红花尔基樟子松林细小可燃物载量与林分因子关系研究

主要对红花尔基樟子松林地表细小可燃物与林分因子之间的关系进行研究.红花尔基地区位于中国北方森林草原交错带,主要为樟子松绝对优势的森林及森林草原群落.在对红花尔基樟子松林的过火林分、未过火林分和森林草原交错群落细小可燃物载量大小比较的基础上,通过自由度调整复相关系数值R2以及AIC准则和Cp准则挑选最佳回归模型,建立了该地区森林可燃物载量与林分因子之间的回归模型,并对所建模型都进行了方差分析,主要得出以下结论(1)细小可燃物总载量大小顺序过火林分＞未过火林分＞森林草原交错群落;(2)死可燃物载量大小顺序过火林分＞未过火林分＞森林草原交错群落;(3)地表活可燃物(草本)载量大小顺序森林草原交错群落＞未过火林分＞过火林分;(4)通过引入林分平均林龄、平均胸径和平均树高三个林分因子建立死可燃物载量和细小可燃物总载量的多元线性模型,取得了最好的拟合效果,预测精度都分别为98.7%和98.64%,(5)通过用林分平均林龄和细小可燃物总载量建立的对数曲线模型,有一定的生物学意义,预测精度为99.45%.     

Successful medical management of lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse in a ferret

Thoracolumbar disc herniation was diagnosed in a two-year-old ferret using a myelogram followed by a computed tomography scan. The ferret was paraplegic with no control over urination and defecation. Conservative treatment that included cage rest and passive range of motion exercises for three weeks followed by extensive physiotherapy and hydrotherapy resulted in full recovery two months after the onset of treatment. Although intervertebral disc disease has been reported previously in four ferrets, this is the first report in which a postmyelogram computed tomography was used to demonstrate the herniated disc, and physiotherapy was used as principal treatment modality.     

ELISA对动物舍气载魏氏梭菌型别的研究

采用ELISA方法对从一个犊牛舍空气中分离到的魏氏梭菌进行型别的鉴定。结果显示：88％的菌种属于A型，3.4％为C型，8.6％是D型，B型未能确认。     

以超滤技术浓缩猪细小病毒含毒细胞液的试验

在研制猪细小病毒灭活疫苗时,应用了超滤浓缩技术,提高了合毒细胞培养液中的抗原含量。为了保证浓缩的流量,减少对滤膜的污染,对含毒细胞培养液作了预处理一离心及微滤,以便除去细胞培养液中的细胞碎片、蛋白质等大分子物质及固形微粒。超滤时选用50000Da滤膜,在20psig压力下,经过5倍浓缩的PPV细胞培养液,血凝滴度提高2个滴度以上。病毒含量测定表明,TCID50／0．2mL由107左右升至109以上,以其配制疫苗,能显著地提高疫苗的免疫原性。超滤技术具有易于操作、高效、分离精度高、没有二次污染等优点,可以根据需要选择不同的浓缩浓度,对保证疫苗的质量具有重要作用。     

我国青藏高原地区牦牛草地放牧系统管理及优化

基于牦牛所处地理环境,即青藏高原的特殊性,以及牦牛放牧这一生产方式在该地区第一产业中的重要地位,国内外学者从牦牛放牧系统的管理出发,对该系统中各因子之间的相互响应进行了研究,主要包括当放牧制度不同时,系统中的初级生产力和次级生产力的表现特征。从不同放牧制度中草地和家畜的特征表现,再到人为管理对这两种生产力的影响,研究者通过对比和试验进行了系统优化方法的探索。笔者通过对现阶段已有的研究成果进行整理和分析,概括在不同的放牧管理方式下草地放牧系统中的牦牛在生产力水平方面的差异,以及草地对不同放牧强度的响应,探究青藏高原地区牦牛放牧方式如何影响草畜之间的互作关系。在此基础上,分析其在实际生产活动中存在的问题,以及如何通过改进管理制度优化生产的办法,并对牦牛放牧系统发展进行了展望。     

A method for intervertebral space distraction before stabilization combined with complete ventral slot for treatment of disc-associated wobbler syndrome in dogs

