone-outside inhibitors (AZOXystrobin, TriFLoXystrobin, PYRAclostrobin, PICOxystrobin), and succinate demethylation inhibitors (BENZovindiflupyr, BIXaFen, FLUXapyroxad). Here, we summarize the performance of eight premixes evaluated in 177 cooperative trials conducted in 46 locations across 10 states from 2015 to 2020. All fungicide treatments were sprayed three times starting at R1/R2. Percentage control (, %), from back-transforming meta-analytic estimates of the log of the ratio, ranged from 56.2% (PICO + CYPR) to 76.8% (BIXF + TFLX + PROT). Estimates of mean yield difference (, kg/ha) between fungicide-treated and untreated plots were greatest for BIXF + TFLX + PROT (1,080) followed by PICO + BENZ (1,010), PYRA + EPOX + FLUX (981.5), AZOX + BENZ (910), TFLX + PROT (891), PICO +TEBU (682), TFLX + CYPR (646), and PICO + CYPR (600). Significant declines in both and in as little as 4 years were detected for AZOX + BENZ (35.3%; 550 kg/ha) and PICO + BENZ (15.5%; 359.8 kg/ha). Variance in was reduced by the inclusion of baseline severity as covariate. In trials where baseline disease was ≥70%, yield was 250 kg/ha greater compared to areas with low baseline disease. Disease control and yield response were generally greater in the south-east, where the frequency of profitable scenarios was 30% higher on average than in the north-west. Results of this meta-analysis are critical for supporting decisions during planning of fungicide programmes. 相似文献
977.
José Alberto Ariza-Ortega Esther Ramírez-Moreno Joel Díaz-Reyes Nelly del Socorro Cruz-Cansino 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(3):268-269
The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of the fatty acids in avocado oil when the product is subjected to different conditions of electric field treatment (voltage: 5 kV cm?1; frequency: 720 Hz; treatment time: 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min). Fatty acids were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region. Electric field is a suitable method to preserve the oil quality and composition with minimal modifications in unsaturated fatty acids. 相似文献
978.
Rafael Coelho Ribeiro Walkymário de Paulo Lemos Paulo Manoel Pontes Lins Roberta de Melo Valente Antonio Agostinho Müller Alexandre Mehl Lunz José Cola Zanuncio 《Phytoparasitica》2012,40(3):239-241
The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae) has great economic and social importance for many industrial and non-industrial products. Pests can reduce its productivity and cause its death. In 2005, larvae and adults of a Curculionidae were observed damaging the floral stalk of coconut palms in commercial plantations in the municipality of Moju, Pará State, in the Brazilian Amazon. Insects were identified as the black coconut bunch weevil, Homalinotus depressus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cholini). This is the first report of this pest damaging coconut palms in Brazil. 相似文献
979.
José L. Ponce de León Rodet Rodríguez Martín Acosta Mari C. Uribe 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2011,20(2):243-250
Abstract – This study describes the relationship between egg size (ES) and brood size (BS), newborn length (NL) and female total length (FTL) in ten species of Cuban poeciliids. Variability and the level of association among variables are analysed and comparisons of ES among species established. Egg size has the lowest variability among the analysed variables and in most species is not correlated with BS, when the effect of FTL is controlled. Cuban poeciliids, thought to be primarily lecithotrophic, can be separated in two groups according to ES, NL and BS relative to FTL. One such group inhabits mountain streams and produces large eggs and small broods. The other group is distributed in lowland wetlands and produces small eggs and large broods. In Cuban poeciliids, ES and NL are highly correlated, which suggests adaptive value for ES. 相似文献
980.
The suitability of early weaning cuttlefish using frozen grass shrimp, and its effects on growth and mortality was determined in a 50‐day experiment. Three food groups were used. One group (C) was fed with live prey until 25th DAH and weaned with frozen prey until the end of the experiment. In the other two groups, weaning started at the fifth DAH (W5) and first DAH (W1), also with frozen diet. Significant differences were found between C and the remaining treatments (P < 0.05) for mean wet weight (MWW), instantaneous growth rate (IGR), biomass (B) and mortality at the 25th and the 50th DAH. Despite the lower growth (~1/3 of the achieved with live food) and higher mortality (3% obtained by C versus 23% in the W1 and W5 groups), C cuttlefish presented a similar weight gain tendency to W1 and W5 groups after weaning. This is the first record of early acceptance (at the first DAH) of frozen food by cuttlefish hatchlings. These differences could be related with digestive enzymes of cuttlefish and prey, changes in nutritional composition and amount of captured prey, etc. Future research should also address the effects of this early weaning on cuttlefish life cycle. 相似文献