Compressive failure of spruce wood rings reinforced with glass epoxy composite

We experimentally tested under radial compressive loads and statistically analyzed rings constructed from spruce wood and reinforced with glass fiber.We used the Weibull distribution in statistical analysis,and tested five types of rings including unreinforced and composite reinforced(CR) as wound around the ring,oriented as two layers at angles of 45°,60°,75° and 90° to the column axis.We calculated 95 % reliability of load carrying capacity of the rings by Weibull distribution.The highest load carrying capacity was obtained with CR rings at 60° to the axial axis of the ring.Load carrying capacities of rings at CR90,CR75,CR60 and CR45 were 137,192,215 and 126 %greater,respectively,than unreinforced rings.For unreinforced rings,failures resulted from catastrophic breaking of wood materials.None of the reinforced rings failed catastrophically because the outer surface of the rings was reinforced with glass–epoxy composite fiber.Cracks began at the core of the materials under the composite layer for all specimens and resulted in failure of the rings.     

露地洋葱水肥一体化优质高产栽培技术

近年来,人们对洋葱需求量逐年增加,而实现洋葱规模化种植是满足市场需求和提高品质的最好方法.本文通过生产实践调查,从地块选择、种子处理、播种技术、田间管理、适时收获等方面总结洋葱水肥一体化优质高产栽培管理技术,供种植户参考.     

还田时期对绿肥用油菜腐解与养分释放规律的影响

探讨绿肥用油菜还田时期对干物质腐解与养分释放规律的影响,以期为华北地区油菜用作绿肥及后茬作物减氮增效提供理论依据。采用尼龙网袋埋田法研究了绿肥油菜初花期(G1)、盛花期(G2)和角果成熟期(G3)还田的干物质腐解与养分释放规律。结果表明,G1 处理油菜还田干物质量比G2 和G3 处理显著减少45.43% 和46.87%;G1 和G2 处理还田时碳含量低于G3 处理,G1 处理氮和磷含量最高,分别为28.17 和5.21 g/kg,钾含量表现为G1>G2>G3,G1 与G3 处理差异显著。绿肥油菜还田后分快速、中速和慢速腐解3 个阶段,持续期分别为还田后0 ～ 17、18 ～ 45 和46 ～ 123 d,阶段内累积腐解率分别达44.27% ～ 66.87%、12.56% ～ 29.18% 和4.49% ～ 13.81%,最终累积腐解率达60.53% ～ 91.87%;G1 和G2 处理间腐解率无显著差异,但显著高于G3 处理。绿肥油菜还田后碳、氮、磷和钾释放率与腐解率对应亦表现为前期快速释放、中期缓慢释放、后期趋于平稳的规律,且养分累积释放率均表现为钾> 碳> 氮> 磷。经腐解,G1 处理碳、氮、磷和钾累积释放率分别为94.70%、92.97%、88.76% 和93.26%,G2 处理分别为84.25%、86.32%、86.51% 和92.52%,G3 处理分别为72.52%、59.97%、68.54%和87.67%;G2 处理氮、磷和钾释放量最高,分别为125.15、22.88 和50.42 kg/hm²,且G2 处理氮、磷释放量显著高于G1 和G3 处理,G2 处理的钾释放量与G3 处理无明显差异。综上所述,华北地区绿肥油菜在盛花期还田干物质量大且氮、磷、钾释放量最高,是最适宜的还田时期,可为下茬作物减施化肥提供技术支撑与理论依据。     

Virtual Studio System Technology

Virtual studio system (VSS), a new technology based on virtual reality, develops fast in recent years. Virtual studio concept replaces real background sets with computer generated 3D synthetic and combines real foreground action, with computer generated backgrounds. As VSS need not construct real background sets and has little limitness of time and space, it is regarded as a revolution in TV programs. This paper mainly discusses about the background, technology feature, application and future.     

A Review on Class D Audio Power Amplifier Control Techniques

Although class D amplifier has high efficiency, its distortion is larger than linear counterparts due to switching behaviour of power transistors. It is the hotspot of power electronics and audio power amplifier that researching new control technique to improve fidelity of class D amplifier. In this paper, a few novel control techniques in class D audio power amplifier are reviewed.     

Finite Element Analysis of Concrete Structures Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Sheet

Stress redistributes after the concrete structures strenthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheet. It is a question of secondary loading.Many scholars have studied it and got a lot of achievements.This paper summarizes the methods and analyzes their advantage and shortcoming. Based on it, a new method is proposed.The method is developing in large-scale general software-Ansys by using adding new elements, constitutive relationship, failure criterion,and so on.The calculation formula agrees with the experimental data.     

Application of SDL in the Digital System Design

As a standardized formal language, the SDL has widely been used in the software development. In order to extend its application field, it has been explored to use in hardware design.This paper gives a logical gate circuit-and gate as an example to explain the method of applying SDL to describe and simulate/validate the hardware characters by the SDT tool. The various logic circuits or digital circuits may be made to the SDL packages because the SDL supports the object oriented technology. These packages can be directly invoked in the design of the complex digital system, so it is possible to describe and simulate/validate the complex digital system.The experiment has proved that the application of SDL for hardware design is feasible and rather convenient.     

Effect of Reinforced-Concrete Deterioration on Structures

s:It is proposed that the research of the structural durability is necessary considering the structural damages under the effect of deterioration of reinforced concrete. The most common reasons, which cause the deterioration of structures in China, are reinforcement corrosion and freeze thaw cycles of concrete. Based on the summarizing of research works of the effect of reinforced concrete deterioration on structures, it is indicated that the structural durability research should be carried out either in view of material science or that of structural science, and should be also considered the interaction of several factors with uncertain nature instead of the determined individual factor analysis. The structural durability of serviceable should be paid much more attention while researching the durability of structural capacity. The effect of reinforced concrete deterioration on structural capacity, rigidity and durability should be researched henceforth.     

Optimization of Vehicle Frontal Wheel Orientation Parameters

Based on the theory of multi body dynamic, the paper established the front suspension model of vehicle. The uniform optimization object function, including the tolerance of front wheel orientation angles' practical value and set value under full load, and the changing value of each parameter during wheel fluctuating is put forward. Utilizing this model, the original suspension is optimized and the variation of each parameter with front wheel fluctuation is calculated. The optimized driving operation performance resulted from the analysis and application.