Replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal in diets for large yellow croaker, Pseudosciaena crocea

A growth experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of fish meal (FM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) in diets on the growth and body composition of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Six isonitrogenous (43% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20 kJ g^− 1) diets replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% FM protein by MBM protein were formulated. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish in sea floating cages (1.0 × 1.0 × 1.5 m), and each cage was stocked with 180 fish (initial average weight of 1.88 ± 0.02 g). Fish were fed twice daily (05:00 and 17:30) to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The water temperature ranged from 26.5 to 32.5 °C, salinity from 32 to 36‰, and dissolved oxygen content was approximately 7 mg l^− 1 during the experimental period. Survival decreased with increasing dietary MBM and the survival in the fish fed the diet with 75% protein from MBM was significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among the fish fed the diets with 0 (the control group), 15, 30 and 45% protein from MBM. However, SGR in the fish fed the diets with 60 and 75% protein from MBM were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences in feeding rate were observed among dietary treatments. The digestibility experiment showed that the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy of MBM were significantly lower compared with those of FM (P < 0.05). Essential amino acid index was found to be correlated positively with SGR in the present study, suggesting that essential amino acid balance was important. Body composition analysis showed that the carcass protein and essential amino acids were not significantly affected by dietary MBM. The lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) in fish muscle, however, significantly decreased with increasing dietary MBM. These results showed that 45% of FM protein could be replaced by MBM protein in diets of large yellow croaker without significantly reducing growth. It was suggested that the reduced growth with higher MBM was due to lower digestibility and imbalance of essential amino acids.     

Turn Red Plum Cultivation and Management Techniques

转紫红是陕西省米脂地区的一个乡土树种,特别适应本地的自然环境,而且栽培价值高,除成片大面积栽培外,也适于群众家前屋后散生栽培.     

水稻广亲和温敏不育系株1 S的选育及应用

株１Ｓ是用遗传 远的不同生态类型材料杂交充 灿型广亲和温敏不育系。育性转换临界温度２３℃左右，在湖南稳定不育期９０ｄ以上，开花习性好，异交结实率４０％以上。海南冬敏少本地低温水深灌繁殖自交结实率在３０％以上，具有广亲和性，一般配合力和特殊配合力均较强，用其选配的早晚稻组合已有４个参加省区试。具有广阔的应用前景。     

牛羊4种寄生虫病联合诊断技术的研究与应用

疫区牛羊同时寄生有捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫等多种寄生虫。目前血清学诊断方法对这 4种寄生虫病的检测需 2～ 4次操作。将捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫抗原分别以 0 1 5 ,0 0 4 ,0 0 6和 0 1 3μg/ μL的最佳浓度依次定点在同一硝酸纤维素膜条上 ,制成 4种寄生虫病联合诊断膜。用黄牛IgG ,水牛IgG和山羊IgG联合免疫兔 ,获得了高效价兔抗黄牛、水牛和山羊 (简称兔抗牛羊 )IgG抗血清。应用兔抗牛羊IgG抗血清连接酶标SPA ,建立了 1份血纸能同时用于检测牛、羊捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫病抗体技术。经浙江、湖北、四川、安徽等省应用 ,该项技术具有省工、省时、经济、实用等优点。适宜于牛、羊捻转血矛线虫、日本血吸虫、伊氏锥虫和肝片吸虫病流行区的普查或监测     

南美斑潜蝇及其寄生蜂消长规律

对云南省南美斑潜蝇及其主要寄生蜂潜蝇姬小蜂和潜蝇茧蜂的种群消长规律进行了研究。南美斑潜蝇在昆明关上菜区于 4、7、10月出现 3个高峰。潜蝇姬小蜂在春季蚕豆上种群数量较高 ,是控制南美斑潜蝇的主要蜂种。潜蝇茧蜂在秋季大棚内种群数量较高 ,是控制大棚南美斑潜蝇的主要蜂种。这两种寄生蜂对作物寄主有明显的选择性 ,潜蝇姬小蜂在春季的蚕豆、豌豆和芹菜上种群数量较高 ,潜蝇茧蜂在秋季的莴笋上种群数量较高     

A new method for counting of quail leukocytes by flow cytometry

An automatic counting method was developed for fish blood cells using a fluorescent dye, 3, 3-dihexyloxacarbocyanine (DiOC (6)(3)), that selectively stain lipid bilayers in living cells. In the present study, the DiOC(6)(3) method was applied to quail (Cotumix cotumix japonica) blood cells. After quail blood cells were stained with DiOC(6)(3), absolute counts and relative proportions of erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes plus thrombocytes in whole blood were obtained by means of flow cytometry (FC). The number of each cell types by the FC was in good agreement with those counted microscopically. This method will offer new possibilities for routine blood cell counting for avian medicine.     

甜樱桃品种S基因型研究概况

甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)属配子体型自交不亲和(Gametophyticself-incompatibility,GSI),遗传上由染色体上具有复等位基因构成的单一位点或基因座控制(称为S基因座)。在一个S基因座上,植物种群内可含有多个S等位基因,称为S基因。甜樱桃品种大多数自交不亲和,在生产中必须配置授     

用基于PCR的分子标记分析甘蓝型油菜抗感菌核病品系间的遗传距离

用离体叶接种法鉴定了甘蓝型油菜选系对菌核病的抗感性，结果表明绝大多数抗性品系与感病品种间的差异达到显著或极显著水平。以两种基于ＰＣＲ的标记估计所选１０ 份材料间的遗传距离。１９ 个随机引物扩增出了２６ 条重复性很好的ＲＡＰＤ 标记，１ 对依据植物Ｒ基因的ＮＢＳ区段设计的简并引物扩增出了３ 条多态性的带。依据２９ 个标记进行聚类分析，结果表明抗、感性材料在遗传距离为０．１２０６ 处被明显地区分开。５份抗性材料中，宁ＲＳ—１ 与中油８２１、中Ｒ８８８ 等其它抗性品系的遗传距离较远     

水产动物微颗粒饲料加工工艺研究进展

水产动物幼体微颗粒饲料是近些年来国内外研究开发的热点,文中综述了国际上较为流行的几种微颗粒饲料造粒工艺,包括微黏合工艺、微包膜工艺、聚合反应工艺、相分离技术造粒工艺、物理机械法造粒以及混合法造粒工艺。微颗粒饲料制粒工艺是微颗粒饲料产业乃至水产育苗行业的关键技术,其进一步发展有赖于制粒工艺技术研究和水产动物幼苗营养及消化生理研究的综合进展。