排序方式: 共有189条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
181.
Beatriz Mart��nez-Poveda Salvador Rodr��guez-Nieto Melissa Garc��a-Caballero Miguel-��ngel Medina Ana R. Quesada 《Marine drugs》2012,10(9):2033-2046
Aeroplysinin-1 is a brominated metabolite extracted from the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba that has been previously characterized by our group as a potent antiangiogenic compound in vitro and in vivo. In this work, we provide evidence of a selective induction of apoptosis by aeroplysinin-1 in endothelial cells. Studies on the nuclear morphology of treated cells revealed that aeroplysinin-1 induces chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation, and it increases the percentage of cells with sub-diploid DNA content in endothelial, but not in HCT-116, human colon carcinoma and HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Treatment of endothelial cells with aeroplysinin-1 induces activation of caspases-2, -3, -8 and -9, as well as the cleavage of apoptotic substrates, such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and lamin-A in a caspase-dependent mechanism. Our data indicate a relevant role of the mitochondria in the apoptogenic activity of this compound. The observation that aeroplysinin-1 prevents the phosphorylation of Bad relates to the mitochondria-mediated induction of apoptosis by this compound. 相似文献
182.
Maria Luz Prieto Laurie O��Sullivan Shiau Pin Tan Peter McLoughlin Helen Hughes Paula M. O��Connor Paul D. Cotter Peadar G. Lawlor Gillian E. Gardiner 《Marine drugs》2012,10(10):2280-2299
The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the bacteriocinogenic potential of bacteria derived mainly from seaweed, but also sand and seawater, (2) to identify at least some of the bacteriocins produced, if any and (3) to determine if they are unique to the marine environment and/or novel. Fifteen Bacillus licheniformis or pumilus isolates with antimicrobial activity against at least one of the indicator bacteria used were recovered. Some, at least, of the antimicrobials produced were bacteriocins, as they were proteinaceous and the producers displayed immunity. Screening with PCR primers for known Bacillus bacteriocins revealed that three seaweed-derived Bacillus licheniformis harbored the bli04127 gene which encodes one of the peptides of the two-peptide lantibiotic lichenicidin. Production of both lichenicidin peptides was then confirmed by mass spectrometry. This is the first definitive proof of bacteriocin production by seaweed-derived bacteria. The authors acknowledge that the bacteriocin produced has previously been discovered and is not unique to the marine environment. However, the other marine isolates likely produce novel bacteriocins, as none harboured genes for known Bacillus bacteriocins. 相似文献
183.
Luiz Henrique Agra Cavalcante-Silva Carolina Barbosa Brito da Matta Morgana Vital de Ara��jo Jos�� Maria Barbosa-Filho Daysianne Pereira de Lira B��rbara Viviana de Oliveira Santos George Emmanuel C. de Miranda Magna Suzana Alexandre-Moreira 《Marine drugs》2012,10(9):1977-1992
The marine environment is an extraordinary reservoir of bioactive natural products, many of which exhibit chemical and structural features not found in terrestrial natural products. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of a crude methanolic extract of the red alga Bryothamnion triquetrum (BT-MeOH) in murine models. Groups of Swiss mice of both sexes (25–30 g) were used throughout the experiments. The potential antinociceptive of BT-MeOH was evaluated by means of the following tests: acetic acid-induced writhing, hot-plate test and glutamate- and formalin-induced nociception. The anti-inflammatory activity of BT-MeOH was investigated using the zymosan A-induced peritonitis test. The tests were conducted using 100 mg/kg (p.o.) BT-MeOH, 33.3 mg/kg (p.o.) dipyrone, 35.7 mg/kg (p.o.) indomethacin and 5.7 mg/kg (s.c.) morphine. The extract and all standard drugs were administered 40 min before the nociceptive/inflammatory stimulus. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, BT-MeOH and dipyrone inhibited the nociceptive response by 55.9% (22.2 ± 2.0 writhings; p < 0.01) and 80.9% (9.6 ± 2.1 writhings; p < 0.01). In the hot-plate test, BT-MeOH did not increase the latency time of the animals in the time evaluated. In addition, BT-MeOH inhibited glutamate-induced nociception by 50.1%. While BT-MeOH did not inhibit the neurogenic phase in formalin-induced nociception, the inflammatory phase was inhibited by 53.1% (66.8 ± 14.2 s; p < 0.01). Indomethacin inhibited the inflammatory phase by 60.2% (56.8 ± 8.7 s; p < 0.01). In the zymosan-induced peritonitis test, BT-MeOH inhibited 55.6% (6.6 ± 0.2 × 106 leukocytes/mL; p < 0.01) of leukocyte migration, while indomethacin inhibited 78.1% (3.2 ± 0.1 × 106 leukocytes/mL; p < 0.01). Based on the results obtained in this study, we conclude that BT-MeOH has peripheral antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. However, more studies need to be conducted to confirm these properties. 相似文献
184.
