青胡桃总黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性分析

[目的]对不同产地青胡桃中总黄酮含量进行测定,并对青胡桃抗氧化活性进行研究,为其作为天然抗氧化剂的开发和利用提供科学依据.[方法]通过紫外—可见分光光度法对贵州省10个县(区)的青胡桃中总黄酮含量进行测定比较;并以赫章县青胡桃为试验材料,采用DPPH法和ABTS法对青胡桃不同溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性进行综合评价.[结果]在青胡桃总黄酮含量测定方法中,芦丁质量浓度在0.5~4.0 mg/mL内线性良好,平均回收率为97.47%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.26%(n=9);不同地区青胡桃中总黄酮平均含量差异不明显,贵州省胡桃最主要产地赫章县的青胡桃总黄酮平均含量为9.51%.青胡桃的80%乙醇提取物、石油醚萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物和水萃取物中总黄酮含量分别为286.59、89.04、108.48和173.67 mg/g,4种萃取物均有清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的作用,且随萃取物质量浓度的增加而逐渐增强,抗氧化能力排序为80%乙醇提取物>水萃取物>乙酸乙酯萃取物>石油醚萃取物.[结论]建立的青胡桃总黄酮含量测定方法简单、快速、便捷,其线性、稳定性、精密度、重复性和回收率良好.青胡桃具有较强的抗氧化活性,可作为天然抗氧化剂进行开发,具有较好的功能性食品和药品开发前景.     

秦巴山区蜜环菌新菌株“陕蜜2009”选育研究

秦巴山区拥有独特的地理环境和气候,成为中国最大的天麻主产区之一,为保障天麻、猪苓产业稳步发展,课题组从不同生态环境条件的天麻种植区采集蜜环菌资源进行分离纯化,获得资源菌株18个,经过系统选育,筛选出优良菌株ZY-17,命名为“陕蜜2009”。该品种在秦巴山区多年多点的区域试验和生产试验中,表现出伴栽天麻产量高、菌种适应性强、稳定性好的特点。栽培试验表明,该品种伴栽天麻无性繁殖生产,比对照菌株（京-234）增产28.22%;伴栽天麻有性繁殖生产,比对照菌株（京-234）增产28.71%。     

气候变化对秃尾河流域径流量的影响

为探讨秃尾河流域径流量对气候变化的关系,利用秃尾河流域1970～2005年36 a来的气温、降水和天然径流量数据,对该流域气温、降水和径流量年际和季节性的变化特征及趋势进行了分析,研究了气候因子与径流量的相关性.研究结果表明:秃尾河流域年平均气温呈现明显升高趋势,以冬季升温为主;年降水表现为缓慢减少趋势,降水减少主要表...     

Study on the Changes of Reproductive Hormone and Regulation of Follicle Development During the Reproductive Cycle of Yili Goose in Xinjiang

This experiment was aimed to study the changes of reproductive hormone and regulation of follicle development during the reproductive cycle of Yili goose in Xinjiang. 2 years old Yili goose were chosen which were in good health and similar weight. 32 samples were randomly selected to take blood samples for hormone detection during the laying, broodiness and ceased periods, and 15 samples were randomly selected to gather ovarian tissue for the observation of the development of ovary and follicular. The results showed that during the laying period, the GnRH of the Yili goose was extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 16.78% and 58.29% (P<0.01);PRL was significantly lower than the broodiness period of 13.00% (P<0.05), and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 28.94% (P<0.01); FSH was higher than the broodiness period of 6.98% (P>0.05),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 21.12% (P<0.01); LH was extremely significantly lower than the broodiness period of 8.38% (P<0.01),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 16.84% (P<0.01); E₂ were extremely significantly higher than that the broodiness and ceased periods of 29.80% and 112.40% (P<0.01); P₄ levels were extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 28.89% and 30.34% (P<0.01). The ovary volume and weight of Yili goose were extremely significantly higher than that of broodiness and ceased periods (P<0.01). In the laying period, the mature follicles of Yili goose were significantly larger than that of the broodiness and resting periods, the number of secondary follicles was more and the number of primary follicles was lesser. Ovarian growth and mature follicle atresia, granule layer shrinkage, inward depression, cytoplasmic cavity, follicular atrophy at all levels in the broodiness period. The follicle cytoplasmic cavity of the ovary was larger in the ceased period than broodiness period, and inward concave further deeper, a large number of primordial follicles evenly arranged. Thus, during the laying period, the responses of GnRH, E₂ and LH of Yili goose were active and played a leading role on the development of ovarian and follicular. PRL and LH maintained a high level of secretion, cooperated to maintain the broodiness behavior during the broodiness period.     

