生防绿色木霉M1M2的生物学特性及抑菌研究

为进一步开发利用生防绿色木霉菌M1M2,研究了木霉菌菌株M1M2的最适培养基、温度、光照、pH及其分生孢子的致死温度,并采用平皿对峙培养法测定了其对6种病原菌的抑菌率。结果表明:M1M2最适培养基为糖浆培养基,最适生长和产孢条件为温度25~30℃,pH 5,24h全光照,其分生孢子致死温度为52℃;对向日葵黄萎病菌、马铃薯立枯丝核病菌、番茄灰霉病菌和大豆菌核病菌的抑菌率为100%。     

Impact of Long-Term Atrazine Use on Groundwater Safety in Jilin Province,China

The long-lasting application of representative herbicide atrazine (ATR) has given rise to the accumulation of its residues in the groundwater. To investigate the impact of long-term ATR use on groundwater safety, the residues of ATR and its metabolites, desethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropylatrazine (DIA) and hydroxyatrazine (HA) were monitored in groundwater and top soil at the major corn growing region of Qian’an and Gongzhuling in Jilin Province, China. The residues of the target compounds were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS. The limits of detection (LODs) of ATR, DEA, DIA, and HA were 0.5, 0.5, 5, and 0.5 ng L-1 in groundwater and 0.33, 0.33, 3.3, and 0.33 μg kg-1 in soil. The target compounds were found in 94% of groundwater samples and 100% of soil samples. The compounds detected most frequently in groundwater were ATR (89%), DEA (64%) and HA (17%), whereas in soil were ATR (97%), DEA (36%) and HA (97%). DIA was not detected in any determined groundwater and soil sample. Average residues were 106.8 ng L-1 for ATR, 0.9 ng L-1 for DEA and 0.3 ng L-1 for HA in groundwater, whereas 11.1 μg kg-1 for ATR, 0.4 μg kg-1 for DEA and 7.8 μg kg-1 for HA in soil. ATR residues detected in groundwater samples were below standards for drinking water quality (GB5749-2006, 2 μg L-1), while the total residues of ATR and its chloro-s-triazine metabolites (DEA and DIA) were below current WHO (World Health Organization) guideline value (GV, 0.1 mg L-1). In addition, concentrations of HA in groundwater were determined below current WHO GV (0.2 mg L-1). The results indicated that ATR is safe to be used in Jilin Province under the current application scheme. However, total residues of ATR and DEA were detected in nearly all wells, thus, it is necessary to pay attention on groundwater monitoring for ATR and its metabolites.     

乳酸菌对肠道黏膜免疫影响的研究进展

乳酸菌是人和动物体内最常见的原籍2群,其参与维系肠道内2群平衡,通过产生有机酸、细菌素等抗2物质抑制肠道内有害菌的生长.肠道上皮细胞可免疫识别定植在肠道内的乳酸菌及其片段,从而调节肠道黏膜免疫系统,促进淋巴细胞分化、提高sIgA的分泌、调节细胞因子的产生等,对动物机体的固有免疫和获得性免疫具有重要的影响.文章结合国内外研究结果,提出了乳酸2影响肠道免疫的4大前提条件,并从5个方面阐述了乳酸2对肠道黏膜免疫的影响.     

杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县沙化草地封沙禁牧效果研究

通过对嫩江沙地具有代表意义的退化草地封育后植物群落的调查,研究了封育禁牧后沙地植被生长发育规律和演替趋势。结果表明:与自由放牧相比,封沙禁牧分别使半固定和固定沙质草地植被盖度提高25和27个百分点,产草量(干草)分别提高27.09%~41.09%,优质牧草比例分别提高23.51和46.27个百分点。     

植物人工种子的研究进展

文章简述了植物人工种子具有生产不受环境影响、节约良田、提高育种效率、缩短育种时间、节约劳动力等优点,介绍了人工种子制作过程中的胚状体的诱导和形成,人工胚乳、人工种皮等的工艺流程。     

几个沙棘品种抗逆性试验研究

根据寒温带半干旱地区的自然条件,选择耐盐碱性、耐寒性、耐水湿三项指标在温室盆钵内对HF-14、HF-4两个沙棘优良无性系及对照品种(楚伊)进行人工模拟抗逆性测定。其结果为:3个无性系对盐碱的耐受性均较强并无明显差别,可在中度以下盐碱地上栽培;3个无性系具有一定的耐旱能力,但在长期持续干旱条件下,生长量明显下降,生长势衰弱,增加感病机会,应给予灌溉,3个无性系的耐旱次序为HF-4>HF-14>楚伊;3个无性系对水湿条件的耐受力基本相同,在长期积水的条件下,根系不发育,生长受到抑制,栽植沙棘不应选择低洼内涝,排水不良的地块。     

Effective alleviation of Cd stress to microbial communities in mining reclamation soils by thiourea-modified biochar amendment

Reclaimed soils in mining area usually display low fertility and present Cd stress. The amendment of modified biochar effectively fixes Cd in soils,enhances soil fertility, and reduces Cd stress in soil microorganisms. However, the effect of thiourea-modified biochar(TBC) on microbial adaptability to Cd stress in mining reclamation soils is still unclear. The present work studied the Cd immobilization and microbial community changes in a mining reclamation soil displaying extreme Cd contaminatio...     

轮状病毒感染肠上皮细胞激活宿主先天免疫研究进展

轮状病毒(RV)是引起婴幼儿、幼畜禽急性肠胃炎的人畜共患病原,常与其他病原体混合感染,多以呕吐,严重水样腹泻,脱水为临床症状,感染后具有较高病死率,对人类公共卫生以及养殖业造成极大危害.RV病原相关分子模式(PAMP)可被肠上皮细胞(IECs)中一组可遗传的模式识别受体(PRR)识别,通过IECs、先天免疫细胞与RV互...     

贯彻落实科学发展观 加强生态文明建设

建设生态文明重要思想的提出,是我国继物质文明、精神文明、政治文明之后的又一现代化建设重大战略部署,构成中国特色社会主义理论的重要内容。贯彻落实科学发展观,加强生态文明建设研究具有重要的现实意义。