Valentina Sepe Raffaella Ummarino Maria Valeria D��Auria Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Simona De Marino Claudio D��Amore Barbara Renga Maria Giovanna Chini Giuseppe Bifulco Yoichi Nakao Nobuhiro Fusetani Stefano Fiorucci Angela Zampella 《Marine drugs》2012,10(11):2448-2466
Using theonellasterol as a novel FXR antagonist hit, we prepared a series of semi-synthetic derivatives in order to gain insight into the structural requirements for exhibiting antagonistic activity. These derivatives are characterized by modification at the exocyclic carbon-carbon double bond at C-4 and at the hydroxyl group at C-3 and were prepared from theonellasterol using simple reactions. Pharmacological investigation showed that the introduction of a hydroxyl group at C-4 as well as the oxidation at C-3 with or without concomitant modification at the exomethylene functionality preserve the ability of theonellasterol to inhibit FXR transactivation caused by CDCA. Docking analysis showed that the placement of these molecules in the FXR-LBD is well stabilized when on ring A functional groups, able to form hydrogen bonds and π interactions, are present. 相似文献
185.
Lorenzo Gonz��lez Stuart Martin Stephen A.C. Hawkins Wilfred Goldmann Martin Jeffrey S��lvia Sis�� 《Veterinary research》2010,41(4)
After detection of a high prevalence of scrapie in a large dairy goat herd, 72 infected animals were examined by immunohistochemistry with prion protein (PrP) antibody Bar224 to study the pathogenesis of the infection. Tissues examined included the brain and thoracic spinal cord (TSC), a wide selection of lymphoreticular system (LRS) tissues, the distal ileum and its enteric nervous system (ENS), and other organs, including the mammary gland. The whole open reading frame of the PRNP gene was sequenced and antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection were determined. Unexpectedly, accumulation of disease-associated PrP (PrPd) in the brain was more frequent in methionine carriers at codon 142 (24/32, 75.0%) than amongst isoleucine homozygotes (14/40, 35.0%). The latter, however, showed significantly greater amounts of brain PrPd than the former (average scores of 9.3 and 3.0, respectively). A significant proportion of the 38 goats that were positive in brain were negative in the ENS (44.7%) or in the TSC (39.5%). These results, together with the early and consistent involvement of the circumventricular organs and the hypothalamus, point towards a significant contribution of the haematogenous route in the process of neuroinvasion. Chronic enteritis was observed in 98 of the 200 goats examined, with no association with either scrapie infection or presence of PrPd in the gut. Lymphoproliferative interstitial mastitis was observed in 13/31 CAEV-positive and scrapie-infected goats; PrPd in the mammary gland was detected in five of those 13 goats, suggesting a possible contribution of CAEV infection in scrapie transmission via milk. 相似文献
186.
Junghwa An Sung-Kyoung Choi Julie Sommer Edward Louis Jr Rick Brenneman Barbora Zemanov�� Petra H��jkov�� Grimm Park Mi-Sook Min Kyung-Seok Kim Hang Lee 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2010,11(4):351-353
In order to screen microsatellites for conservation genetics studies of the species, a total of 23 microsatellite loci from Korean goral (Naemorhedus caudatus), including 15 previously developed loci and 8 new loci in this study, were tested. Eleven microsatellites were screened and subjected to cross-species amplification using a test panel of four Caprinae species, Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus), Chinese gorals (Naemorhedus goral), Northern chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and domestic goats (Capra hircus). In addition, all eleven microsatellites (SY3A, SY12A, SY12B, SY48, SY58, SY71, SY76, SY84, SY84B, SY112, and SY129) satisfied the criteria to be a core set of microsatellites. This core set of microsatellites and cross-species amplification of Korean goral microsatellites were found to be helpful for high-resolution studies for conservation and management of Korean goral and other endangered Caprinae species. 相似文献
187.