当前龙虾产业发展现状及政策建议——基于“龙虾门”事件对盐城龙虾产业后续影响调查

本文作者结合南京＂龙虾门＂事件,对盐城龙虾产业的现状进行了调查研究,并对龙虾产业发展提出一些建议,供养殖者参考。     

内蒙古农业大学机构知识库构建初探

从机构知识库的含义和内蒙古农业大学机构知识库的发展现状出发,探讨高校机构知识库建设目标、内容的创建与获取及服务模式,重点介绍基于DSpace的内蒙古农业大学机构知识库的构建方法。     

克伦特罗对绵羊肝脏血流量和氮代谢的影响

在4头门静脉、肝静脉、肠系膜静脉和股动脉上安装血管导管的绵羊中研究了克伦特罗（CL,0.8 mg/kgBW,肠系膜静脉给药,每天2次,连续5 d）对其肝脏生长代谢的影响。结果表明:CL对肝脏血流量影响较小。而在CL作用下绵羊血浆中尿素氮水平明显下降,肝静脉和门静脉血液尿素氮流量分别减少16.86％（P<0.01）和15.51％（P<0.05）。肝静脉多肽流量在CL处理期也较对照期下降38.71％（P<0.01）,门静脉处多肽水平处理期则与对照期相当。克伦特罗还增加绵羊肝脏IGF-I的合成和分泌,门静脉和肝静脉中的增加幅度分别为38.84％（P<0.01）和33.18％（P<0.01）。提示CL可通过增强对绵羊肝脏氮的储留及肝脏IGF-I的合成和分泌从而促进机体的生长代谢。     

不同pH下两种可变电荷土壤中Cu(II)、Pb(II)和Cd(II)吸附与解吸的比较研究

对两种可变电荷土壤的研宄表明,土壤对Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量均随pH的增加而增加,但Cu(Ⅱ)与Pb(Ⅱ)吸附量之间的差值随pH增加而减小,Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)与Cd(Ⅱ)吸附量之间的差值随pH增大呈增大趋势.土壤吸附的Cd(Ⅱ)的解吸量随吸附平衡液pH的增加而增加;但Cu(Ⅱ)和Pb(Ⅱ)的解吸量先随pH增加而增加,在某一pH时达最大,随后再逐渐减小.3种重金属离子在可变电荷土壤中吸附和解吸行为的不同特征是pH导致的土壤表面电荷的变化和离子水解程度的变化共同作用的结果.本文的研究结果对可变电荷土壤中重金属的控制和污染土壤的修复具有一定的指导意义.     

节水灌溉对水稻抗逆生理性状的影响

通过防雨篷池栽试验,以土水势为灌水下限控制指标,重点研究了不同节水灌溉条件下水稻结实期时丙二醛（MDA）含量、细胞质膜透性、渗透调节物质等生理形状指标相对值变化规律。研究结果表明,在适宜土壤水分胁迫下,即土水势高于-30kPa,丙二醛（MDA）含量、细胞质膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量相对值有所升高,当土壤水分低于灌溉下限复水至土壤饱和时,有所恢复,随着生育时期延长,变化趋势平稳,这说明叶片本身存在一定对干旱胁迫适应与调节能力。当水势低于-30kPa时,丙二醛（MDA）含量、细胞质膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量相对值显著升高,抗旱性强品种的丙二醛（MDA）含量、细胞质膜透性增加或升高幅度小,抗旱性强品种可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量升高幅度大。花后16天,细胞质膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量相对值降低。     

黑沙蒿直根的材料力学特性研究

以鄂尔多斯采煤塌陷区植物的优势种之一黑沙蒿为研究对象,采用伺服式强力机研究其直根的材料力学特性。结果表明:在1~5mm径级范围内抗拉力、抗折力与根径均呈幂函数正相关,抗拉强度、抗折强度与根径呈幂函数负相关。在拉力和折力分别作用下,直根均表现出弹塑性变形特征,抗拉极限弹性力大于抗折极限弹性力,轴向弹性变形小于径向弹性变形。直根承受径向折力的σ~ε(应力—应变)曲线基本为下凹型,承受轴向拉力时的σ~ε曲线基本为上凸型,对于两种受力形式,极限强度均随根径的增大而减小,极限应变与根径无相关性。1~5mm根径直根的平均抗拉强度(8.32±1.67)MPa大于平均抗折强度(5.39±0.85)MPa,表明黑沙蒿直根抵抗轴向拉力的能力优于抵抗径向折力。