2种杀菌剂对巴旦杏白粉病的防治试验

白粉病是果树常见的病害之一,2008年4～10月在塔里木大学植物科学学院园艺试验站对巴旦杏白粉病进行试验,试验面积分9个小区,用不同浓度的2种杀菌剂,2次重复,试验结果表明：70％甲基托布津600倍液和70％多硫可湿性粉剂1200倍液的防治效果最好。在巴旦杏生产中,5月下句开始膈10d用70％甲基托布津600倍液或70％多硫可湿性粉剂1200倍液,可有效防治巴旦杏白粉病。     

克氏原螯虾的生态养殖②克氏原螯虾的人工繁殖与育苗

由于克氏原螯虾特殊的繁殖习性,养殖者只要在宜养水体中投放少量的克氏原螯虾,第2年或第3年就可以有一定的产量.     

脲酶抑制剂与硝化抑制剂对稻田土壤氮素转化的影响

【目的】本研究旨在阐明脲酶抑制剂(urease inhibitor,UI)和硝化抑制剂(nitrification inhibitor,NI)对稻田土壤氮素转化的影响,探讨抑制剂提高稻谷产量以及氮肥利用率的机理。【方法】本试验设在我国南方红壤稻田,共5个处理:1)不施氮肥(CK);2)尿素(U);3)尿素+脲酶抑制剂(U+UI);4)尿素+硝化抑制剂(U+NI);5)尿素+脲酶抑制剂+硝化抑制剂(U+UI+NI);脲酶抑制剂采用N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT),硝化抑制剂采用3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)。在水稻分蘖期和孕穗期测定土壤脲酶活性、硝酸还原酶活性、土壤铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量以及微生物碳、氮的含量,分析NBPT与DMPP对水稻两个主要生育期土壤氮素供应的影响,比较各处理的产量以及氮肥利用率,通过逐步回归分析研究以上各指标对产量的影响,探明脲酶抑制剂NBPT与硝化抑制剂DMPP在稻田的增效机理。【结果】1)与单施尿素相比,添加NBPT以及NBPT与DMPP配施均显著提高稻谷产量与地上部氮素回收率,两个处理分别增产6.56%与8.24%,氮素回收率提高幅度为19.4%与23.7%。2)与单施尿素相比,添加NBPT以及NBPT与DMPP配施,显著降低水稻分蘖期的土壤脲酶活性和铵态氮含量,显著提高孕穗期的铵态氮含量,而对此时期的脲酶活性无显著影响,所有处理对两个时期的硝态氮含量、硝酸还原酶活性、微生物量碳、氮含量均无显著影响;因此,NBPT对于抑制脲酶活性以及提高铵态氮含量的作用主要在孕穗期之前,而单施DMPP没有显著效应。3)从各项土壤指标与水稻产量相关性的逐步回归分析结果来看,水稻分蘖期与孕穗期稻田土壤中铵态氮含量对水稻产量影响显著,而且孕穗期的影响大于分蘖期,其余指标则对产量无显著影响。【结论】脲酶抑制剂NBPT以及NBPT与硝化抑制剂DMPP配施显著提高孕穗期土壤中的铵态氮含量,显著提高稻谷产量以及地上部氮素回收率,证明了生产上氮肥后移的重要意义。     

家庭式微植物工厂监控系统设计

为了解决家庭阳台种植作物过程中湿气重、难控制的问题,提出了家庭式微植物工厂。它是密闭式的,利用智能化控制技术使作物进行自我调节,采用层结构设计及配套环境监测装置。监测系统是以无线传感技术、控制技术和多传感器融合技术为核心;以STM32为核心控制单元;以上位机为终端实时显示系统内环境参数的家庭种植环境监控设备。系统实现了微型植物工厂内部温湿度、光照等多个环境因子的实时显示和精确控制,具有较高的实用性。      

高滑转率下车辆动力传动系的失稳与稳定性判据

建立了车辆动力传动系的力学模型,并用平均法对该力学模型进行了分析,得知：动力传动系在高滑转率下常失稳,从则在传动系中产生自激振动,对车辆产生了不利影响,给了传动系的稳定性判别式,讨论了影响传动系稳定性的因素,为研究抑制自激振动的措施提供了理论依据。     

皇帝蕉组织培养快速繁殖技术研究

本研究以皇帝蕉地下球茎为材料,利用75%酒精30 s + 0.1%升汞10 min消毒,经初代培养后,转接在MS + BA2.5 mg/L + IAA0.1 mg/L增殖效果最佳;组培苗的生根实验发现1/2MS + IAA0.4 mg/L较好,生根率为94%。皇帝蕉幼苗在三种土壤基制均能生长,且成活率在97%以上。这为健康无病毒的皇帝蕉种苗的生产和基因工程育种奠定了基础。     

Changes of the liver metabolome following an intravenous lipopolysaccharide injection in Holstein cows supplemented with dietary carnitineOA

Background: Carnitine facilitates the flux of long-chain fatty acids for hepatic mitochondrial beta-oxidation, which acts to ameliorate the negative energy balance commonly affecting high-yielding dairy cows. Inflammation triggered by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) load can however pose a challenge to the metabolic integrity via the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, leading to immune system activation and respective metabolic alterations. The effect of enhanced carnitine availability on hepatic...     

Supplementing the early diet of broilers with soy protein concentrate can improve intestinal development and enhance short-chain fatty acid-producing microbes and short-chain fatty acids,especially butyric acidOA

Background: Research on nutrition in early-life commonly focuses on the maturation of the intestine because the intestinal system is crucial for ensuring continued growth. To explore the importance of early nutrition regulation in animals, soy protein concentrate(SPC) was added to the early diet of broilers to investigate its effects on amino acid digestibility, intestinal development, especially intestinal microorganisms, and broiler metabolites. A total of 192 oneday-old Arbor Acres(AA) male b...     

The effect of ensiled paulownia leaves in a high-forage diet on ruminal fermentation,methane production,fatty acid composition,and milk production performance of dairy cowsOA

Background: The use of industrial by-products rich in bioactive compounds as animal feeds can reduce greenhouse gas production. Paulownia leaves silage(PLS) was supplemented to dairy cows’ diet and evaluated in vitro(Exp. 1; Rusitec) and in vivo(Exp. 2, cannulated lactating dairy cows and Exp. 3, non-cannulated lactating dairy cows). The study investigated the PLS effect on ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, methane production and concentration, dry matter intake(DMI), and fatty acid(F...     

Introgression of sharp eyespot resistance from Dasypyrum villosum chromosome 2VL into bread wheat

Wheat sharp eyespot, a stem disease caused by the soilborne fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven,has become a threat to wheat production worldwide. Exploiting resistance resources from wild relatives of wheat is a promising strategy for controlling this disease. In this study, a new wheat–Dasypyrum villosum T2DS·2V#4L translocation line in the background of Chinese Spring(CS) showed stable resistance to R. cerealis. Introgression of the T2DS·2V#4L chromosome into wheat cultivar Aikang 58 b...