咖啡园的混作

<正> 混作的表述很多,如多样化栽培、群作、间作或多层栽培,就是意味着在同一块土地栽培两种和两种以上的一年生作物。从技术上讲,多样化栽培表明与原来种植一种作物的方法不同,而要使其多样化。群作是把两种或两种以上的多年生作物同时种植在同一环境里。间作是在长期作物中间栽培一些短期作物。而多层次栽培,就是在同一土地上栽培不同的作物,以最好地利用土地,获得最好的经济产品。总之,所有上述的耕作方法,都是为了利用好现有的土地和资源,使种植者获得最好的经济收益。     

组织培养与森林生产力

组织培养繁殖林木技术的出现对未来的林业具有深远影响。为了用试管和温室生产小苗,对这种技术的发展和改进正在进行大量的研究。为数众多的报告阐述了组织培养技术以及如何把这种技术应用在林业上(摩特1981年),但很少考虑这种技术对当前和未来的森林经营所产生的作用。     

几种可供庭院绿化用的猕猴桃属植物

猕猴桃属原产东亚,总共约有40种落叶、耐寒的缠绕攀缘植物,其一些种的叶、花或果实可供利用。中华猕猴桃(Actinidiachinensis)是少有的几种仅因其果实有商品价值而栽培的攀缘植物之一。叶呈披针或卵圆形,叶缘具锯齿。夏天从叶腋处长出小簇5花瓣的碗状花。有些种是雌雄异株,亦即:在不同的植株中各自生长着雄花或雌     

美国松材线虫的研究

<正> 从1979年2月以来,美国线虫学家在枯死的松树木材里发现了一种线虫(Bursaphelen-chus sp),这种线虫使人联想到在日本广为传播和危害的松材线虫病。在密苏里大学的校园里首次发现这种线虫,经提取鉴定和野外调查,证明这种线虫分布于32个州,寄生于20种松树。目前,这种线虫在美国不象在日本那样严重,因为还没发现它危害本地松和在日本的     

用呋喃丹防治南方地区种子园蝽蟓的试验

材料和方法试验小区设置在最初被挑选作为地区性定位基础,并且有历史性种实害虫问题的种子园内。因为树木的种类、龄期、无性系和平均高、直径及管理方法上均不同,所以所有种子园都作为一个独立的试验单位。1974年的试验:试验设置在6个火炬     

Current Research and Development on Deformation and Fixation of Bended Wood and Wood-based Composites

There are many advantages of bended wood,such as good-looking shape,simple process and low cost.The product,however,is easy to get recovery,which is urgent to be dealt with.This paper concludes the features of deformation and recovery of bended wood and wood-based composites and summarizes four treating methods to keep dimensional stability.Compared to bended solid wood,some elementary perspectives on the research of bended wood-based composites are presented.The purpose of this paper is to suggest:1)to investigate the optimum heating time and temperature that bended wood and wood-based composites need from the formation of deformation to the recovery and to the permanent fixation,according to its changes of dimensional stability such as curvature radius;2)to measure the composites comprised of wood and adhesives on the changes of stress relaxation,dynamic viscoelasticity and crystal1ization field;3)to quantitatively analyze changes of the major components in wood cell wall polymers as well as the composites under heat/steam treatment and untreated conditions.It will be helpful for subsequent research to clarify on the mechanisms of permanent fixation of bended wood and also contribute to that of wood-based composites.     

Crystallity Change of Compressed Poplar Wood Treated by PF Resin

INTRODUCTIONWith the implementing of the Natural ForestryProtection policies in China, the plantation forestry willplay a much larger part in meeting the demand for wood.But the plantation wood, especially Poplar and Fir, havecommon properties of soft structure, low density andpoor processing. Generally speaking, these propertiescan be evidently improved by compressing. MasafumiInoue et al. (1991a, 1991b, 1990) had studied thesurface compression of coniferous wood. Their studiesshowed …     

Post-fire habitat restoration of sables during winter season in northern slope of the Great Xing＇an Mountains

Habitat loss and fragmentation have been associated with the decline of endangered species. In 1987, a catastrophic fire in the northern Great Hing＇an Mountains of China, where the main habitat of sables （Martes zibellina） is located, aggravated the loss and fragmentation of the forest landscape. Due to restricted distribution and low population density, sables were listed in the national first-grade protected species in China. The objective of this paper was to identify to what extent the habitat of sables had been restored 13 years after the fire. Based on the behavioral data, which came from field survey information by radio-tracking, GPS （Global Positioning System） and forest inventory data, suitability habitat maps were derived using the Ecological Niche Suitability Model （ENSM）. In addition, the habitat structure was analyzed with selected landscape indices. Although forest cover mostly had been restored by 2000, the results indicated that, compared to the pre-fire situation, the areas of suitable habitat had been reduced significantly, especially those of less suitable, marginally suitable and moderately suitable designation. Fragmentation was aggravated, and suitable patches were found to be further isolated with the exception of those in most suitable areas. The ratio of the patch perimeter to area in unsuitable, moderately suitable and suitable areas decreased, while the ratios within other suitability types increased. Moreover, the percentage of soft boundaries decreased slightly, which can influence the redistribution of sables. The results above indicated that the suitable habitat had deteriorated, and the restoration of the sables＇ habitat remained to be done.     

Field test of new poplar clone in Shangdong Province

Poplar is one of the dominant tree species for the establishment of fast growing plantations in Shandong Province.Eighteen poplar clones belonging to Populus aigeiros section were introduced from Italy, Turkey and domestic regions. Populus deltoides cv. ‘Lux‘ 1-69/55 (1-69), which was widely used in Shandong Province, China, was taken as control clone (1-69).Following a randomized complete block design, seedling test and controlled afforestation trials were carried out at Juxian County,Caoxian County and Laiyang City. The results showed that the poplar clone (Populus x euramericana cv. ‘102/74‘), namely 102/74, performed well both in terms of adaptability and growth rate. The mean height of 13.9 m (H), diameter at breast height of 18.0 cm (DBH) and volume growth of 0.1445 m3 (V) were 2.2 %, 21.6% and 52.9% higher than those of 1-69 (CK), respectively,at the age of 5 years at three experimental sites. Moreover, the clone can be propagated easily and showed high resistance to poplar disease, pest as well as salinity and had longer growing period. Furthermore, wood basic density and fiber length of new poplar clone (102/74) were as same as 1-69 (CK). It was concluded that the selected clone (102/74) was ideal for the estab-lishment of fast-growing poplar plantations, especially for the pulpwood plantations in Shandong Province.     

Carbon stock and rate of carbon sequestration in Dipterocarpus forests of Manipur,Northeast India

We examined the carbon stock and rate of carbon sequestration in a tropical deciduous forest dominated by Dipterocarpus tuberculatus in Manipur,North East India.Estimation of aboveground biomass was determined by harvest method and multiplied with density of tree species.The aboveground biomass was between18.27–21.922 t ha-1and the carbon stock ranged from9.13 to 10.96 t C ha-1across forest stands.Aboveground biomass and carbon stock increased with the increase in tree girth.The rate of carbon sequestration varied from1.4722 to 4.64136 t ha-1year-1among the dominant tree species in forest stands in tropical deciduous forest area.The rate of carbon sequestration depends on species composition,the density of large trees in different girth classes,and anthropogenic disturbances in the present forest ecosystem.Further work is required to identify tree species having the highest potential to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere,which could lead to recommendations for tree plantations in a degraded ecosystem.