烯酰吗啉10%水乳剂在葡萄和土壤上的残留及消解动态研究

进行了烯酰吗啉10%水乳剂在葡萄和土壤中残留消解动态和最终残留量的研究。结果表明,以375mg/L剂量施药4次,距离最后1次施药后21d,烯酰吗啉最终残留量在葡萄中均<0.5mg/kg,在土壤中均<0.7mg/kg。表明烯酰吗啉在葡萄和土壤中消解较快,其残留消解动态曲线符合化学反应一级动力学方程,半衰期:在葡萄上为9.3~14.8d,在土壤中为11.2~15.8d。     

水稻秧池一代二化螟卵量与秧苗叶龄关系及其应用

以水稻秧池秧苗叶龄与当时田间一代二化螟累计卵量占全代卵量的百分率为相关因子,建立直线回归预测式,其相关达极显著水平。由此预测一代二化螟发生趋势,方法简便,准确性高,并揭示出秧池一代二化螟累计卵量与秧苗叶龄关系的规律,从而提出了防治工作“两查两定”的新方法。     

连续淹水培养条件下土壤氮素的矿化过程

在淹水条件下,采用每隔一定时间取样分析的连续培养方法,研究了土壤有机氮的矿化过程。试验表明,与间歇淋洗相比,连续培养条件下有机氮矿化过程较慢,矿化累积量较少,且达一定程度后明显降低。但该法在反映不同土壤矿化量高低、不同有机质矿化难易、不同土壤对加入有机物的矿化速率与间歇淋洗法有同样功效;两种培养方法３２ｄ的矿化量也有密切线性关系。     

Optimal design of scroll compressor’s profiles with key parameters preference

Aiming at the problem around single optimal objective and solution selection without considering designer’s preference, optimal objective function combing maximum compression ratio and maximum coefficient of volume utilization is proposed in a liner weighting model based on defined variables. Furthermore, the main factors’ influence is evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for its advantage of dealing with qualitative analysis data. The second selective preference is achieved by normalization and second liner weighting. The validity of the method is illustrated by a case study.     

大鸨肾脏组织学观察

大鸨肾表面被较深的裂分成前中后三群肾叶。每个肾叶又被其表面的浅沟分成敷个肾小叶。后者由外周的皮质和基部的髓质构成,但小叶内皮质与髓质分界不明显。肾小叶彼此借小叶间静脉分开。小叶周集合管、小叶内动脉、肾小球以中央静脉为轴呈圆周排列。在小叶内,肾小体与小叶间静脉之间主要分布近曲小管,中央静脉与肾小体之间主要分布远曲小管;髓质主要分布有髓质集合管和髓袢。     

河南省食用菌科技推广存在的问题及对策

综合分析了河南省食有菌科技推广中存在的生产经营缺乏宏观引导，科技推广存在自发性和盲目性，体制不协调和食用菌生产本身的不可控因素较多等问题，提出了加强宏观引导，微观调控，建立健全食用菌行业管理，食用菌龙头企业建设，开发建设规模生产基地等具体措施，为食用菌的产业化大发展提供了参考依据。     

小菜蛾寄生性天敌研究及引进利用进展

 就小菜蛾寄生性天敌种类研究及主要寄生蜂引进利用进展进行了综述。寄生性昆虫种类109种,其中卵期寄生蜂5种,幼虫期寄生蜂81种,蛹期寄生蜂23种。对小菜蛾主要寄生蜂的应用前景进行了初步评价。     

Somatic cell and innate immune responses in mammary glands of lactating cows to intramammary infusion of Bifidobacterium breve at pre-drying off period

Intramammary infusion of Bifidobacterium breve (B. breve)-induced somatic cell (SC) counts, chemiluminescent response (CL), lactoferrin (LF) concentrations and mastitis-causing pathogens from quarters with subclinical mastitis were measured to evaluate innate immune response of mammary glands in dairy cows at 3 to 4 weeks before drying off. SC counts in 7 quarters of 7 control cows and 5 quarters of 6 cows with mastitis increased markedly on day 1 and SC values in control cows were significantly (P<0.05) increased and returned to pre-infusion levels on day 5 after B. breve-infusion. CL values in both groups increased markedly on day 1 and then decreased after B. breve-infusion; however, CL values in cows with mastitis did not return to normal levels on day 5 and at postpartum. The CL values were highly correlated with their SC counts in milk from both groups. LF concentrations increased toward day 3 after B. breve-infusion and were higher in cows with mastitis. B. breve-infusion eliminated 16.6% (1/6) of pathogens from 6 quarters with chronic subclinical mastitis. B. breve-induced SC responses in quarters from 3 cows with mastitis showed characteristic patterns of recovery, persistent and new infections. B. breve-induced SC counts in quarters from the cows in the pre-drying off were lower (25.7–70.6%) than those of the cows in mid-lactation. The intrinsic innate immune response in cows on pre-drying off may be decreased and appears to be insufficient to eliminate pathogens from mammary gland in the pre-drying off.     

温室土壤硝态氮积累的温度、水分、施氮量耦合效应

为了探讨温室作物生产水肥管理和土壤温度对土壤硝态氮累积的影响，本文选取使用5年的温室土壤样品进行培养试验，研究温度、水分、施氮量及其耦合效应对温室土壤硝化作用和硝态氮累积的影响。试验结果表明：温室土壤硝态氮累积量可用“S”曲线进行定量描述，硝化过程中最大硝化速率、延迟期和最大可能累积量是参数土壤温度，含水率和NH₄-N含量的函数；通过正交回归分析得出影响最大硝化速率的因素主次顺序依次为温度、含水率、温度与含水率的交互作用、水肥的耦合作用以及施氮量；影响延迟期的因素主次顺序依次为土壤水分、土壤温度、施氮量以及水肥耦合作用；最大可能累积量与温度、含水率及施氮量呈指数关系，其中施氮量影响最大，土壤温度次之，而这3个因素之间的交互作用对最大可能累积量没有明显的影响。利用回归模型，可为不同温度环境及水肥条件下硝态氮累积量及氮利用的有效性预测提供依据。