Objective— To evaluate the use of a modified K-wire spacer for maintaining intervertebral distraction after ventral decompression and during stabilization as a treatment for disc-associated wobbler syndrome in large breed dogs.
Study Design— A retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=7) with disc-associated wobbler syndrome.
Methods— Medical records (2003–2006) of dogs treated by a modified surgical method were evaluated. Data retrieved were signalment, onset and duration of clinical signs, neurologic abnormalities, diagnostic methods, surgical procedure, immediate, and long-term (≥1 year) postoperative clinical and radiographic outcome.
Results— Mean duration of clinical signs was 4.8 months. Neurologic signs included ataxia (2), ambulatory tetraparesis (2), and non-ambulatory tetraparesis (3). Three dogs had disc protrusion in 2 sites, 2 dogs had the procedure in 1 location and stabilization of both affected sites. All dogs improved dramatically and remained for 1–3 years. One dog had recurrence of cervical discomfort 13 months later.
Conclusions— Despite the limited number of dogs, overall initial successful outcome with only 1 dog having mild recurrence 13 months later supports further use and evaluation of this technique.
Clinical Relevance— Distraction using a K-wire spacer after ventral decompression followed by stabilization should be considered in dogs with disc-associated wobbler syndrome to prevent collapse of the intervertebral space.     

花尾榛鸡的救助方法

花尾榛鸡是国家Ⅱ级保护动物，由于非法盗猎、天敌的侵害、严寒的影响，使花尾榛鸡受到伤害，因此需要采取多种方法进行人为救助。     

中西药抗鸡新城疫病毒的体外试验研究

应用细胞培养的方法观辑了40味中药和4种西药抗鸡新城疫病毒的体外活性。结果表明，40味中药中15味有一定的治疗效果，药物选择指数在2．29—13．3之间；18味有一定的预防效果，药物选择指数在2．21—69．4之间；4种西药中仅利巴韦林有治疗和预防效果，药物选择指数分别为433．3和343．7。     

Comparison of morphology, viability, and function between blood and milk neutrophils from peak lactating goats

The morphological features of blood and milk neutrophils from peak lactating goats were compared using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry in order to investigate the cytological changes of neutrophils after migration into the mammary gland. The kinetics of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) generation and gelatinase release of blood and milk neutrophils, with or without stimulation of phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate ester (PMA), were used to characterize their responses to inflammatory stimuli. Neutrophils isolated from goat milk were highly segmented and contained multi-lobed nuclei. Ultrastructurally, milk neutrophils were more ruffled on the surface compared to blood neutrophils. Approximately 30% of milk neutrophils were undergoing cell death, either necrosis or apoptosis, in contrast to 8% of blood neutrophils. The ROI production of activated milk neutrophils peaked earlier than blood neutrophils, but the duration and the intensity were much less. Neutrophils from both sources augmented the release of gelatinase in response to PMA (1 ng/mL). However, the amount of gelatinase released from milk neutrophils was lower (P < 0.05) than that of blood neutrophils. In summary, more neutrophils become apoptotic and necrotic in the mammary gland, presumably due to spontaneous aging, the process of diapedesis, and the interaction with milk components. Milk neutrophils have impaired functionalities in comparison with blood neutrophils. The information is relevant when studying mammary gland immunity and related diseases, such as mastitis.     

猪德尔塔冠状病毒纳米PCR检测方法的建立

根据Gen Bank登录的猪德尔塔冠状病毒(PDCo V)毒株M基因设计特异性引物,建立了PDCo V纳米PCR检测方法并进行了临床样品检测。结果显示:该方法对标准品检测的最低浓度可达102 copies/μL,与其他几种常见猪病病毒无交叉反应;用该方法检测国内猪场62份腹泻粪便样品,相比常规PCR方法,该纳米PCR方法的检出率更高,而两种方法对268份进境活猪粪拭子样品检测均为阴性。结果表明,本研究所建立的纳米PCR检测方法适用于国内猪场的PDCo V检测和进境活猪的监控检测,可作为PDCo V实验室检测的有力技术手段。