Crystallity Change of Compressed Poplar Wood Treated by PF Resin

INTRODUCTIONWith the implementing of the Natural ForestryProtection policies in China, the plantation forestry willplay a much larger part in meeting the demand for wood.But the plantation wood, especially Poplar and Fir, havecommon properties of soft structure, low density andpoor processing. Generally speaking, these propertiescan be evidently improved by compressing. MasafumiInoue et al. (1991a, 1991b, 1990) had studied thesurface compression of coniferous wood. Their studiesshowed …     

Post-fire habitat restoration of sables during winter season in northern slope of the Great Xing＇an Mountains

Habitat loss and fragmentation have been associated with the decline of endangered species. In 1987, a catastrophic fire in the northern Great Hing＇an Mountains of China, where the main habitat of sables （Martes zibellina） is located, aggravated the loss and fragmentation of the forest landscape. Due to restricted distribution and low population density, sables were listed in the national first-grade protected species in China. The objective of this paper was to identify to what extent the habitat of sables had been restored 13 years after the fire. Based on the behavioral data, which came from field survey information by radio-tracking, GPS （Global Positioning System） and forest inventory data, suitability habitat maps were derived using the Ecological Niche Suitability Model （ENSM）. In addition, the habitat structure was analyzed with selected landscape indices. Although forest cover mostly had been restored by 2000, the results indicated that, compared to the pre-fire situation, the areas of suitable habitat had been reduced significantly, especially those of less suitable, marginally suitable and moderately suitable designation. Fragmentation was aggravated, and suitable patches were found to be further isolated with the exception of those in most suitable areas. The ratio of the patch perimeter to area in unsuitable, moderately suitable and suitable areas decreased, while the ratios within other suitability types increased. Moreover, the percentage of soft boundaries decreased slightly, which can influence the redistribution of sables. The results above indicated that the suitable habitat had deteriorated, and the restoration of the sables＇ habitat remained to be done.     

Field test of new poplar clone in Shangdong Province

Poplar is one of the dominant tree species for the establishment of fast growing plantations in Shandong Province.Eighteen poplar clones belonging to Populus aigeiros section were introduced from Italy, Turkey and domestic regions. Populus deltoides cv. ‘Lux‘ 1-69/55 (1-69), which was widely used in Shandong Province, China, was taken as control clone (1-69).Following a randomized complete block design, seedling test and controlled afforestation trials were carried out at Juxian County,Caoxian County and Laiyang City. The results showed that the poplar clone (Populus x euramericana cv. ‘102/74‘), namely 102/74, performed well both in terms of adaptability and growth rate. The mean height of 13.9 m (H), diameter at breast height of 18.0 cm (DBH) and volume growth of 0.1445 m3 (V) were 2.2 %, 21.6% and 52.9% higher than those of 1-69 (CK), respectively,at the age of 5 years at three experimental sites. Moreover, the clone can be propagated easily and showed high resistance to poplar disease, pest as well as salinity and had longer growing period. Furthermore, wood basic density and fiber length of new poplar clone (102/74) were as same as 1-69 (CK). It was concluded that the selected clone (102/74) was ideal for the estab-lishment of fast-growing poplar plantations, especially for the pulpwood plantations in Shandong Province.     

Carbon stock and rate of carbon sequestration in Dipterocarpus forests of Manipur,Northeast India

We examined the carbon stock and rate of carbon sequestration in a tropical deciduous forest dominated by Dipterocarpus tuberculatus in Manipur,North East India.Estimation of aboveground biomass was determined by harvest method and multiplied with density of tree species.The aboveground biomass was between18.27–21.922 t ha-1and the carbon stock ranged from9.13 to 10.96 t C ha-1across forest stands.Aboveground biomass and carbon stock increased with the increase in tree girth.The rate of carbon sequestration varied from1.4722 to 4.64136 t ha-1year-1among the dominant tree species in forest stands in tropical deciduous forest area.The rate of carbon sequestration depends on species composition,the density of large trees in different girth classes,and anthropogenic disturbances in the present forest ecosystem.Further work is required to identify tree species having the highest potential to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere,which could lead to recommendations for tree plantations in a degraded ecosystem.     

库尔勒市个体养驴户驴乳常规成分检测与效益分析

<正>1乳驴养殖方式在2013年10月18日~20日和11月8日~10日,到库尔勒市英下乡英下村2组的乳驴养殖户养殖的6头产乳驴和库尔勒市恰尔巴克乡哈尔东村3组所养殖的4头产乳驴的乳进行了抽样检测。2013年1月开始,英下村二组养殖户为全舍饲养殖泌乳驴22头,其中目前挤乳带驹的母驴6头。哈尔东村3组养殖户的养殖方式也是全舍饲,4头带驹的母驴都产乳驴,挤乳供给城市需要驴乳的市民。两家养殖的产乳驴全舍饲养殖,每头母驴饲喂混合精料3     

