Construction of cDNA Library from Populus euphratica

1 Introduction Populus euphratica is a salt tolerant tree species, which is mainly distributed in the desert regions in northwest China (Wei 1993). Moreover, it is the only large tree species, which can survive and develop into forest in these arid and saline-alkali areas. P. euphratica forest plays a very important role in restraining the expansion of desert, maintaining ecological environment in west China, protecting the biological diversity and raising the local people抯 living standard…     

Ultrastructural and Extracellular Protein Changes in Cell Suspension Cultures of Populus euphratica Associated with Low Temperature-induced Cold Acclimation

Populus euphratica Olive is the only tree species that can grow in the saline land and also survive cold winters in northwest China, and it plays a very important role in stabilizing the vulnerable ecosystem there. A cell suspension culture was initiated from callus derived from plantlets of Populus euphratica. Cold acclimation was induced (LT50 of-17.5 ℃) in cell suspension at 4-5 ℃ in the dark for 30 days and the freezing tolerance increased from LT50 of-12.5 ℃ in nonacclimated cells to LT50 of-17.5 ℃ in cold-acclimated cells. Microvacuolation, cytoplasmic augmentation and accumulation of starch granules were observed in cells that were cold-acclimated by exposure to low temperatures. Several qualitative and quantitative changes in proteins were noted during cold acclimation. Antibodies to carrot extracellular (apoplastic) 36 kD antifreeze protein did not cross react on immunoelectroblots with extracellular proteins in cell suspension culture medium of Populus euphratica, indicating no common epitopes in the carrot 36 kD antifreeze protein and P euphratica extracellular proteins. The relationship of these changes to cold acclimation in Populus euphratica cell cultures was discussed.     

棕背平数量预测方法的研究

针对棕背平数量的研究方法和预测方法进行了论述。     

Analysis on Schistosomiasis Occurrence And Preventive Measures in Three Gorges Reservoir

Recently, due to more flooding, schistosomiasis is in expanding tendency in some areas. With Three Gorges Engineering progress, schistosomiasis will occurr potentially in Three Gorges reservoir. In order to control the disease, some methods must be applied, e.g. chemicals, biological measures. To some extent every way has its specific effect. However, the vital way is improving the environment and reducing the amount of snails. One of the effective ways is conducting forestry ecological engineering that focuses on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The practical ways cover such as pollution controlling, ditches surface hardening. Especially for water-level-fluctuation zone, conducting forestry ecological engineering to improve environment to prevent snails＇ propagation is significant and vital. By operating the project environment could be greatly improved and people＇s living conditions would be bettered.     

加环引物LAMP法快速检测布鲁氏杆菌方法的研究

研究以布鲁氏杆菌保守的OMP25蛋白基因为靶基因,设计了6条LAMP特异性引物,同时探讨了加环引物对LAMP的影响,通过优化LAMP体系的反应条件,建立了一套快速检测布鲁氏杆菌的新方法。LAMP扩增产物可通过凝胶电泳和荧光显色进行判定。该研究比较了LAMP法和加环引物LAMP法的灵敏度,并检测了其引物特异性。试验结果显示,普通LAMP法的灵敏度为20CFU/mL,加环引物的LAMP法的灵敏度为2.0CFU/mL。通过两种方法的比较可知:LAMP法可以快速、直观、准确地检测布鲁氏杆菌,加环引物可进一步提高LAMP的扩增效率,是一种在基层现场有广泛应用前景的检测方法。     

