Tree ecophysiology in the context of climate change

Forest structure and function strongly depend on and concurrently influence environmental conditions.Tree performance is generally governed by its genetics and environment;thus,recent hotspots in this field include tree genotype × environment,phenotype × environment,and functional trait × environment interactions.The editorial,review,and 22 original research articles in this Special Issue, "Tree ecophysiology in the context of climate change",highlight ecophysiological phenomena(e.g.,climate hor...     

不同有机物料腐熟剂对农业废弃物堆肥腐熟效率的影响

为提高农业废弃物资源化利用效率,选择6种不同有机物料腐熟剂进行牛粪和棉花秸秆的堆肥试验,监测堆肥温度、pH值、碳氮比、含水量、种子发芽指数等指标.结果表明:添加有机物料腐熟剂后,堆肥沤制初期升温快,堆肥沤制后期腐熟效率高;添加有机物料腐熟剂能缩短堆肥腐熟周期;根据试验结果和使用成本判断6种有机物料腐熟剂性价比,以四川绿微公司生产的有机肥发酵剂和鹤壁人元生物公司生产的促腐剂应用于牛粪和秸秆堆肥发酵效果较好.     

枣实蝇不同发育阶段过冷却点及结冰点的测定

为初步探究枣实蝇耐寒能力,利用过冷却点测定仪对枣实蝇(Carpomya vesuviana Costa)不同发育阶段的过冷却点及体液结冰点进行测定。结果表明,枣实蝇不同发育阶段的过冷却点不同,同一虫态个体间的过冷却点出现不同程度的差异。不同虫龄的过冷却点和体液结冰点差异显著,表现为随着虫龄的增加过冷却点和体液结冰点降低。其中枣实蝇3龄幼虫的过冷却点平均值为(-9.75±0.64)℃,体液结冰点平均值为(-5.53±0.46)℃。枣实蝇30日龄蛹过冷却点平均值为(-22.71±1.21)℃,1日龄蛹平均值为(-7.28±1.08)℃;而枣实蝇30日龄蛹的体液结冰点平均值为(-17.01±2.34)℃,1日龄蛹平均值为(-5.49±0.56)℃。可见,栆实蝇过冷却点较低,具有很强的耐寒性,极有可能适宜在中国大部分枣产区生存。     

The interplay between leaf water potential and osmotic adjustment on photosynthetic and growth parameters of tropical dry forest trees

Mimosa tenuiflora and Piptadenia stipulacea are commonly accepted as drought-tolerant species but little is known about their response to drought followed by rehydration.Therefore,the interplay between leaf water potential and osmotic adjustment on photo synthetic and growth parameters of these species was examined.A greenhouse study was conducted in a split-plot design with two water conditions in the main plots(control;drought followed by rehydration),and eight sampling times in the subplots(1...     

Ecophysiology and multivariate analysis for production of Tachigali vulgaris in Brazil:Influence of rainfall seasonality and fertilization

Studies on fertilization management of species native to the Amazon for energy plantations contribute to the diversity of species use and reduce biological risk due to the excessive use of clones or hybrids of Eucalyptus.This study evaluates the effect of precipitation seasonality and phosphorus and potassium fertilization on gas exchange in a Tachigali vulgaris plantation.Three levels of P(zero,65.2,130.4 kg ha^-1) and three of K(zero,100.0,200.0 kg ha^-1)were applied in a 3...     

Response of photosynthesis,growth, and acorn mass of pedunculate oak to diff erent levels of nitrogen in wet and dry growing seasons

The objective was to examine the effects of optimal leaf nitrogen levels> 2.0% and suboptimal levels <2.0%,nitrogen nutrition on net photo synthetic rate,stem diameter increment,height growth increment and acorn mass of pedunculate oak during 2010 in the absence of drought stress and during 2011 under the impact of moderate drought stress.According to the results,moderate drought stress significantly reduced net photo synthetic rate,stem diameter increment and height growth increment,while...     

Influence of fire on woody vegetation of savanna and forest formations in the Cerrado biome

Wildfires have environmental,economic,and social impacts,and can shape the landscape and benefit ecosystems such as the Cerrado.This study evaluated the diversity,similarity,and floristic and structural differences of woody savanna and forest formations of the Cerrado,when affected and not affected by fire.Twenty-eight 25-400m2 plots were randomly allocated and divided into Burnt Cerrado and Unburnt Cerrado,Burnt Forest,and Unburnt Forest,and divided into three levels of inclusion according to d...     

无人机棉花脱叶关键技术及应用分析

棉花催熟、脱叶是棉花采收环节中不可或缺的一项主要技术措施,其中,脱叶剂品种选择、喷施时期是否得当及喷施质量决定着脱叶效果和棉花采收质量.无人机因其独特的优势,在阿克苏地区棉花生产上的应用越来越广泛,但也存在一些问题.本文从脱叶剂选择、作业时间的确定、关键技术建议等方面总结阿克苏地区无人机棉花脱叶催熟关键技术,以供棉农参考.