体重决定猪回肠内的蛋白吸收率

<正>近期伊利诺伊大学的J.A.Almeida博士、 Hans H.Stein博士以及Carsten Pedersen博士联手展开体重对于标准化回肠蛋白质和氨基酸吸收率的影响试验,结论证明,20 kg以下的仔猪回肠对于粗蛋白和氨基酸的吸收率比20~50 kg的育成猪和50~110 kg的育肥猪低。而且同一猪群的不同猪只也表现出吸收率的差异性。例如,在测定的300只仔猪中粗蛋白和氨基酸的吸收率     

白柿在广东地区的引种表现及栽培技术

【目的】研究小生境下园林绿化植物叶际细菌群落结构及其多样性,了解小生境下相似环境条件 与植物自身特性对微生物群落的影响,为园林植物的健康管理及叶际细菌资源的挖掘提供参考。【方法】应用 高通量测序技术,探究大理大学校园 50 m 半径圆内朝向东边的 3 种主要园林植物 （枇杷树 Eriobotyra japonica、 广玉兰 Magnolia grandifl ora 和大青树 Ficus altissima）的叶际细菌群落结构及其多样性。【结果】 3 种园林植 物的叶际细菌多样性从高到低依次为枇杷树、广玉兰和大青树;不同植物的叶际细菌优势门类均为变形菌门 （Proteobacteria）,第一优势细菌属不同,但排名前五的细菌属均为鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）、甲基杆 菌属（Methylobacterium）、螺状菌属（Spirosoma）、薄层菌属（Hymenobacter）和无色菌属（Achromobacter）。 3 种植物的叶际细菌群落结构存在较大差异,但同一植物不同大小叶片间的细菌群落相似,其中,仅在枇杷树和 广玉兰叶片上分布的细菌群落门和属最多,表明常绿阔叶植物的叶际细菌群落相较于落叶阔叶植物更多样、复杂。 【结论】不同园林植物的叶际细菌群落组成和多样性存在较大差异, 植物自身特性是造成这种差异的首要原因, 植物叶际细菌 资源的挖掘有待加强。     

滴灌频次对高密栽培春玉米干物质积累、穗部性状、产量的影响

【目的】研究高密栽培模式下不同灌溉频次对玉米干物质积累、穗部性状、产量的影响,确定适宜灌溉频次,为新疆天山北坡中部绿洲地区玉米高密栽培合理用水提供科学依据。【方法】在玉米一定灌水定额基础上,设置7次,8次,9次和10次4个灌溉频次,并根据玉米生育期进行灌水模式的调整,共设置8个处理,利用方差分析、相关分析、多元回归分析研究高密栽培玉米干物质积累、穗部性状、产量对不同灌溉频次的响应。【结果】相比7次灌水,灌水频次增加,显著提高干物质积累总量。灌水频次对花前花后干物质分配比的影响规律性不明显。不同灌频显著影响单穗穗粒数、千粒重和产量,7次灌频穗粒数、千粒重和产量最低。相对7次灌频,加大灌水次数显著提升单穗穗长、穗粗、行粒数、穗重和穗粒重,显著降低了秃尖长度。回归分析结果表明,不同灌频处理下,玉米单穗产量主要受穗粒数和千粒重制约。【结论】在该试验区一定灌量6750m³/hm²和每月灌水比例相同基础上,灌水次数7次产量最低,其它处理亩产均大于1000Kg,产量主要受穗粒数、千粒重制约,此研究可作为该区域玉米高密栽培合理灌频制定的依据。     

氨解法除去芥菜型油菜中的有毒组分

在大量生产低芥酸油菜品种的同时,为了满足工业上的需要,人们也注意继续生产高芥酸油菜籽,因此,在加拿大西部地区,根据合同,也种植高芥酸油菜品种。虽然褐芥或东方芥(黄籽粒,Brassica.Juncea(L.)Doss.)作为高芥酸油菜品种具有最大的潜力,但由于硫葡萄糖甙的存在而妨碍了在生产上进行大量推广,因为硫葡萄糖甙对动物有害或影响动物的食欲。最近人们又从芥菜型油菜(B.juncea)中选育出低芥酸的品种资源(Kirk,1981),     

土壤中有机肥源抗生素抗性基因环境归趋与风险管理研究进展

抗生素抗性基因——一类新型污染物,已对人类健康和环境安全构成威胁,如何有效应对日益严峻的耐药性危机已成为一项全球性挑战。有机肥源抗生素抗性基因是土壤抗生素抗性基因的主要来源,而土壤参与并主导不同环境单元中抗生素抗性基因演化的多元交互作用,因此,有必要厘清有机肥源抗生素抗性基因在土壤和其他环境介质中的命运、归趋与风险。本文综述了近年来有机肥源抗生素抗性基因在土壤中的分布特征、环境归趋、人体暴露风险以及风险管理方面的研究进展,并提出建议与展望,以期为有效减轻抗生素抗性基因在环境中的危害,遏制抗生素抗性基因的增殖与传播提供理论依据与决策参考。