中国板栗36个叶片表型性状的多样性

【目的】揭示中国板栗（Castanea mollissima Bl.）叶片表型性状的变异规律及多样性特征,为中国板栗资源的保护、开发和科学利用提供依据。【方法】对中国10个省份（群体）240份资源的36个叶片表型性状（31个数量性状和5个质量性状）进行检测,运用方差分析、多重比较、相关分析和聚类分析等方法,探讨板栗叶片表型多样性水平及其与原产地的地理、环境因子关系。【结果】巢式方差分析表明,31个数量性状在群体内存在极显著差异（P<0.01）,同时叶片长、叶片宽、叶片长/宽、锯齿高度等15个数量性状及3个质量性状（叶片形状、叶基形状和叶缘锯齿特征）在群体间存在显著或极显著差异（P<0.05或P<0.01）,说明板栗叶片表型在群体内和群体间均存在丰富变异。群体间叶片表型分化系数V_ST为7.95%,远小于群体内的92.05%,说明叶片表型变异主要来源于群体内部。板栗叶片表型的平均变异系数（CV）和平均多样性指数（H′）分别为18.05%和1.27,5个质量性状中以叶片形状的CV和H′最高（35.67%,0.86）,叶缘特征最低（5.60%,0.07）;31个数量性状的CV在8.68%（叶片长/宽）—32.73%（锯齿深度）,H′在1.54（叶背茸毛密度）—2.09（叶片结构疏松度）。叶片外观形态、生理指标和解剖性状的平均H′分别为2.03、2.04和2.04,CV由高到低分别为15.27%（外观形态）>15.18%（生理指标）>12.17%（解剖结构）。10个群体表型性状CV均值在17.11%（陕西）—19.66%（山东）,H′均值在0.99（安徽）—1.80（河北）。板栗叶片大多表型性状与地理气候因子之间存在显著或极显著相关,其中年均气温等温度指标和年降水量与叶基形状、锯齿高度等性状呈负相关（经度和纬度与之呈正相关）,与叶片长/宽呈正相关（经度和纬度与之呈负相关）。【结论】板栗叶片表型在群体间和群体内均存在丰富变异,但变异主要来源于群体内（个体基因型间的变异）,因而以叶片表型性状作为研究对象,进行抗逆性、高光合效率等特异品种选育或相关研究时,研究重点应该放到广泛的个体基因型调查上,变异较为丰富均匀的群体可作为重点参考。板栗叶片大多外观形态和生理指标性状呈现以温度和降雨量因子为主导的梯度规律性。     

农林（草）复合种植阻控坡地水土流失研究进展

农林草复合种植系统对生态环境修复以及农林业的可持续发展具有重要意义,农林间作是现代农林复合系统研究的核心内容之一,林草复合系统属于农林复合系统的一大类。该文在明确农林草复合种植系统的概念与内涵的基础上,重点分析了农林草复合生态系统在阻控坡地水土流失方面的研究成果及对土壤理化性质的影响,提出应把农林草复合种植系统做为一个多层次的整体,综合考量其各层次的耦合机制及防蚀效应。     

板栗叶片颜色最佳色差仪参数确定

为了确定利用色差仪观测板栗叶片颜色的最佳参数,实现板栗叶片正面颜色观测结果数据化,以来自10个省(市)的240份板栗资源的成熟叶片为试材,利用色差仪测定叶片正面的明度值(L*)、红度值(a*)、黄度值(b*)、色差值(Eab*)、色度值(c*)和色调角(h*),比较了6个颜色参数在板栗品种内和品种间的变异情况.结果表明:L*和a*在板栗品种内的一致性符合率均达到95％以上,且品种间的变异系数均为10％以上;b*和c*在板栗品种内的一致性符合率较低,分别为62.08％和67.50％;Eab*和h*在板栗品种间的变异系数较低,均<3.5.因此,确定L*和a*分别作为表示板栗叶片明暗程度和绿色程度的最佳颜色参数,而b*、c*、Eab*和h*均不宜作为表示板栗叶片颜色的最佳参数.     

探讨玉米苗期的管理方法

<正>玉米苗期主要是长根、增叶、茎叶分化,是决定叶数和节数的时期。苗期管理的主攻目标是苗全、苗齐、苗壮,假茎扁平,植株矮状,叶色浓绿,根系发育良好。夏玉米苗期早熟品种20天左右,中熟品种25天左右,晚熟品种30天左右。苗期管理的主攻目标是促根壮苗,争取苗全、苗齐、苗壮,为高产打下基础。管理措施如下。一、查苗、补苗玉米出苗后,应立即进行查苗、补苗。在玉米三叶期以前,发现连续缺苗3株(穴)以上,应及时进行补苗,可采取     

北京地区节水型屋顶绿化植物配置及养护

节水型屋顶绿化是北京地区增加城市绿化面积,改善城市生态环境的重要手段。本文通过查阅文献、实地调查和总结分析,从植物生长的条件和配置原则出发,归纳了北京地区屋顶绿化常用的植物材料,提出适合北京地区节水型屋顶绿化的植物选择原则,并根据这些原则,提出了推荐北京地区节水型屋顶绿化使用的乔木植物油松(Pinustabulaeformis)等15种、灌木植物大叶黄杨(Buxusmegistophylla)等27种、地被植物景天类(Sedum spectabilis)等13种,推荐了喷灌、滴灌和渗灌等3种可用于屋顶绿化的节水灌溉技术,并简要介绍了屋顶绿化的修剪要求,为北京地区节水型屋顶绿化的推广提供了理论依据和技术支持。