The private forestry sector in Hungary was reintroduced in the early 1990s, as a part of the initial economic reform package
aimed at transforming the economy from central planning to a market economy. The fundamental changes required a complete restructuring
of the forestry sector, which is still going on, with sound information becoming ever more important. The Economic Monitoring
Network for Private Forests in Hungary (EMN-PF) is supporting a price and cost reference database, financial analysis of forestry
processes, forestry holding analysis and estimation of the economic output of the private forestry sector. Each output is
based on data collecting methods that are balanced between accuracy and ease of data collection. EMN-PF applies surveys and
uses open databases as data sources. Forest owners’ and integrators’ estimates are an easy way of collecting data, but the
accuracy of data is difficult to control. The analysis of forest holdings can be based on the annual financial reports of
forest enterprises with pure forest activity. These reports are already existing documents, which therefore are easy to collect
in large numbers, but do not provide highly detailed data. Based on the National Forest Inventory and the results of the financial
analysis, the economic output of the private forestry sector can be estimated. 相似文献
188.
Capacity for Timber Management in Small and Medium Forest Enterprises: A Case Study from the Peruvian Amazon 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
With the implementation of a new legal framework for more responsible forest management in Peru, private small-medium forest
enterprises (SMFEs) have become the most important social actors engaged in commercial forestry in the Peruvian Amazon. Despite
the role of SMFEs in contributing to employment and local economic growth, there is little information with respect to their
economic performance and capacities. This is a hindrance to efforts aimed at better characterizing this important sector and
its influence on the development and conservation of tropical forests. For this study, 29 private SMFEs were surveyed to inventory
their capital assets in order to evaluate their capacities to carry out timber management. Results indicate that SMFEs vary
greatly in terms of their produced and natural capital assets, and consequently in their forest management capabilities as
well. While most SMFEs lack adequate capacity for sustainable forest management, those that had more valuable timber resources
and physical infrastructure attained forest certification. SMFE capacities depend greatly on external mechanisms to ensure
consistent technical and financial assistance. 相似文献
189.
Bernard Pr��vosto Yogan Monnier Christian Ripert Catherine Fernandez 《European Journal of Forest Research》2011,130(1):67-76
The goal of this study was to develop management strategies favouring establishment and survival of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.)??two species co-occurring in Southern France??in mature Allepo pine forests (Pinus halepensis Mill subsp. halepensis). An experimental design was assessed in a partially cut mature stand of Aleppo pine in which five soil and vegetation treatments??chopping, chopping followed by scarification in one or two directions, prescribed burning, control??and two slash treatments (presence/absence) were applied. A total of 1,600 sowing points, each composed of 3 Q. ilex or Q. pubescens acorns, were installed in the different treatments in November of two consecutive years at 6 and 18 months, after the end of treatments. Survival was monitored 3 and 2 years after sowing, soil surface at the sowing points was characterized at different dates, and predawn leaf water potentials were measured during the dry season. High mortality occurred after the first summer, but survival after 1 year was 2.3?C5.2 higher in Q. ilex than in Q. pubescens, confirming that Q. ilex was better adapted to the drier parts of the Mediterranean area. Survival was significantly influenced by the treatments, but there was a variable response between the two sowing years under most of the treatments. Only intense fire proved the most beneficial treatment for seedling survival in both years. The micro-local soil cover conditions induced by the treatments played a major role in explaining oak survival. In particular, grass cover (mainly Brachypodium retusum) proved to be largely unfavourable to seedling survival and growth, and this detrimental effect was also confirmed by lower predawn leaf water potential values with increasing grass cover. Acorn introduction designed to diversify mature Aleppo pine forest after soil and vegetation treatments therefore has to be considered for treatments that most efficiently impair the pre-existing competing grass cover such as prescribed high-intensity fire treatment. 相似文献